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In this research, both experimental test methods and computer models were used to characterise the thermal decomposition processes of selected upholstered furniture component materials, namely; flexible polyurethane foam and a range of different fabric coverings. This was first done at some of the smallest, simplest levels available, and how these materials were tested and the methods chosen to in
The success of social movements is highly dependent on their sustainability, as in their efforts to produce meaningful change, they inevitably encounter oppressive dominant forces. With the advent of the social media era, scholarly research on collective action has acquired an additional dimension, bringing the role of their communicative constitution to the forefront of discussions. However, a de
The cholesterol-lowering effect of oats has been studied for almost fifty years. The effect has hitherto essentially been associated with its content of β-glucans, the primary soluble dietary fibre in oats. Few studies have been published regarding the extent to which other oat components may contribute to the effect and how processing of oats may influence the cholesterol-lowering properties. The
There is widespread criticism that place marketing initiatives contribute mainly to the commodification of places (Lichrou and Panayiotopoulos, 2021; Kavaratizis et al., 2018; Kavaratzis et al., 2017) and to the commodification of the climate crisis (Fletcher 2019). Place marketing is seen here only as a strategic management tool to make a place recognisable in the minds of different stakeholders,
During the last three years Biofuel-Solution, a privately held Swedish entity, has developed an IP-portfolio around gas-phase glycerol conversion into medium-value chemicals. The targeted chemicals have large to very large markets, to allow for use by more than a fraction of the glycerol available today without impacting the cost of the product. The reason behind is that glycerol is a by-product f
This thesis has its focus on the interaction between competition law and the public procurement regime. Since the two systems have the same objective of the creation of an internal market it is vital that the two systems reach coherence. Despite this there is now express provision on the importance to fight anti competitive behaviour in the Public Sector Directive 2004/18/EC. On March 28th 2014 th
In 1999 the sixteen national environmental quality objectives were adopted by the Swedish parliament and in effort to achieve them the local perspective is considered essential. The environmental quality objectives should, according to the Swedish government, be a part of the municipality's overall policy on sustainable development and it is important that environmental aspects are taken into
Varje år omsätts 900 miljarder kronor i offentliga upphandlingar i Sverige. Dessvärre är det inte endast seriösa leverantörer som försöker vinna dessa kontrakt. På senare år har man i allt större utsträckning uppmärksammat att oseriösa och kriminella entreprenörer också konkurrerar på den offentliga marknaden. Problemet har beskrivits som systemhotande. Upphandlande myndigheter har beskrivits soEvery year, 900 billion SEK is spent on public procurement contracts. Un-fortunately, it is not only serious suppliers which try to win these contracts. In recent years, attention has been drawn to criminal entrepreneurs who compete on the public market. The problem has been described as a threat to the system. Procuring organizations have been described as central to preventing crim-inal entrep
Thesis purpose: The purpose of this study is to complement the literature of online customer-to-customer interaction and customer journey by exploring the different roles of online customer-to-customer interaction in the pre-purchase stage of buying high involvement products. Methodology: The research aims to detect the patterns and understand individual behaviour;therefore, a qualitative approach
The Swedish construction and real estate sector has a significant impact on the total national carbon dioxide emissions and energy consumption. Thus, energy efficient and environmentally friendly renovation measures of existing buildings in Sweden plays an important role in the attempt to mitigate the climate changes. By applying the methodology developed by the IEA EBC Annex 56, this study focuse
When a ground surface is subjected to a load an increased level of stress will occur in the soil underneath. As soil material has a limited permeability, an increased stress will initially result in an excess pore water pressure. However, as time passes the water will flow and the pore water pressure will even out. The relation between the total stress, the excess pore water pressure and the effec
Bygg- och fastighetsbranschen står idag för ungefär en femtedel av Sveriges nationella växthusgasutsläpp. Majoriteten av branschens ansträngningar för att minska utsläppen har fram tills idag fokuserat på hållbar nyproduktion och energieffektiviseringar av byggnader vilket har motiverats med att detta har ansetts vara de områden som ger upphov till störst utsläpp. Kommersiella byggnader genomgår dThe construction and real estate industry in Sweden accounts for approximately one-fifth of the country’s national greenhouse gas emissions. Until today, the majority of the industry’s efforts to reduce emissions have focused on sustainable construction of new buildings and energy efficiency improvements of existing buildings, which has been justified by the fact that these have been the areas con
In this thesis a system for tracking the fingers of a user using sound waves is developed. The proposed solution is to attach a small speaker to each finger and then have a number of microphones placed ad hoc around a computer monitor listening to the speakers. The system should then be able to track the positions of the fingers so that the coordinates can be mapped to the computer monitor and be
5G New Radio is the next generation of mobile networks and it comes with promises of ultra-high speeds, ultra-high reliability and ultra-low latency. This has posed a challenge for the engineers entrusted with the task of finding solutions which could fulfil the specification, and as a result, some promising areas have received increased attention in recent years. Signal processing techniques like
Från förbränning av industri- och hushållsavfall erhålls bland annat restprodukten slagg, vilket är bottenaskan från förbränningen. Varje år skapas stora volymer både i Sverige och i övriga Europa. Den naturliga processen karbonatisering, vilken involverar en reaktion mellan luftens koldioxid och kalcium i materialet, startar då slagg efter förbränning kommer i kontakt med luft. Karbonatiseringen From incineration of industrial- and household waste bottom ash is generated. A large volume of bottom ash is generated yearly in both Sweden and Europe. The natural carbonation process, which involves a reaction between carbon dioxide and calcium in the material, is initiated when the bottom ash reaches contact with air. The carbonation binds carbon dioxide to the bottom ash, decreases the pH and
I juli 2014 föreslog Europakommissionen ett cirkulärt ekonomipaket som skulle bidra till att göra EU mer resurseffektivt genom att recirkulera resurser in i det ekonomiska systemet. En cirkulär ekonomi syftar till att tillvarata värdefulla naturresurser samtidigt som man motverkar behovet av att extrahera nya. Det föreslagna paketet innehöll bland annat ändringar i avfallsdirektiven, höjda återvinIn order to become more resource efficient and circulate resources back into the economic system, the European Commission adapted a circular economy package in 2014. This is in line with the idea of a circular economy. This study investigates how the legislative proposal to review recycling and other waste-related targets in the EU, which was a part of the proposed circular economy package, would
This thesis work concerns studies of two rare-earth-ions, praseodymium (Pr3+) and europium (Eu3+), doped into a yttrium orthosilicate (Y2SiO5) crystal for applications in quantum computing. The nuclear spin levels of these ions can have very long coherence times, up to several hours. Coherence can also be effectively transferred between the optical and hyperfine levels. These systems, therefore, h
Near surface geophysics are gaining widespread use in major infrastructure projects with respect to geotechnical and engineering applications. The development of data acquisition, processing tools and interpretation methods have optimized survey production, reduced logistics costs and increase results reliability of seismic surveys during the last decades. However, the use of geophysical methods u
Introduction: The ability of species to colonize newly suitable habitats under rapid climate change can be constrained by migration processes, resulting in a shift of the leading edge lagging behind the ameliorating climate, i.e. migration lag. The importance and extent of such migration lags during the forest expansion after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) are still debated. Similarly, the relativ
IT ses ofta som en del av lösningen för att uppnå ett hållbart samhälle genom till exempel minskat resande, optimering av industri- och jordbruksprocesser, intelligenta elmätare och smarta hem. Något man sällan reflekterar över är att ITbranschen själv också bidrar till elanvändningen. Ett nytt fenomen inom IT-världen är molnet som ger möjlighet till som det verkar outtömliga resurser i form av laInformation and communication technology (ICT) is often seen as part of the solution for a sustainable society, for example through reduced travel, optimization of industrial and agricultural processes, smart meters and smart homes. However, something usually left unconsidered is the electricity consumption of ICT itself. A new phenomenon of the ICT industry is the Cloud that enables seemingly ine
