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AbstractPURPOSE: To determine whether the presence of one or more cilioretinal arteries, a distinct element of the pattern of fundus vessels, is genetically programmed, influenced by environmental factors, or the result of random mechanisms of vascular development. METHODS: The fundi of 112 pairs of healthy monozygotic and dizygotic twins were examined using digital fundus photography and visual a
The additional passing lanes and 2+1 roads improve significant road safety. Studies indicate sections with additional passing lanes (relief or alternately), which may cause reduction in the number of accidents by 50%. However, how geometric design affects the safety performance of such sections is not in depth investigated. Previous studies are carried out with two approaches, i.e. the most often,
The responses of 56 neurons recorded in the lumbosacral spinal cord of halothane-anesthetized rats were studied following the application of mechanical stimuli to the skin on the lateral aspect of the paw or electrical stimulation of the sural nerve. Only neurons driven by A- and C-fiber stimulation were considered. The evoked activity in a nerve supplying flexor muscles, the common peroneal nerve
BackgroundVasovagal reflex is the most common form of syncope, but the pathophysiological mechanisms that initiate the reflex are not well understood. We aimed to study supine and early orthostatic levels of the neurohormones involved in control of circulatory homeostasis in relation to the onset of tilt‐induced vasovagal syncope (VVS).Methods and ResultsA total of 827 patients who were investigat
Objective: Routine antibiotic treatment of acute uncomplicated diverticulitis (AUD) has been shown ineffective. In this study, the adherence to a new treatment protocol for uncomplicated diverticulitis was evaluated and the incidence of complications in patients treated with and without antibiotics was investigated. Materials and methods: A retrospective study of in-patients diagnosed with AUD at
Sverige framhålls ofta som ett föregångsland gällande personlig assistans (PA) och mänskliga rättigheter. Forskning visar dock att bedömningen av rätten till PA styrs av en medicinsk förståelse av funktionshinder och av ekonomiska snarare än funktionshinderpolitiska mål. Nedskärningar har medfört att antalet med statlig assistansersättning har minskat. Syftet med artikeln är att belysa de motstridSweden is often highlighted as a pioneering country in terms of personal assistance (PA) and human rights. However, research shows that the assessment of PA is guided by a medical understanding of disability and by austerity ratherthan by disability policy. Furthermore, the number of people with state-funded PA has decreased. The purpose of the article is to illuminate the contradictions that char
Surface segregation phenomena dictate core-shell preference of bimetallic nanoparticles and thus play a crucial role in the nanoparticle synthesis and applications. Although it is generally agreed that surface segregation depends on the constituent materials' physical properties, a comprehensive picture of the phenomena on the nanoscale is not yet complete. Here we use a combination of molecular d
Drought is predicted to increase in the future due to climate change, bringing with it myriad impacts on ecosystems. Plants respond to drier soils by reducing stomatal conductance in order to conserve water and avoid hydraulic damage. Despite the importance of plant drought responses for the global carbon cycle and local and regional climate feedbacks, land surface models are unable to capture obs
Objectives: We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the incidence and prevalence of SSc covering the entire literature. Methods: This study followed the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement of 2009. We conducted a systematic search in MEDLINE, Web of Science and Embase to identify articles reporting incide
Background: Ménière's disease (MD) is a chronic peripheral vestibular disorder with recurrent episodes of vertigo accompanied by fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus and aural fullness in the affected ear. There are several unanswered fundamental questions regarding MD, one of these being cortical activity during a MD attack. However, it is not possible to plan an investigation in an episodic diseas
As water in a rainwater regulating reservoir at the Sankyo landfill site in Nagasaki City tends to be alkalized and to exceed the pH upper limit of 7.5, measures to suppress the alkalization should be implemented. Inhibiting photosynthesis in algae is required to suppress the alkalization. Shading is one of the methods for inhibiting algal photosynthesis. In this study, we evaluated the pH reducti
Importance Limited information exists about the epidemiology, recognition, management, and outcomes of patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Objectives To evaluate intensive care unit (ICU) incidence and outcome of ARDS and to assess clinician recognition, ventilation management, and use of adjuncts—for example prone positioning—in routine clinical practice for patients fu
We study the problem of estimating the semi-generalized pose of a partially calibrated camera, i.e., the pose of a perspective camera with unknown focal length w.r.t. a generalized camera, from a hybrid set of 2D-2D and 2D-3D point correspondences. We study all possible camera configurations within the generalized camera system. To derive practical solvers to previously unsolved challenging config
Background: To support a victim of violence and establish the correct penalty for the perpetrator, it is crucial to correctly evaluate and communicate the severity of the violence. Recent data have shown these communications to be biased. However, computational language models provide opportunities for automated evaluation of the severity to mitigate the biases. Objective: We investigated whether
Several suggestions have been made as to why Sweden's approach to managing the COVID-19 pandemic came to rely on a strategy based on voluntary measures. Two of the most prominent explanations for why the country chose a different strategy than many other countries have focused on micro- and macro-level factors, explaining the strategy either in terms of the psychologies of prominent actors or by p
Every day we make choices, but our degree of investment in them differs, both in terms of pre-verbal experience and verbal justification. In an earlier experimental study, participants were asked to pick the more attractive one among two human faces, and among two abstract figures, and later to provide verbal motivations for these choices. They did not know that in some of the cases their choices
“The Covid 19 pandemic took the meetings industry from top to bottom in one move”. These were the introducing words from the CEO of a large Swedish network of meetings firms, in their annual report for 2020. In the beginning of that year, one of the most challenging crises in the history of the meetings organizations emerged. Now, two years on the pandemic has changed the conditions for the entire
Firekite is a synchronous stream cipher using a pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) whose security is conjectured to rely on the hardness of the Learning Parity with Noise (LPN) problem. It is one of a few LPN-based symmetric encryption schemes, and it can be very efficiently implemented on a low-end SoC FPGA. The designers, Bogos, Korolija, Locher and Vaudenay, demonstrated appealing properties
