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Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) is one of the critical water quality indicators that shows the eutrophication status of aquatic ecosystems. As the largest lake and a well-known attraction in middle Europe, Lake Balaton contributes 70 % or more of local economy through tourism, while also maintaining a unique biodiversity. Therefore, long-term monitoring of water quality is essential for its effective manage
Accurately simulating soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics is essential for carbon-related assessments. Process-oriented SOC models employ temperature (f(T)) and soil moisture (f(W)) response functions derived from specific conditions to simulate SOC responses to climate change, yet are widely applied in regional and global-scale studies. How these functions affect regional SOC simulations remains u
Climate change, characterized by an increase in extreme climatic events, poses a significant threat to forest productivity worldwide, potentially compromising its critical role in regulating the global carbon cycle. The response of forest productivity to compound events, such as hotter droughts, can be strongly modulated by functional traits. Forests dominated by acquisitive tree species (prioriti
Accurately characterizing dry-season water availability (Wd) is critical for projecting terrestrial carbon exchange and global water security. Wd is commonly calculated as the minimum value of precipitation minus evapotranspiration within each calendar year. However, Earth System Model (ESM) projected Wd contains substantial uncertainties and can disagree on even the sign. Based on a newly propose
Compared to lake area and water level, lake storage capacity more intuitively reflects regional climate changes. In this study, we first derived lakebed elevation profiles for individual ICESat-2 tracks based on the underwater stratification of laser photons, then integrating all valid elevation tracks within the water body to interpolate the bathymetry. On this basis, we calculated the capacity a
Methane (CH4) oxidation in well-drained soils is a key process contributing to the global CH4 sink. Yet, temporal and depth-specific CH4 oxidation is rarely described despite being critical for the surface net CH4 uptake. Here, we linked year-round field observations of CH4 fluxes in well-drained cultivated soils with subsurface CH4 concentrations, laboratory incubations, and process-based modelin
The impact of livestock grazing on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in the Sahel has been poorly documented due to a lack of data from different grazing intensities. This study evaluated SOC stocks under four grazing intensities within 0–30 cm soil depth in dry savanna ecosystems of Senegal. It also examined possible indirect relationships between grazing and SOC through herbaceous species diversi
Whilst the importance of fungal primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs) has been recognised, few studies have empirically assessed how land-use patterns influence them. Here, we show the impacts of different land-use patterns on fungal PBAPs within the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot. Spanning a distance of ca. 600 km within this biome, we collected fungal bioaerosols in the fo
This study analyzed daily temperature data from 114 meteorological stations in the Qinling-Daba Mountains from 1980 to 2017, focusing on core zones (CE I ≥ 2274 m, CE II 1321–2274 m) and peripheral zones (PE I 668–1321 m, PE II < 668 m). Using 15 extreme temperature indices computed with RClimDex, we assessed the spatiotemporal patterns, trends, and response to climate warming of extreme temperatu
The dynamics of atmospheric CO2 concentrations during and following the last deglaciation have mainly been ascribed to carbon release from and uptake in oceans, primarily in the Southern Ocean. But recent studies also point toward a terrestrial influence. We quantify dynamic changes to northern terrestrial carbon stocks from the Last Glacial Maximum (21,000 years) until present at millennial time
A rich understanding of the productivity, carbon and nutrient cycling of terrestrial ecosystems is essential in the context of understanding, modelling and managing the future response of the biosphere to global change. This need is particularly acute in tropical ecosystems, home to over 60% of global terrestrial productivity, over half of planetary biodiversity, and hotspots of anthropogenic pres
Grasslands are key repositories of biodiversity and carbon storage and are heavily impacted by effects of global warming and changes in precipitation regimes. Patterns of grassland dynamics associated with variability in future climate conditions across spatiotemporal scales are yet to be adequately quantified. Here, we performed a global meta-analysis of year and growing season sensitivities of v
Our study showed that increases in seasonal productivity drive earlier autumn senescence of temperate trees. Norby argues that this finding is contradicted by observations from free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiments, where elevated CO2 has been found to delay senescence in some cases. We provide a detailed answer showing that the results from FACE studies are in agreement with our conclusions.
Spatial variation in community composition may be driven by a variety of processes, including environmental filtering and dispersal limitation. While work has been conducted on the relative importance of these processes on various taxa and at varying resolutions, tests using high-resolution empirical data across large spatial extents are sparse. Here, we use a dataset on the presence/absence of br
The monitoring of forest phenology based on observations from near-surface sensors such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), PhenoCams, and Spectral Reflectance Sensors (SRS) over satellite sensors has recently gained significant attention in the field of remote sensing and vegetation phenology. However, exploring different aspects of forest phenology based on observations from these sensors and dr
Mercury (Hg) has been stored in permafrost peatlands for millennia. As permafrost thaw is predicted to increase with ongoing climate warming, Hg is at risk to be remobilized from those peatlands and hotspots for Hg methylation could potentially form. Monomethylmercury (MeHg) is a known neurotoxin and a health concern to northern communities if Hg is remobilized, transformed to MeHg and subsequentl
