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Background: Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of several complications of prematurity. The glutathione cycle is one of the most important intracellular antioxidant systems. The synthesis of glutathione may not be adequate in preterm neonates because of the low levels of cysteine available. The aim of this study was to evaluate cysteine and glutathione metabolism during the first w
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels decline during pregnancy in women chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). In order to understand further the underlying mechanisms, we prospectively followed 10 chronically infected women before, during and after pregnancy. ALT levels were analysed together with quantification of serum HCV-RNA using the branched DNA technology. As anticipated, the A
Eleven healthy women with regular menstrual cycles were examined with a combination of two-dimensional real-time ultrasound and color and spectral Doppler techniques on the 7th day after follicular rupture, and on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th days of menstrual bleeding. Both uterine arteries, arteries in the stroma and hila of both ovaries, in the wall of the largest follicle of the non-dominant ovar
The age and sex-specific incidence and prevalence of vertebral compression fractures were compared between the 1950s and 1980s in an urban population. In women over 80 years of age the incidence of symptomatic vertebral fractures has increased approximately four times; in elderly men even more. Mainly, low-energy trauma has caused these fractures. Thus, one clinical manifestation of osteoporosis--
The aim of the study was to quantify the workload on the upper extremity for fundamental work tasks during machine milking. Eleven milkers working in a loose-housing system with a milking parlour participated in the study. Muscle activity for the biceps and the forearm flexors, as well as positions and movements of the wrists were simultaneously measured by electromyography and electrogoniometry w
Nine young, healthy male volunteers were given ethanol (75 g/day) for 5 weeks. The ethanol was divided into five daily doses and taken so that blood ethanol levels never exceeded 0.04% (w/v). During the latter part of the ethanol intake period, there was a significant, transient increase of plasma triglyceride (TG) concentrations followed by reduction to normal levels. A three-fold increase of lip
BACKGROUND: Sevoflurane degrades during low-flow anaesthesia to compound A, and high carbon dioxide absorbent temperatures cause increased degradation. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if larger tidal volumes, without increasing alveolar ventilation, decrease the temperature in the carbon dioxide absorber during low- and minimal-flow sevoflurane anaesthesia. METHODS: Prospective,
Background: Multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings provide treatment recommendations based on available information and collective decision-making in teams with complementary professions, disciplines and skills. We aimed to map ancillary medical and nonmedical patient information during case presentations and case discussions in MDT meetings in cancer care. Methods: Through a nonparticipant, observ
The COVID-19 pandemic has provoked generalized uncertainty around the world, with health workers experiencing anxiety, depression, burnout, insomnia, and stress. Although the effects of the pandemic on mental health may change as it evolves, the majority of reports have been web-based, cross-sectional studies. We performed a study assessing acute stress in frontline healthworkers during two consec
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of the nitric oxide (NO) precursor L-arginine on the airway NO concentration in patients with preeclampsia.METHODS: NO was measured by a noninvasive chemiluminescence technique in air sampled directly from nasal and oral cavities during expiration before and during L-arginine infusion in 9 preeclamptic and 10 control pregnancies. Maternal blood pressure and hear
Objective. The intervertebral disc supports axial and shear forces generated during tasks such as lifting and carrying weights. The objective of this study was to determine the forces in the lumbar spine of workers carrying a bag on the head, on the shoulder and on the anterior part of the trunk. Methods. Kinematic measurements were recorded for 10 subjects carrying bags of 10, 20 and 25 kg on eac
During the last ice age, the Northern Hemisphere experienced a series of abrupt millennial-scale climatic changes linked to variations in the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and sea-ice extent. However, our understanding of their impacts on decadal-scale climate variability in central Europe has been limited by the lack of high-resolution continental archives. Here, we
This study investigates the drivers of water use efficiency (WUE), a key metric of water resources management, and its changes over eight regions across China from 1982 to 2015 based on gross primary production (GPP) and actual evapotranspiration (AET) datasets. The order of seasonal change of WUE from large to small is autumn, summer, spring and winter. The drivers include seven variables, air te
The dynamics of blue and green water partitioning under vegetation and climate change, as well as their different interactions during wet and dry periods, are poorly understood in the literature. We analyzed the impact of vegetation changes on blue water generation in a central Spanish Pyrenees basin undergoing intense afforestation. We found that vegetation change is a key driver of large decreas
nterspecific hybridization had been long recognized as a widespread evolutionary process in vascular plants. In the present review, we summarize knowledge concerning studies of interspecific hybridization in bryophytes before and after the advent of molecular methods. The available data indicate that hybridization is an important evolutionary phenomenon among bryophytes. evidence fo
Giant cell arteritis (GCA), a systemic large-vessel vasculitis, is a disease that has been treated with glucocorticoids since 1950. Over the years, several disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs have been evaluated as steroid-sparing agents with disappointing results. Tocilizumab, an interleukin-6 inhibitor, has in recent years been approved for the treatment of GCA. It remains uncertain whether t
Before they develop competent endothermy, mammals and birds are sensitive to fluctuating temperature. It follows that early life thermal environment can trigger changes to the ontogeny of thermoregulatory control. At the ecological level, we have incomplete knowledge of how such responses affect temperature tolerance later in life. In some cases, changes to pre- and postnatal temperature prime an
During free behaviors animals often experience lateral forces, such as collisions with obstacles or interactions with other animals. We studied postural reactions to lateral pulses of force (pushes) in the cat during standing and walking. During standing, a push applied to the hip region caused a lateral deviation of the caudal trunk, followed by a return to the initial position. The corrective hi
The Starmoen dune field is part of a larger aeolian system in the Jomna and Glomma river valleys in southeastern Norway. It is believed to have formed just after the last deglaciation in the area, but no absolute ages have been available to support this. Here, we present a set of quartz optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages from the aeolian sediments and the underlying glacifluvial deposits
