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In this study, low quality waste cooking oil (WCO) with high total acid value has been used for biodiesel production. The main factors affecting the reaction have been analysed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). A quadratic model representing the interrelationships between reaction variables and free fatty acids (FFA) conversion has been developed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been used

Throughout different eras and cultures what is considered the cosmetically ideal breast has varied greatly. There is no broadly accepted standardised method that objectively evaluates aesthetic outcome after breast reduction mammoplasty. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the result of breast reduction regarding nipple position, comparing it to an objective previously described standard

In recent years, climate change has been widely recognized as a potential problem. The building industry is taking a variety of actions towards sustainable development and climate change mitigation, such as retrofitting buildings. More than mitigation, it is important to account for climate change adaptation and investigate the probable risks and limits for mitigation strategies. For example, one

This study assessed whether methods for capturing the pedestrian experience of outdoor lighting, previously evaluated in a full‐scale laboratory, were applicable in a real‐world setting. It applied an approach capturing the human response to outdoor lighting in a systematic way, by assessing perception, evaluation and behaviour in the lit environment. The study involved 81 participants from two ag

Airspace dimension assessment with nanoparticles (AiDA) is a novel method to measure distal airspace radius non-invasively. In this study, AiDA radii were measured in 618 individuals from the population-based Swedish CArdiopulmonary BioImaging Study, SCAPIS. Subjects with emphysema detected by computed tomography were compared to non-emphysematous subjects. The 47 individuals with mainly mild-to-m

Consumer choice policies may improve the matching of consumers and providers, and may spur competition over quality dimensions relevant to consumers. However, the gains from choice may fail to materialise in markets characterised by information frictions and switching costs. We use two large-scale randomised field experiments in primary health care to examine if individuals reconsider their provid

The objective of this prospective study of matched controls was to find out whether supplementary nutrition would improve wound healing and decrease mortality in patients undergoing transtibial amputation for occlusive arterial disease. The nutritional status of 32 consecutive transtibial amputees was assessed and 28 were classified as malnourished. Supplementary nutrition was given reaching an av

Untagged gamma-ray and tagged-neutron yields from 241AmBe and 238PuBe mixed-field sources have been measured. Gamma-ray spectroscopy measurements from 1 to 5 MeV were performed in an open environment using a CeBr3 detector and the same experimental conditions for both sources. The shapes of the distributions are very similar and agree well with previous data. Tagged-neutron measurements from 2 to

Bacterial growth after freezing/thawing was studied in two soils with a history of annual freezing/thawing events. Soil samples were frozen for 1 week at −3 °C or −18 °C, thawed at +4 °C, and respiration and bacterial growth (estimated using leucine incorporation) were compared with reference soils kept at +4 °C. There were no major differences between soils. A respiration pulse, peaking within 9

Light-by-light scattering (γγ → γγ) is a quantum-mechanical process that is forbidden in the classical theory of electrodynamics. This reaction is accessible at the Large Hadron Collider thanks to the large electromagnetic field strengths generated by ultra-relativistic colliding lead ions. Using 480 μ1 of lead-lead collision data recorded at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 5.02 TeV by

In this study, low quality waste cooking oil with high total acid value, has been used for biodiesel production. The main factors affecting the reaction has been analysed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). A quadratic model representing the interrelationships between reaction variables and free fatty acids (FFA) conversion has been developed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been used for c

Employing a large number of antennas at the base station, massive MIMO significantly improves spectral efficiency and transmit power efficiency. On the other hand, massive MIMO also introduces unprecedented implementation challenges, especially in terms of processing and storage of large-size channel state information (CSI) matrices. Since on-chip memory is generally very expensive and has limited

The aim was to perform a bibliometric study, and compare the quantity of publications on schizophrenia with the total medical literature in Medline during 57 years, 1950-2006. The annual additions of literature to Medline are continually increasing and form the Medline growth curve. Comparisons of the number of publications on schizophrenia, or any other disease, to this curve, may be used to esti

BACKGROUND: If lungs from subjects dying of heart attacks could be used for transplantation, the lung donor shortage could be radically reduced. The aim of this study was to investigate, in an experimental survival model, the results of lung transplantation using lungs from non-heart-beating donors. METHODS: The left lung, topically cooled to 25 degrees C for 2 hours in situ after 5 minutes of cir

In past years, the demand for an indirect extraction of respiration and the interest in a joint study of respiratory and cardiac systems represented the driving forces for the development of Electrocardiogram Derived Respiration (EDR) algorithms. The main advantage of them consists in deriving a sufficiently reliable surrogate respiratory signal by only exploiting the normal electrocardiogram (ECG

Contracts in the EU operate in a complex legal environment. Depending on the situation, they are subject to a patchwork of national, European, and international rules. As a result, economic operators exercising the ‘four freedoms’ find themselves in a great ocean of private international law, containing smaller islands of EU law and national rules. This paper explores some of the fundamental issu