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Abstract A major change in paradigm is taking place in the operation of wastewater treatment plants as automatic process control is becoming feasible. This change is due to a number of different reasons, not least the development of online nutrient sensors, which measure the key parameters in the biological nutrient removal processes, i.e. ammonium, nitrate and phosphate. The thesis is about rea
The proper handling of alarms is crucial to automated process control. In practice, many alarms are only distractive and do not represent a fault situation. Here, a toolbox is proposed that aims to reduce the occurrence of the so called nuisance alarms. It is a general computerized tool that takes advantage of the control system's built-in functions, and is a first step to an enhanced overall alar
This paper focuses on the use of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to evaluate the performance of seventeen control strategies in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). It tackles the importance of using site-specific factors for nutrient enrichment when decision-makers have to select best operating strategies. Therefore, the LCA evaluation is repeated for three different scenarios depending on the limita
Glazed spaces ranging from small glazed verandas to large atrium buildings have become a common feature in architecture. A glazed space is greatly affected by aspects of the outside climate such as insolation and temperature. In the design of such spaces, more sophisticated design tools are therefore required in order to estimate the climate inside the glazed space and the energy requirements for
Objective: Resistin is a secreted factor that is elevated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and believed to drive joint inflammation in vivo. This study was undertaken to determine if resistin is present in the joint following joint injury and to elucidate the role of resistin in cartilage degradation. Methods: The level of resistin was measured in paired synovial fluid (SF) and serum samples from pati
Background: The primary aim was to assess psychological distress in patients with longstanding hip and groin pain (LHGP) and compare them with healthy controls. The secondary aim was to explore the association between psychological distress and symptom duration, self-reported pain and symptoms in patients with LHGP. Methods: Seventy-two patients with LHGP and sixty-three controls were included. Th
This paper mainly focuses on the effect of cell unbalancing on the overall performance of a battery pack, as well as the challenges associated with designing a protection system for the Battery Management System (BMS). With the increasing trend towards fully electric aircraft, cars, buses, bikes, etc., the battery pack has become the sole power source for these vehicles. Consequently, it's imperat
In 2003 the concept of Application Service Provision (ASP) as a way to provide Enterprise Systems (ES) to Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs), “hyped”. In 2013 we saw the same “hype” but now with the Software as a Service (SaaS) model. Even if labelled differently, these concepts seem to mean the same and so, in this paper, we explore if providers perspective for the adoption of external pro
ObjectiveTo assess the role of the placental arterial Doppler examination at 23-24 gestational weeks for predicting adverse perinatal outcome in high-risk pregnancies. DesignRetrospective register study. SettingSkane University Hospital in Malmo. PopulationSix hundred and forty-five women with high-risk pregnancies, without fetal malformations or chromosomal abnormalities. MethodsPlacental (uterin
The paper aims to identify and analyse potential legal avenues for phasing out fossil fuel subsidies (FFS) in the European Union (EU) using State aid rules. Our analysis reveals that the EU State aid rules would allow the European Commission to effectively target and monitor a vast number of FFS. From a policy perspective, the requirements for notification, examination, transparency, reporting, an
This study explores sustainable energy renovation strategies for a congregation building in southern Sweden using a parametric optimization approach to balance passive and active measures. Passive measures include envelope and window improvements and leakage control, while active measures involve photovoltaic integration and ventilation enhancements. The renovation aims to optimize energy use, the
In this article we discuss how two types of popular romances – the desert romance and the governess romance – have blended into what we refer to as the desert-governess romance. In the world of romance, the governess and the sheikh may be an odd couple but they do make good bedfellows. Etymologically speaking, the governess (“A woman who holds or exercises authority” (OED)) is the perfect love mat
Constraining the climate impact of particulate brown carbon (BrC) will require identification of formation mechanisms and isolation of its different components to allow for source apportionment. For fresh combustion aerosols, the light absorption characteristics and the Absorption Ångstrom Exponent (AAE) are principally controlled by the combustion conditions in which the particles formed and evol
The significant environmental impact of the current fossil fuel-based industry is a major concern for society. Consequently, various initiatives are being undertaken to establish a more sustainable industrial model. One example is via the transition from conventional fossil fuel refineries to biorefineries, where renewable raw materials are utilised. Amongst these raw materials, the use of lignoce
The implementation of sputter-deposited TiOx as an electron transport layer in nonfullerene acceptor-based organic photovoltaics has been shown to significantly increase the long-term stability of devices compared to conventional solution-processed ZnO due to a decreased photocatalytic activity of the sputtered TiOx. In this work, we utilize synchrotron-based photoemission and absorption spectrosc
