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A transition probability is essentially a likelihood of ’something random’ transitioning from one state of being to another. Though, more formally, for all intents and purposes, the ’something random’ is a sequence of random events, which is a stochastic process. There are many stochastic processes that are valuable to understand. Examples can be found in a multitude of topics, from finance to biol
In a rapidly changing business environment, organisations need to find new ways to manage unpredictability to survive. The COVID-19 pandemic has made it apparent that organisations across industries can be vulnerable and exposed to crisis. Therefore, this thesis aims to research how organisations can manage crises in a changing world and become more receptive to change, to provide valuable knowled
Digitaliseringen har medfört en revolution av marknadsföringsindustrin där personuppgifter kommit att utgöra en värdefull tillgång. Avancerad automatisk kartläggning och bearbetning av personuppgifter har gjort det möjligt för näringsidkare att skapa träffsäker riktad marknadsföring. Denna typ av personuppgiftsbehandling riskerar emellertid att kränka den enskildas rätt till integritet. Den 25 mDigitalisation has brought a revolution of the marketing industry in which personal data has become a valuable asset. Advanced automatic mapping and processing of personal data has enabled companies to create accurate targeted marketing. However, this type of personal data processing risks violating the individual’s right to privacy. On 25 May 2018 the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) e
Bolivia holds among the biggest reserves of lithium in the world. Lithium-ion batteries are essential components in electric vehicles, solar panels, and wind turbines, and are therefore crucial for a global transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy. Meanwhile, the extraction process of lithium can cause large environmental damage. Bolivia has previously failed to industrialize its lithium,
År 2018 införlivades Europeiska Unionens dataskyddsförordning i svensk rätt och dataskydd som ämne fick en allt större uppmärksamhet i media och i debatt. Dataskyddets framväxt började dock tidigare än så och är en viktig fråga för både enskild individ som för stat och företag. Tack vare en snabb teknisk utveckling och smarta algoritmer är personlig information en allt mer värdefull tillgång hos In 2018, the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (the GDPR) was incorporated into Swedish law, and data protection as such was increasingly noticed and given attention in the media. However, the emergence of data protection began a lot earlier than 2018 and is an important matter as for both individuals such as the state and companies. Through rapid technological development a
I samband med lantmäteriförrättningar där ersättningsbeloppet behöver framtas med hjälp av de värderingsmedel som Lantmäteriet eller utsedd värderingsman har att tillgå är det ytterst viktigt att ingångsparametrarna är korrekta. Då fastighetsregleringar där vinstfördelning blir aktuellt och där genomsnittsvärdeprincipen aktualiseras är det råtomtmarksvärdet som eftersöks. I värderingsutlåtandet reDuring land surveying operations, the amount of compensation needs to be calculated using the valuation means taken by the land surveyor or appointed appraiser. For this reason, it is important that input parameters are correct. As profit distribution is a pressing concern in relation to real estate regulations, raw land value is sought after. In this case, the responsible land surveyor reports fo
In January 2014 a reformed CFP came into force in the EU. The reformed policy tackled many of the policy field’s troubled areas and offered realistic solutions for elements of the policy which had been criticised for years by academics, stakeholders and even EU institutions. The purpose of this thesis is to explain how the reformed policy came about and in doing so it adopts a case study design wh
This report is the result of a Master Thesis project in Mechanical Engineering with Industrial Design at the Faculty of Engineering LTH at Lund University. The project was conducted in collaboration with ArjoHuntleigh AB, a company based in Malmö, Sweden. ArjoHuntleigh develops integrated healthcare solutions for people with low mobility and thereto related problems. The report describes the deve
When installing new research equipment at the synchrotron research laboratory MAX IV, a final positional accuracy of tens of microns is usually needed. To obtain that accuracy, initial reference points must be placed within 2 mm from the nominal target points in CAD, in a process referred to as bluelining. It is currently a manual process where points from a virtual environment are transferred to
The objective of this research was to explore and enhance the comprehension of the methods employed in social work concerning children and youth in flight. Additionally, it investigated the key considerations in social work with children and youth in flight to Sweden, as well as the specific measures implemented in the handling process for this particular demographic. The study delved into various
Upphovsrätten utmanas ständigt av nya teknologiska fenomen. På senare tid har den tekniska utvecklingen möjliggjort att alster som tidigare var beroende av mänskligt skapande kan åstadkommas genom mer eller mindre automatiserade processer. I denna kategori finner vi kamerafällor som förenklat kan beskrivas som kameror som antingen ställs in för att ta fotografier konstant eller vid ett visst tidsiCopyright law is constantly challenged by new technological phenomena. Recently, new technology has enabled the making of creations through more or less autonomous processes. Some of these creations were previously dependent on human creativity for its existence. Situated in this category are camera traps. Camera traps can somewhat simplified be explained as cameras that are either set to take pic
Organizational politicking (OP), otherwise known as workplace politics has for many decades been a deeply subverted topic in the management literature due to its widely negative credo. This study aims to investigate OP and its uncharted utilization within the communication profession drawing upon the empirical foundation of 15 qualitative in-depth interviews with communication practitioners in var
Denna fallstudie syftar till att utvinna fördjupad kunskap om mellanchefens komplexa och mångtydiga roll som meningsskapare och meningsgivare under en digitaliseringsförändring. Tidigare forskning har nämligen betonat mellanchefens roll som avgörande under en förändringsprocess. Detta eftersom mellancheferna innehar en roll som meningsskapare när de omvandlar övergripande organisationsinformation The purpose of this case study is to gain a deepened knowledge about the middle manager's complex and ambiguous role as sensemakers and sensegivers during a digital change. Former research has emphasized the middle manager’s role as crucial during a process of change. This because the middle managers hold a role as sensemakers when they convert the organizational information to their own units
The increase of shrub extent in arid and semi-arid environments is reducing the species richness all over the globe. This process of shrub encroachment was found to result from changes in anthropogenic land use, especially from too high or too low grazing intensity. The Great Alvar on the island Öland, Sweden, is a unique grassland ecosystem with a high species richness. Changes in land use patte
Title: Accelerating Service Innovation with Global Account Management – A Case Study at a Manufacturing MNC Author: Emma Malmström – Master of Science in Industrial Engineering and Management, em.malmstrom@gmail.com Tutors: Malin Olander Roese – PhD Researcher, Department of Design Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University and Susanna Bill – PhD Student, Department of Design Sciences, Fa
We investigated effects of concurrent cognitive task difficulty (n-back) on the regularity of whole-body movements during treadmill walking in women and men from 3 age groups (20-30, 60-70, and 70-80 years old). Using principal component analysis of individual gait patterns, we separated main (regular) from residual (irregular) components of whole-body motion. Proportion of residual variance (RV)
Tutors: Stefan U Klingberg, Director Strategic Planning, Scania CV AB Ulf Paulsson, Ph.D in Engineering, Department of Business Administration Malin Olander Roese, Department of Design Sciences, LTH Issue of study: Services dominate the economy of today why it becomes essential for companies to add value through services. Still many companies fail to do so. The main reason is existing knowledge
