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OBJECTIVES: This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (prototype). The objectives are as follows: Primary objective To determine the prognostic value of birth weight (BW) and prematurity in predicting the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) later in life (among adults, adolescents, and children) compared to normal BW and full-term birth. Secondary objectives To determine the prognostic val
Purpose: To assess the ability of corneal epithelial aberrations to discriminate forme fruste keratoconus (FFKC) and keratoconus (KC) from normal eyes. Methods: This prospective, case-control study enrolled 91 right eyes from 91 normal participants, 87 eyes with FFKC and 148 eyes with KC. Epithelial aberrations for the 6-mm pupil were measured using an anterior segment optical coherence tomography
In timber-concrete composites (TCC), more researchers are trying to find the “ultimate” shear connector, which combines multiple advantages. Bonded steel plates are one of the possible solutions. This paper provides an analytical and a numerical approach, calibrated with previously conducted experiments, to predict the load carrying capacity, and corresponding governing failure mode, of perfobond
Vegetation demographic models (VDMs) are advanced tools for simulating forest responses to climate and land-use changes, and are essential for projecting carbon cycling and large-scale forest management strategies. Despite their increasing incorporation into Earth System Models, VDMs differ in their demographic assumptions, with no prior quantitative comparison of their performance. We benchmarked
The model is based on an existing framework for high-cycle fatigue by Ottosen et al. (2008) that treats the fatigue damage as a time-continuous variable, opposed to relying on cycle-counting techniques. We propose a generalized formulation where the relationship between the fatigue limits for fully reversed shear stress and normal stress can take any value, unlike in the original formulation, wher
Future-oriented environmental assessments—in particular, prospective life cycle assessments (LCAs)—are increasingly applied within the wastewater treatment (WWT) sector. This thesis contributes to this field of research by addressing how to estimate the environmental impact (improving LCA methodology) and what the impact amounts to (WWT-specific results) for a wastewater treatment plant not yet co
This paper presents a single-layer filtering antenna (filtenna) based on a compact square substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity for millimeter-wave (mmWave) applications. The cavity operates in the fundamental TE110 mode to enable beam scanning, while a central shorting via introduces the TE210 mode, broadening the bandwidth. A radiating slot, placed at high-intensity regions of both modes,
Peripheral nerve tumours, most commonly schwannomas and neurofibromas, might present significant challenges by eliciting physical symptoms and emotional distress. We aimed to explore patients’ expectations, perceptions, and experiences regarding their diagnosis and the surgical treatment of a nerve tumour in the upper limb. Fourteen adults (10 women, 4 men; age range 35–85) from two Swedish hand s
Proteins and peptides are vital biomolecules, and deuterated amino acids are increasingly applied in areas such as drug discovery, metabolic tracing, and neutron scattering studies. In this study, we performed deuteration on all 20 proteinogenic amino acids, including their side chains, and established efficient methods for 13 amino acids. Using a Pt/C-catalyzed hydrogen–deuterium exchange reactio
The retinoblastoma gene (RB1), which is located on chromosome 13q14.2, is mutated in retinoblastoma (RB), the most common malignant intraocular tumor in children. About 8000 new cases of retinoblastoma are diagnosed globally each year, accounting for approximately 1 in 17,000 live births. RB is prototypically considered hereditary by nature as thirty to forty percent of cases have autosomal domina
The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the future observatory for ground-based imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Each telescope will provide a snapshot of gamma-ray induced particle showers by capturing the induced Cherenkov emission at ground level. The simulation of such events provides camera images that can be used as training data for convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to differenti
Dopaminergic neurons in the ventral midbrain are critical for regulating movement, cognition, and emotion. Ventral midbrain organoids can be used to model both development and diseases of the dopaminergic system, especially Parkinson’s disease. Here, we summarize recent advances and remaining challenges in developing such three-dimensional organoids from human pluripotent stem cells. We outline ho
This study investigates the neural encoding of speech features in hearing aid users using electroencephalography (EEG) during a simulated cocktail party scenario. The objective was to investigate neural tracking of various acoustic and linguistic features and how hearing aid noise reduction influenced this tracking. The features analyzed included the acoustic envelope, phonetic features, word onse
Purpose of Review: This paper aims to evaluate the burden of contact allergy caused by cosmetic products, identifying the key allergens involved and examining recent regulatory and diagnostic developments. The review addresses which substances commonly induce allergic contact dermatitis and how current trends and emerging allergens impact clinical practice. Recent Findings: Fragrances remain the m
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a heterogeneous childhood cancer, characterized by the amplification of the MYCN oncogene in 40% of the high-risk cases. Our previous work demonstrated that MYCN drives metabolic reprogramming in NB, including upregulation of antioxidant enzymes. Here, we identify peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) as a promising therapeutic target in NB. Pharmacological inhibition of PRDX6 reduces MYCN
Motivation Efforts to address health disparities are often limited by the lack of robust computational tools for inferring genetic ancestry by calculating an individual's genetic similarity to continental groups. We have already shown that a preferred alternative to self-described race is using ancestry-informative markers (AIMs) that can be classified into ancestral components and used to estimat
Purpose: Developmental language disorder (DLD) has known consequences on academic performance, and adaptations to teaching methods and material are often required to counteract negative outcomes. This study used first-hand reports from students with DLD and their caregivers to explore how individual and school-related factors influence academic achievement and provision of educational support. Met
Soma design is intimately entangled with the politics, not only of design itself, but of bodies. We combine perspectives from soma design, political theory, and Sara Ahmed’s work The Cultural Politics of Emotions, to develop five political provocations that reflect on the politics of soma design and the possibilities and frictions therein. Inspired by soma design’s roots in somaesthetic philosophy
The Polarization and Impedance Controlled Car (PICC) presents an innovative approach for demonstrating and teaching key principles of electromagnetic field theory, specifically polarization and impedance. Designed as an interactive learning tool, the PICC utilizes a radio-controlled car, NanoVNA, Raspberry Pi, and handheld antennas to visualize real-time effects of polarization and impedance. The
Epitaxially grown nanowires have shown promise for photovoltaic applications due to their nanophotonic properties. Moreover, the mechanical properties of nanowires can reduce crystallographic defect formation at interfaces to help enable new material combinations for photovoltaics. One material that stands to benefit from the nanowire morphology is zinc phosphide (Zn3P2), which, despite promising
