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The association between hormone therapy (estrogen, with or without progesterone) and colorectal cancer (CRC) has received considerable scientific interest but previous research has generated inconsistent results. We aimed to examine whether post-diagnostic use of hormone therapy might protect against CRC mortality and all-cause mortality. Women diagnosed with CRC between January 2007 and December
Introduction: The standard therapy for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is porcine-derived pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT). In the present study we tested a new approach with a mixture of pancreatic- like enzymes of microbial origin (PLEM) in a 1-week efficacy study in EPI pigs. In addition to the conventionally used coefficient of fat and nitrogen absorption (CFA and CNA), par
Objectives: Left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) are important surrogate markers of cardiac function and wall stress. Randomized trials of heart failure (HF) have shown improvements in survival in patients with reduced EF (<40%, HFrEF) but not with preserved EF (≥50%, HFpEF) or mid-range EF (40-49%, HFmrEF). Limited information is availa
Background: Several indirect calorimetry (IC) instruments are commercially available, but comparative validity and reliability data are lacking. Existing data are limited by inconsistencies in protocols, subject characteristics, or single-instrument validation comparisons. The aim of this study was to compare accuracy and reliability of metabolic carts using methanol combustion as the cross-labora
A system for local oscillator (LO) signal generation in 5G millimeter-wave (mmW) multi-antenna transceivers is presented. The system is modular with one phase locked loop (PLL) per antenna element transceiver, and a test circuit implemented in 28-nm fully depleted silicon on insulator (FD-SOI) CMOS features two such PLLs and a 491.52 MHz crystal oscillator (XO) generating a common frequency refere
Background: Suicide victims have been found to frequently suffer from mental disorders, often more than one, and comorbidity has also been found to be a risk factor for suicide. The aim of the present study was to determine the first disorder and possible subsequent disorders in suicide victims during their lifetimes and to compare their development with the development of mental and alcohol use d
Background: The Osborn or J-wave, an upright deflection of the J-point on the electrocardiogram (ECG), is often observed during severe hypothermia. A possible relation between Osborn waves (OW) and increased risk of ventricular arrhythmia has been reported. We sought to determine whether the level of targeted temperature management (TTM) following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) affects the
Background: Despite the presence of efferent neural pathways from the cortex to brainstem, evidence for cognitive inhibition and sensory gating on the auditory brainstem has been mixed. Some previous studies have suggested auditory brainstem responses (ABR) can be affected by cognitive load whereas others have not. Purpose: The present study explores if the ABR recorded from adults with normal hea
Background: International multicentre outcome studies of surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT), especially for rate of conversion to bilateral neck surgery and persistent hypercalcaemia, are scarce. Methods: Eurocrine® is a European database for endocrine surgery. Data are entered according to predefined data fields. Outcomes for patients who underwent first surgery for sporadic pHPT were
Stomatopod crustaceans have the most complex assemblage of visual receptor classes known; retinas of many species are thought to express up to 16 different visual pigments. Physiological studies indicate that stomatopods contain up to six distinct middle-wavelength-sensitive (MWS) photoreceptor classes, suggesting that no more than six different MWS opsin gene copies exist per species. However, we
A T-cell permissive tumor microenvironment, characterized by the presence of activated T cells and low fibrotic activity is crucial for response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Granzyme B has been shown to promote T-cell migration through the basement membrane by the degradation of type IV collagen. In this study, we evaluated the biomarker potential of measuring granzyme B-mediated degrad
Background and objectives: Progressing climate change is accompanied by a worldwide increase in the intensity, frequency, and duration of heat wave events. Research has shown that heat waves are an emerging public health problem, as they have a significant impact on mortality. As studies exploring this relationship are scarce for Latvia, this study aims to investigate the short-term associations b
INTRODUCTION: Variants in collagen-related genes COL1A1, COL3A1, COL5A1 andCOL5A2 are associated with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), a heterogeneous groupof connective tissue disorders strongly associated with increased bleeding. Of patientswith incompletely explained bleeding diathesis, a relatively high proportion were shown to harbour at least one heterozygous variant of unknown significance (VU
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the construct validity, floor and ceiling effects, data completeness and magnitude of change over time for the eight-item patient questionnaire (HQ-8) in the Swedish Healthcare Quality Registry for hand surgery (HAKIR). Methods: Construct validity was investigated through predefined hypotheses and correlation statistics between the single items i
To study the association between induction and outcome among two-parous women in uncomplicated pregnancies ≥ 41+3, stratified by first labour delivery mode and conditions present at first delivery. The Swedish Medical Birth Register was used to identify 58,964 uncomplicated singleton pregnancies among women with one previous birth between 1998 and 2014. Women with any registered pregnancy complica
The most accepted taxonomic treatment of the New World sulphurs of the genus Phoebis Hübner, [1819] recognizes 16 species including those in the current synonyms Aphrissa and Rhabdodryas. This total conflicts with the results of several recent pierid DNA barcode studies across the Neotropics. We used a five-locus dataset to carry out species delimitation analyses using the coalescence-based method
To clarify whether metabolic control and β‐cell function deteriorate with increasing duration of diabetes, we investigated in a cross‐sectional study Type 2 diabetic patients in an area‐based population. Type 2 diabetic patients (n = 231: 112 males, 119 females) were identified by age at onset > 35 years, fasting levels of C‐peptide > 0.04 nmol l−1, and absence of islet cell antibodies. Body weigh
Background: To increase the clinical usefulness of the D-dimer test in diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), two strategies have been proposed: the age-adjusted, and the clinical pre-test probability (CPTP) adjusted interpretation. However, it is not known which of these strategies is superior. Objective: To conduct an individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis that compares the sensitivity, s
