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Background and goals: Comparing cancer incidence by migrant studies is one of the main approaches to generate hypotheses on the aetiology of cancer. Immigrant studies are most informative when cancer incidence data are available from both the Source and the host country. Methods: The age standardised incidence rate (ASR) and standardised incidence ratio (SIR) of cancers among the Iranian immigrant
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In failed total ankle replacements (TARs), fusion is often the procedure of preference; the outcome after exchanging prosthetic components is debated. We analyzed prosthetic survival, self-reported function, and patient satisfaction after component exchange. Patients and methods We identified patients in the Swedish Ankle Registry who underwent exchange of a tibial and/or t
BACKGROUND: A fracture in childhood is associated with low bone mineral density (BMD), but it is debated whether a fracture at growth also predicts low BMD in young adulthood. PURPOSE: To gender-specifically evaluate whether children with a fracture are at increased risk of low BMD in young adulthood. METHODS: Distal forearm BMD (g/cm(2) ) was measured with single photon absorptiometry (SPA) i
Children's blood-lead concentration (B-Pb) is well studied, but little is known about cadmium (B-Cd) and mercury (B-Hg), in particular for central Europe. Such information is necessary for risk assessment and management. Therefore, we here describe and compare B-Pb, B-Cd and B-Hg in children in six European, and three non-European cities, and identify determinants of these exposures. About 50 scho
Prior study children from a DTaP efficacy trial were recruited at ages 5 and 15 years to randomized booster trials addressing immunogenicity and reactogenicity; 475 preschool children received mixed or separate injections of a reduced antigen vaccine (Tdap5, Sanofi Pasteur MSD) and an inactivated polio vaccine, and 230 adolescents received the same or another booster vaccine (Tdap1, SSI, Denmark).
BACKGROUND: An increasing number of young patients are undergoing knee arthroplasties. Thus, the long-term risks of having a knee prosthesis must be evaluated. This study focuses on the potential carcinogenic effects of the prosthesis; it is a long-term follow-up of all patients in Sweden between 1975 and 2006. METHODS: The incidence of cancer in a total population of operated individuals was comp
Diabetic kidney disease, or diabetic nephropathy (DN), is a major complication of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) that requires dialysis treatment or kidney transplantation. In addition to the decrease in the quality of life, DN accounts for a large proportion of the excess mortality associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Whereas the degree of glycemia plays a pivo
Paleomagnetic results are presented for two Paleoproterozoic mafic dykes in the Taivalkoski area in northern Karelia Province of the Fennoscandian shield where, based on K-Ar data, the crust has seen minimal effects of the otherwise pervasive 1.8-1.9 Ga Svecofennian orogeny. Within this study a new U-Pb baddeleyite age of 2339 +/- 18 Ma has been determined for one of the E-W trending dykes (dyke A
As the correlation of bone mass from childhood to adulthood is unclear, we conducted a long-term prospective observational study to determine if a pediatric bone mass scan could predict adult bone mass. We measured cortical bone mineral content (BMC [g]), bone mineral density (BMD [g/cm(2)]), and bone width (cm) in the distal forearm by single photon absorptiometry in 120 boys and 94 girls with a
A wealth of biospecimen samples are stored in modern globally distributed biobanks. Biomedical researchers worldwide need to be able to combine the available resources to improve the power of large-scale studies. A prerequisite for this effort is to be able to search and access phenotypic, clinical and other information about samples that are currently stored at biobanks in an integrated manner. H
Background: Little is known of the association between thyroid hormones in the central nervous system and Alzheimer's disease (AD). We determined thyroid hormone levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in a well-defined homogeneous mono-center population. Methods: Fifty-nine consecutive patients under primary evaluation for cognitive impairment were recruited. The participants included patie
Background. Evidence-based guidelines are needed to guide effective long-term follow-up (LTFU) of childhood cancer survivors (CCS) at risk of late adverse effects (LAEs). We aimed to ascertain the use of LTFU guidelines throughout Europe, and seek views on the need for pan-European LTFU guidelines. Procedures. One expert clinician from each of 44 European countries was invited to participate in an
The diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma in serosal effusions continues to he a major challenge because some of its cytomorphological features closely resemble adenocarcinomas. Immunohistochemistry is a valuable tool in the differentiation of epithelioid mesothelioma from metastatic adenocarcinomas. However, no single antibody has demonstrated absolute sensitivity or specificity. In this study, we
Background. Islet allograft rejection in sensitized recipients is difficult to control by costimulation blockade using anti-CD154 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 immunoglobulin (CTLA4Ig). Because leukocyte function antigen (LFA) 1 is highly expressed on memory T cells, adding an LFA-1 blockade may inhibit memory T-cell activities. We examined the effects on islet allograft survival of triple
Introduction: Apolipoprotein M (apoM) is present in 5% of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles in plasma. It is a carrier of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), which is important for vascular barrier protection. The aim was to determine the plasma concentrations of apoM during sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and correlate them to levels of apolipoprotein A-I (apoA1), apol
Aims/hypothesis The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) lifestyle intervention successfully achieved its goal of increasing leisure physical activity levels. This current study examines whether the lifestyle intervention also changed time spent being sedentary and the impact of sedentary time on diabetes development in this cohort. Methods 3,232 DPP participants provided baseline data. Sedentary beh
Sexual dimorphism in various bone phenotypes, including bone mineral density (BMD), is widely observed; however, the extent to which genes explain these sex differences is unclear. To identify variants with different effects by sex, we examined gene-by-sex autosomal interactions genome-wide, and performed expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis and bioinformatics network analysis. We co
The present study examined plasma lipoprotein, lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipase, and insulin levels in men with borderline hypertension (diastolic blood pressure 85 to 94 mm Hg) compared with age-matched normotensive control subjects (diastolic blood pressure less than or equal to 80 mm Hg, n = 75 + 75). High-density lipoprotein (HDL) subclasses were determined in a subset (n = 45 + 45). While t
Dedicated clinics have been established for the early diagnosis and treatment of women at risk for inherited breast cancer, but the effects of such interventions are currently unproven. This second report on prospectively diagnosed inherited breast cancer from the European collaborating centres supports the previous conclusions and adds information on genetic heterogeneity and the effect of oophor
