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The distribution of a semiflexible chain in the volume of two interconnected spherical cavities of equal size has been investigated by using Monte Carlo simulations. The chain possessed an extension exceeding that of the cavity, leading to large probabilities of translocated states despite the entropic penalty of passing the narrow passage. Furthermore, an asymmetric state with unequal subchain le
The pseudorapidity density and multiplicity distribution of charged particles produced in proton-proton collisions at the LHC, at a centre-of-mass energy root s = 7 TeV, were measured in the central pseudorapidity region vertical bar eta vertical bar < 1. Comparisons are made with previous measurements at root s = 0.9 TeV and 2.36 TeV. At root s = 7 TeV, for events with at least one charged partic
Digital X-ray radiogrammetry (DXR) calculates peripheral bone mineral density (BMD) from hand radiographs. The short-term precision for direct DXR has been reported to be highly satisfactory. However, long-term precision for this method has not been examined. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the long-term in-vitro precision for the new direct digital version of DXR. The in-vitro precisio
Rapid development in the realms of electronic publishing has had a profound impact on information services in general and the academic library in particular. Since mid 1990´s an increasingly number of scholarly journals and other information resources have been made available electronically. Electronic books are the newest electronic service in the hybrid library and can be seen as the third wave
Racial discrimination is a highly topical and burning issue, of special interest in working life. Most researchers agree on that discrimination is a problem in the Swedish labour market. To counteract the ongoing discrimination, a new Anti-Discrimination Act was founded in 1999. The Racial Discrimination Act although appears to be ineffective on the basis of legal usage. Of all the legal cases abo
Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the poorest regions in the world and depends heavily on aid flow and debt reduction to foster development and fight poverty. Using 35 of the 48 countries in the region, we examine the impact of aid flow/debt reduction on poverty alleviation and the selected poverty targets are primary completion rate and life rate. A multiple regression model on panel data over the per
Throughout the pursuit of environmental sustainability, the attention placed on governments’ responsibility to reduce environmental degradation has progressively decreased and rather, began focusing on the attitudes and behaviours of individuals. Overtime, this increasing attention placed on the individual highlighted the central role which citizens have in creating and pushing for a sustainable s
Immateriella rättigheter och konkurrensrätt. Det ena existerar för att ge en ensamrätt till att förfoga över en produkt eller tjänst, det andra existerar för att ta bort allt som hindrar den fria handeln av produkter och tjänster. Det är därför naturligt att diskutera huruvida det finns en konflikt mellan rättsområdena. Den immaterialrättsliga lagstiftningen är livsviktig för industriella innovatiIntellectual property-right and competition-law. One of them exists to award an exclusive right for the utilisation of a good or service, the latter exists to break down barriers for the free trade of goods and services. It is therefore natural to discuss whether there is a conflict between the two. The intellectual property-rights are essential for industrial innovation, but at the same time the
En person som flyttar ut ifrån Sverige och blir begränsat skattskyldig här kan även efter flytten bli skattskyldig för kapitalvinster enligt den så kallade tioårsregeln. Tioårsregeln omfattar delägarrätter, andelar i svenska handelsbolag och utlandet delägarbeskattade juridiska personer. Man är skattskyldig för kapitalvinster på sådana tillgångar i tio år efter att man upphörde att vara bosatt ellA person who moves from Sweden and becomes a limited taxable person here can even after the move takes place become taxable here for capital gains according to the so called ten-year rule. The ten-year rule covers shares, shares in trading companies and shares in foreign shareholder-taxed legal persons. A person is taxable for capital gains on such assets for up to ten years after he or she ceased
In order to simulate complex combustion systems, the kinetic mechanisms describing the chemical processes have to be reduced. To minimize the error introduced by the reduction, coefficients of the reaction rates included in the mechanisms can be adjusted in ways so that simulations using the reduced mechanism behave like simulations that use detailed mechanisms. One can then run simulations with d
Since the end of the 1999 war, Kosovo has received high flows of development assistance, thus becoming among the top beneficiaries per capita worldwide. The EU is the largest donor to Kosovo that aims to support the country’s development as well as the EU accession process. Despite the fact that development must be, primarily, autonomous, i.e. which cannot be imposed, but rather must come from wit
There is mounting evidence that cognitive skills such as numeracy and literacy are causal drivers of economic growth. Improving such skills is therefore an essential concern for policymakers. This thesis examines whether instruction time can raise students' cognitive skills. By using cross-sectional data on several countries participating in the Trends in International Mathematics and Science
“Meetings are now more important” : A study about social workers' view on client meetings within the financial aid sector. In social work, meeting other people forms a big part of the job and human contact is generally considered very important. The aim of this study was to investigate how social workers within the financial aid sector reason about meetings with clients when based on the goal
Hungary is one of the countries that has followed the global trend of democratic backsliding. Inspired by the closing of the Central European University in Budapest we decided to take a closer look at which laws made it possible for the Hungarian government to implement these changes on the higher education institutions. The purpose of this essay is to examine the civil democratic activity followi
Kriminalpolitiken och det stigande gängvåldet var bland de mest diskuterade frågorna inför valet 2022 i Sverige. I syfte att lösa dessa problem sökte politiker och media vägledning i den danska lagstiftningen. Efter valet ingicks Tidöavtalet, en partiöverskridande överenskommelse i syfte att bilda regeringsunderlag. I avtalet föreslogs en kriminalisering av deltagande i kriminella gäng. Uppsatsen The criminal policy and the rising gang violence were among the most debated issues leading up to the 2022 election in Sweden. In order to address these problems, politicians and the media sought guidance from Danish legislation. After the election, the Tidö Agreement was concluded, a cross-party agreement aimed at forming a government coalition. The agreement proposed the criminalization of parti
Byggsektorn står idag för 40 % av energianvändningen i EU samtidigt som 36 % av växthusgasutsläppen i EU kommer från byggnader. Att förbättra byggnaders energiprestanda är av stor vikt för att uppnå nationella och internationella klimatmål. Ett viktigt redskap för att förutspå en byggnads energiprestanda är energimodellering. Att kunna göra energiberäkningar med hög noggrannhet i tidigt skede ger The building sector is responsible for 40 % of the energy use in the EU today and improving the energy performance of buildings is essential to fulfill the national and international climate agreements. One important tool used in energy performance predictions is modeling. The aim of this study is to evaluate how precise an energy calculation can be and what factors influence the performance gap b
Purpose/Background: Utilizing proton therapy (PT) for treatment of Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) has demonstrated favorable features, particularly a reduced dose to organs at risk (OAR) in comparison with photon radiotherapy. However, there is a coherent complexity with PT including its uncertainties, such as range-uncertainties and set-up variations as protons are highly sensitive to tissue density var
