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This paper includes a brief description of some closely related ongoing research activities aiming at learning from failures in order to improve the resilience of the Swedish railway system. One of these activities includes the development of a method aiming at assessing the capability for restoring the service of the railway system after strains affecting its technical, and often highly interdepe

Most furniture produced in a temperate climate, such as in Europe, does not have a long service life in warm and humid conditions. This means it is difficult to purchase furniture from temperate climates for export to tropical countries. This report discusses the problems and gives recommendations on how to choose materials and types of furniture construction for humid conditions. Wood and wood

Base cation weathering (BCw) rate is one of the most influential yet difficult to estimate parameters in the calculation of critical acid loads of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) deposition for terrestrial systems. Only the clay correlation-substrate method, a simple empirical model, has been used for estimating BCw rates for forest ecosystems in the conterminous USA and may not be suitable for applic

This paper focuses on the use of egress models to assess the optimal strategy in the case of total evacuation in high-rise buildings. The model case study consists of two identical twin towers linked with two sky-bridges at different heights. Each tower is a 50-floor office building. The use of either horizontal or vertical egress components or a combination of them is simulated. The egress compon

Predicted responses of transpiration to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (eCO2) are highly variable amongst process-based models. To better understand and constrain this variability amongst models, we conducted an intercomparison of 11 ecosystem models applied to data from two forest free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiments at Duke University and Oak Ridge National Laboratory. We analysed

Abstract Question: Can satellite data be related to fine-scale species diversity and does the integrated use of field and satellite data provide information that can be used in the estimation of fine-scale species diversity in semi-natural grassland sites? Location: The Baltic Island of Oland (Sweden). Methods: Field work including the on-site description of 62 semi-natural grassland sites (repres

Performance based building (PBB) and design is closely connected to various needs and requirements: Performance levels need to be defined, test methods for verification of performance need to be developed, and reliable performance data are needed for materials, products, constructions, and different design solutions. In contrast to other building materials, PBB and thus service life prediction of

Looking back over 30 years of Swedish health care, professor Saltman examines structural changes in the Swedish health care sector. This is a very welcome contribution to the literature, and it makes good sense – institutional change is often a slow process, and it may take considerable time before the effects can be fully appreciated. Saltman’s paper provides a useful analytical overview of thre

Long-term records of environmental history at decadal to millennial time-scales enable an assessment of ecosystem variability and responses to past anthropogenic disturbances and are fundamental for the development of environmental management strategies. This study examines the local variability of land-use history in the South Swedish Uplands over the last 200 years based on pollen records from t

As the Nordic welfare states evolve – with ideologies that focus on an increased consumption of health services – citizens are required to be productive throughout their life course. And because fewer economic resources are being invested into basic health care, and there is a move to shift more responsibility onto the individual (patient), it is becoming essential to illuminate practices that sho

This paper discusses five major parameters in desalination, namely technology, raw-water, energy sources, cost and environmental effects. Both size and yield have grown rapidly in desalination plants due to high performance in technology developments in the last few years. Five different types of desalination technology are presented and bench-marked for long-term use: multistage flash evaporation

Most existing remote sensing-based evapotranspiration (ET) algorithms rely exclusively on polar-orbiting satellites with thermal infrared sensors, and therefore the resulting ET values represent only "instantaneous or snapshot" values. However, daily ET is more meaningful and useful in applications. In this study, daily ET estimates are obtained by combining data from the MODIS sensor aboard the p

Popular Abstract in Swedish Utbredningen av besvär som attribueras till elektrisk utrustning respektive kemikalielukter och andra odörer är ännu ej till fullo fastställd. Vidare saknas kunskap om eventuella bakomliggande faktorer för dessa besvärs uppkomst. Syftet med avhandlingen var att undersöka utbredningen av besvär som attribueras till elektriska faktorer, kemikalier och lukter, samt undersSelf-reported annoyance from electrical equipment has been in evidence since the mid-eighties, and the first reports of illness from everyday chemicals arose already in the 1960?s. However, the extent of the problem or the mechanisms behind the development of environmentally related annoyance has not yet been fully established. Increased vulnerability to stress has been suggested to be a possible

The transport of ions related to the penetration of chlorides into concrete has been studied in the field by drilling 100-mm concrete cores from a marine bridge column. A 4-year-old concrete column in Sweden was selected. The concrete was of high quality (i.e., frost- and sulfate-resistant, with a low-heat, low-alkali portland cement with a maximum water-cement ratio of 0.40) according to new Swed

Järnvägen utgör grunden för pendeltrafiken inom region Stockholm och störningar i järnvägstrafiken påverkar många resenärer. En vanlig orsak till störningar i järnvägstrafiken är att obehöriga personer vistas vid spåren. Mellan 2010-01-01 och 2015-05-18 har närmare 1100 händelser med obehöriga vid spår rapporterats i region Stockholm, varav drygt 80 fall resulterat i personpåkörningar med dödligt The railway constitutes the foundation of commuting in the region of Stockholm and disruptions in the railway traffic hence affects a lot of citizens. A common cause of disruptions is railroad trespassing and between 2010-01-01 and 2015-05-18 more than 1100 cases were reported in the region of Stockholm. The aim of this report is to map the grounds for railroad trespassing and to find measures to

The past decades has seen automation rapidly increasing in the railway industry, with the "perceived" motivations of faster services, economy, safety, and energy efficiency. However these motivations often obscures the fact that automation also create new burdens and complexities for the operators and maintainers (Bainbridge, 1983; Woods, 1996). Joint Cognitive Systems (JCS) (Woods &

The aim of this master's thesis is to examine how the architecture and interior design of The International Library in Stockholm affects the library use and the identification of the library as a multi-lingual place. The International Library is a library that is specialized in multi-lingual library services and collections. As a theoretical outset of the study serves the assumption that the i

Titel: Effekterna av finansiell teknologi på den svenska banksektorn - En studie om konkurrens och konkurrensstrategier. Författare: Douglas Wilsby, Industriell Ekonomi 2018, LTH; Knut Winström, Maskinteknik 2018, LTH Handledare: Ingela Elofsson, Institutionen för produktionsekonomi vid Lunds Tekniska Högskola Bakgrund: Den snabba teknologiska utvecklingen har potential att omvälva etablerade bTitel: Financial Technology's effect on the Swedish banking Industry - A study on competition and competitive strategies Authors: Douglas Wilsby, Industrial Engineering 2018, LTH; Knut Winström, Mechanical Engineering 2018, LTH Supervisor: Ingela Elofsson, Division of Production Management at Faculty of Engineering LTH Background: The rapid advancement of technology has the potential to dis

År 2015 antog FN:s länder en agenda för hållbar utveckling som idag kallas för Agenda 2030. Agendan omfattar 17 globala mål samt 169 delmål som skapades för att världen över kunna uppnå en ekonomisk, social samt ekologisk hållbarhet. Dessa mål bygger på millenniemålen där syftet är att slutföra det som inte uppnåddes. Begreppet hållbarhet kan definieras på olika sätt och kan därmed uppfattas olikaIn 2015, the UN countries adopted an agenda for sustainable development, it is today called the 2030 Agenda. The agenda includes 17 global goals and 169 targets that were created to achieve economic, social and ecological sustainability worldwide. These goals are based on the Millennium Development Goals, the purpose of which is to complete what was not achieved. The concept of sustainability can

As a country with a high proportion of population and land area in the world, China is in a stage of changing its economic development direction, from the previous extensive economic growth to the intensive economic growth. At the same time, due to the limited total amount of resources and limited environmental bearing capacity on the earth, certain constraints are found in terms of amount and str