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Simple roles for photoreception are likely to have preceded more demanding ones such as vision. The driving force behind this evolution is the improvement and elaboration of animal behaviors using photoreceptor input. Because the basic role for all senses aimed at the external world is to guide behavior, we argue here that understanding this "behavioral drive" is essential for unraveling the evolu

For memory retrieval, pattern completion is a crucial process that restores memories from partial or degraded cues. Neurocognitive aging models suggest that the aged memory system is biased toward pattern completion, resulting in a behavioral preference for retrieval over encoding of memories. Here, we built on our previously developed behavioral recognition memory paradigm—the Memory Image Comple

Background: Effective digestive enzymes are crucial for successful islet isolation. Supplemental proteases are essential because they synergize with collagenase for effective pancreatic digestion. The activity of these enzymes is critically dependent on the presence of Ca2+ ions at a concentration of 5–10 mM. The present study aimed to determine the Ca2+ concentration during human islet isolation

Thefirst reported applications of laser sheet imaging for the study of atomizing sprays date from the mid 1980th.Since those early tries, blurring effects from the light being scattered multiple times by the surrounding dropletswere already observed and reported. While s trategies in suppressing part of this multiple light scatteringcontribution, were known for transmission imaging (e. spatial Fou

Frataxin is a highly conserved protein found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. It is involved in several central functions in cells, which include iron delivery to biochemical processes, such as heme synthesis, assembly of iron-sulfur clusters (ISC), storage of surplus iron in conditions of iron overload, and repair of ISC in aconitase. Frataxin from different organisms has been shown to undergo

The effects of fuel properties on the performance and emissions of an engine running in partially premixed combustion mode were investigated using nine test fuels developed in the gasoline boiling point range. The fuels covered a broad range of ignition quality and fuel chemistry.The fuels were characterized by performing a load sweep between 1 and 12 bar gross IMEP at 1000 and 1300 rpm. A heavy d

Organo-metal halide perovskites are some of the most promising materials for the new generation of low-cost photovoltaic and light-emitting devices. Their solution processability is a beneficial trait, although it leads to a spatial inhomogeneity of perovskite films with a variation of the trap state density at the nanoscale. Comprehending their properties using traditional spectroscopy therefore

In this work, we investigate production of Drell-Yan (DY) pairs in proton-nucleus collisions in kinematic regions where the corresponding coherence length does not exceed the nuclear radius, RA, and the quantum coherence effects should be treated with special care. The results for the nucleus-to-nucleon production ratio available in the literature so far are usually based on the assumption of a ve

A reliable phylogenetic reconstruction of the evolutionary history of contemporary species depends on a robust identification of the universal common ancestor (UCA) at the root of the Tree of Life (ToL). That root polarizes the tree so that the evolutionary succession of ancestors to descendants is discernable. In effect, the root determines the branching order and the direction of character evolu

A new spectrometer for studying photoinduced fragmentation has been designed and commissioned. The instrument produces a detailed view of the energy and angular emission of fragments, which in the case of small molecules can be related to their geometry at the moment of dissociation. The spectral profiles for single, double and triple ion coincidences are analyzed in terms of molecular alignment,

Aims and objectives: The research presented investigates older people’s expectations of social assistive robots and telehealthcare systems. Methods: The empirical studies presented are based on fieldwork carried out before social assistive robots and a telehealthcare system were introduced into the domestic environment of older people. The research draws upon participatory design to explore older

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was twofold: (i) to evaluate the air levels of N-nitrosamines in the Swedish rubber industry and (ii) to estimate the risk of symptoms and changed levels of immunologic markers in relation to these levels.METHODS: Using adsorption tubes, we collected samples of N-nitrosamines in the breathing zone of 96 rubber workers and analyzed them with liquid chromatography t

During the stress response adrenal medullary chromaffin cells release catecholamines to the bloodstream. Voltage-activated calcium channels present in the cell membrane play a crucial role in this process. Although the electrophysiological and pharmacological properties of chromaffin cell calcium channels have been studied in detail, the molecular composition of these channels has not been defined

Iceland is known for its remote location and rough beauty. In their seclusion, the Icelanders have built an independent and peaceful country. They are undeniably a very unique nation, where police officers are not allowed to carry guns, except on special occasions. The society displays a relaxed attitude towards prisons, which are built without concrete walls around. However, faced with the immens

Antalet konstgjorda fotbollsplaner har ökat drastiskt sedan några år tillbaka och i Sverige skapas runt 100 nya konstgräsplaner varje år. På planer läggs det så kallat gummigranulat, mycket små plastbitar av gummikaraktär, vilka huvudsakligen är framställda av gamla bildäck. Vad många inte vet är att dessa små plastbitar kan spridas till våra vattendrag och hav. Där kan de ha en negativ påverkan pThe use of artificial football fields has increased drastically in Sweden since a few years back. Moreover, approximately hundred new fields are created each year. The infill material, consisting of rubber granulate made of old tires, are classified as the second largest source of micro-plastic dispersion to the oceans. This study aims to investigate the spread of the rubber granulate from two art

Information sprids och delas på bara några få sekunder i dagens moderna digitala samhälle. Detta påverkar även finansmarknaden som måste anpassa sig till det nya snabbrörliga samhället. Dagens digitala samhälle har skapat ett behov av regleringar av finansmarknaden och dessa lagar. Lagarna har ständigt förnyats och uppdaterats under de gångna åren. Ett av de viktiga målen med denna lagstiftning In the modern digital society information is spread and shared in just a few seconds. This has an effect on the financial market and the financial market has to adapt to the new fast-paced society. The transformation to a digital society creates a demand for regulations by law of the financial market. These regulations have existed since the start of the Swedish financial market in the 1980s and

This qualitative multiple case study has identified and examined two environmental sustainability innovations and their implications on the dairy value chain by utilising an abductive research approach. For this purpose, plant-based and cellular agriculture innovations in the U.S. dairy industry served as the case objects of the study and were analysed in terms of their disruptivness. Thus, plant-

In September of 2017, the Swedish government introduced a proposal for a new Consultation Act that would require the government and other state agencies to consult with the indigenous Sami people on issues of importance to them. The aim of the proposed law is to strengthen and promote the influence of the Sami people over their own affairs. This thesis analyses whether the proposal is in line with

Company-driven initiatives to collaborate with startups are increasingly arising as a reaction to the competitive landscape of today, influenced by globalization, digitalization, and an increased demand for open innovation practices. Startups constitute a major source of innovation and have the ability to overthrow current technologies and business models. Due to vast differences, and the compleme

This study contributes to the understanding of supply-side Training for Employment (TE) for the unemployed youth. The rates of youth unemployment in the European Unions have been matter of concern in the political agenda in the latest years, thus the European Employment Strategy has placed a particular emphasis in addressing this issue. As a result of the 2008 economic recession, the rates of yout