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On the basis of the dual variational formulation of a class of elliptic variational inequalities, a constitutive relation error is defined for the variational inequalities as an a posteriori error estimator, which is shown to guarantee strict upper bounds of the global energy-norm errors of kinematically admissible solutions. A numerical example is presented to validate the strictly bounding prope
Background The popularity of tattoos has increased dramatically over the last few decades. Tattoo ink often contains carcinogenic chemicals, e.g., primary aromatic amines, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and metals. The tattooing process invokes an immunologic response that causes translocation of tattoo ink from the injection site. Deposition of tattoo pigment in lymph nodes has been confirmed
The recognition of honor-related violence has been emphasized in the media and through legal regulation during the last decades in Sweden. Honor oppression is often characterized by its cultural/religious roots and is found in patriarchal and collective societies. However, the regulations might have stigmatizing effects as they target certain communities in society. Previous research shows that ho
The goal of the Master Thesis is to upgrade the control of a power supply for a radar system. A controller based on Kalman filtering and state feedback has been developed for this two inputs two outputs system.
As digital cameras become cheaper and better, computers more powerful, and robots more abundant the merging of these three techniques also becomes more common and capable. The combination of these techniques is often inspired by the human visual system and often strives to give machines the same capabilities that humans already have, such as object identification, navigation, limb coordination, an
The goal of this Master’s Thesis is to investigate the implementation of cryptographic algorithms for IoT and how these encryption systems can be integrated in a NarrowBand IoT platform. Following 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) specifications, the Evolved Packet System (EPS) Encryption Algorithms (EEA) and EPS Integrity Algorithms (EIA) have been implemented and tested. The latter are b
Kubernetes is a container orchestration platform growing ever more popular, and as the software industry shifts into the container cloud, security will become paramount. The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVEs) systems cata- log and provide references to known vulnerabilities. The goal of this thesis is to systematically evaluate the security situation of Kubernetes through common mitigatio
This thesis presents a case for the establishment of a human right to financial inclusion under the human rights framework, as well as argues for states to legitimize the right through legal protection in the form of a legislation in order to effectively guarantee the significant benefits of the right for everyone. The rationale for this research is that, despite its immense contribution in human
För att kunna handskas med de stigande stressnivåerna hos skolelever är det viktigt att skapa en välfungerande lärandemiljö. Detta kan till exempel göras med olika verktyg och ett av dem är Woof Technologies ApS platform WOOF som kan användas som ett hjälpmedel för lärare i grundskolan för att mäta och arbeta med elevers trivsel och välmående i en klass. Syftet med detta arbete är att analysera ocIn order to deal with the rising stress levels of pupils, it is important to create a well-functioning learning environment. This can for example be done with various tools, one of them being Woof Technologies ApS platform WOOF which can be used as an aid for teachers in elementary school to measure and work with students' well-being in class. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze and eval
Recent research has been done with fungal hyphae growing in mazes or hyphae growing under the influence of a gradient. This research could give new knowledge on how fungi grow in relation to its surroundings. As fungi are important for biological decomposing, human agriculture, medicine and many other areas, this has inspired us to study hyphal growth inside a maze simultaneously under the influen
Molecular imaging techniques have become an essential tool for cancer diagnosis. They have the potential to detect cancer at early stages and thus, they can change the outcome of the disease and patient prognosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has arisen as one of the most promising imaging methods used for the screening of soft tumor tissues such as breast cancer. However, the specificity of M
This thesis covers optimizing the first phase of the start-up of a thermal power plant using Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) and state estimation using an Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF). The start-up has been optimized in regards to time and fuel usage. The thesis is done as a joint project between Vattenfall and Modelon. Both NMPC and UKF are nonlinear methods and require a model of the
Optical clocks will potentially become the new frequency standard for the SI-definition of the second. Many national metrology institutes around the world have already implemented different versions of such clocks and others are in process of doing so. At SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, this process has recently begun. This thesis investigates the properties of the Zeeman slower that is t
This thesis has two aims: The main purpose is to describe and illustrate how a large Ltd. company can use voluntary redundancy as a tool for restructuring. The additional purpose is to challenge the concept of voluntary redundancy trough outlining alternative ways of reaching the intended achievements of the voluntary redundancy programme. The theoretical framework that has been used primarily con
Bolivia is a country with a troubling political past, and crammed with political instability and turmoil the Bolivian society inhabits a wide spectrum of cleavages. In this paper we determine that Bolivia is a case of unstable democracy. We use consociational theory and consensus democracy theory to answer why this is the case, by looking at the development Bolivia’s institutional design in order
This thesis explores the role of the architect in the construction process. The project involves designing, projecting, and constructing a 30-square-meter Attefall house in accordance with Swedish building regulations, where the architect assumes full responsibility from concept to completed building. By combining design and construction, the study investigates how the architect’s direct involveme
A one-dimensional model of reactive sedimentation in wastewater treatment is formulated. The model combines three main elements: the Activated Sludge Model No. 1 (ASM1) for the reactive part, a secondary sedimentation tank (SST) with a variable cross-sectional area, and a description with percentages of the solid phase. The final form of the model is a system of partial differential equations of t
Circular economy (CE) policy has largely developed around product markets, where ecodesign, repairability requirements, and extended producer responsibility now form a substantial regulatory layer. In regulated energy infrastructure, where replacement decisions are shaped by depreciation schedules, regulatory review cycles, and procurement rules, these tools have made limited progress. This perspe
