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Peak aerobic power in humans ((V) over dot(O2), peak) is markedly affected by inspired O-2 tension (F-IO2). The question to be answered in this study is what factor plays a major role in the limitation of muscle peak. (V) over dot(O2) in hypoxia: arterial O-2 partial pressure (P-a,(O2)) or O-2 content (C-a,C-O2)? Thus, cardiac output (dye dilution with Cardio-green), leg blood flow (thermodilution

Ethnic discrimination, like most other socially pathological practices, does not yield itself easily to legal regulation. On the one hand, it is often difficult to amass evidence and present proof of the unlawful nature of many practices, which are experienced as discriminatory by some citizens. On the other hand, the law is far from the exact, logically coherent, impartial, independent, and effec

Popular Abstract in Swedish Den globala energianvändningen är idag större än någonsin. Faktum är att den, i takt med världens ständiga utveckling, kommer att fortsätta öka många år framöver. Sättet som energi har producerats på historiskt används dessutom i allra högsta grad fortfarande idag och innebär daglig förbränning av stora mängder organiskt material. Detta resulterar i en ökad koncentratioThis dissertation covers studies of excited state processes in two types of solar energy materials: alternating polyfluorene polymers and their blends with fullerenes in the active layer of plastic solar cells, and bis-tridentate RuII-polypyridyl complexes to be used as sensitizer in systems for artificial photosynthesis. The polymer:fullerene blends were studied by transient absorption and time-

A method for simultaneous measurements of fluorescence lifetimes of two species along a line is described. The experimental setup is based on picosecond laser pulses from two tunable optical parametric generator/optical parametric amplifier systems together with a streak camera. With an appropriate optical time delay between the two laser pulses, whose wavelengths are tuned to excite two different

Background: Low-level processing and normalization of microarray data are most important steps in microarray analysis, which have profound impact on downstream analysis. Multiple methods have been suggested to date, but it is not clear which is the best. It is therefore important to further study the different normalization methods in detail and the nature of microarray data in general. Results: A

Popular Abstract in Swedish Ämnet för föreliggande avhandling är filosofisociologi. Filosofisociologin är en underavdelning till kunskapssociologin. Som framgår av namnet intresserar sig denna disciplin för det sociologiska studiet av filosofin. I och med att detta område är tämligen outforskat är denna avhandling i hög grad explorativ till sin karaktär. Betraktad som en helhet syftar avhandlingenThe subject matter of the present doctoral thesis is the sociology of philosophy, a sub-discipline within the general field of sociology. As the term clearly indicates, the sociology of philosophy concerns the sociological study of philosophy. As this domain is still, to some extent, virgin territory, my thesis is mainly explorative in nature. Viewed as a whole, it aims at investigating what a soc

Shippers can play a key role in addressing the environmental impact of transport by placing environmental demands on the transports they operate, or in the process of purchasing transport services. Several research studies of shippers’ environmental initiatives regarding transport have been carried out during the last few years. Research investigations have mapped out environmental actions impleme

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) was studied in laboratory scale experiments as well as in a full scale EBPR process. The studies were focused on carbon source transformations, the use of nitrate as an electron acceptor and characterisation of the microflora. A continuous anaerobic/aerobic laboratory system was operated on synthetic wastewater with acetate as sole carbon source. An ef

The orbit of a planet is surrounded by a chaotic zone wherein nearby particles' orbits are chaotic and unstable. It was shown by Wisdom that the chaos is driven by the overlapping of mean motion resonances which occurs within a distance (δa/a)chaos≈ 1.3μ^2/7 of the planet's orbit. However, the width of mean motion resonances grows with the particles' eccentricity, which will increase the width of

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling skall främst ses som ett bidrag till diskussionen om en framväxande ny "kulturaliserad" ekonomi. Avhandlingens syfte är att genom att analysera produktion och konsumtion av mejerivaror följa hur en ny ekonomi formas och tar plats i vardagen samt se vilka kulturella värderingar och föreställningar som skapas i denna process. Den teroetiska inspirationen This dissertation is to be regarded as a contribution to the discussion about a "cultural economy". The aim of the study is to gain a perspective as to how a new economy can be shaped and take its place in everyday life, as well as identify the cultural values and ideas created in the process, by analysing the production and consumption of dairy products. Theoretical inspiration is derived from st

The principal fate during litter decomposition and mineralization is rather well established only for a limited number of elements, mainly essential plant nutrients and a few potentially very toxic metals. Elements which occupy the majority of the positions in the periodical system seems almost unknown in this context. The objectives were, therefore to assess differences in the behavior of 58 mine

The expression and activities of constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in relation to insulin and glucagon secretory mechanisms were investigated in islets isolated from rats subjected to total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for 10 d. TPN is known to result in significantly increased levels of plasma lipids during the infusion time. In comparison with isl

Time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering (TR-SANS) was employed to observe temperature-induced phase transitions from the sponge (L-3 to the lamellar ( L (alpha) phase, and vice versa, in the water-oil (n-decane)-non-ionic surfactant (C12E5 system using both bulk and film contrast. Samples of different bilayer volume fractions phi and solvent viscosities eta were investigated applying various

Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the most common vector-borne disease in the northern hemisphere, and southern Sweden is a highly endemic area. In over 70% of the cases, LB is represented by the non-disseminated cutaneous form erythema migrans (EM). This thesis has its focus on EM from a primary health care perspective in southern Sweden, including aspects on epidemiology, the clinical picture, gender dif

Introduction Many kinds of footwear are used for various purposes in the workplace in Japan. Careful selection of footwear is needed to protect workers from coldness and to keep the performance of workers in cold workplace where employees have to work under -20℃. On the other hand, safety boots with high heat conductivity from foot to outside are needed for the workers in hot environments. But the

Much of biology happens at the protein-water interface, so all dynamical processes in this region are of fundamental importance. Local structural fluctuations in the hydration layer can be probed by 17O magnetic relaxation dispersion (MRD), which, at high frequencies, measures the integral of a biaxial rotational time correlation function (TCF) - the integral rotational correlation time. Numerous

Objective: To determine the role of inflammatory biomarkers at 2 years post–anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury to predict radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–defined knee OA at 5 years postinjury, with a secondary aim of estimating the concordance of inflammatory biomarkers assessed by MRI and synovial fluid (SF) analysis. Methods: We studied 113 patient