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Purpose: The purpose of the study, upon which this paper is based, was to contribute an improved understanding of the vertical extension of buildings, by presenting a development process for its implementation in which the key aspects to consider when planning such extensions are highlighted. Design/methodology/approach: The approach is based on linking the diffusion of innovation together with ca
Exposure of cells to adverse environmental conditions invokes a genetically programmed series of events resulting in the induction of specific genes. The fluoroquinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin has recently been reported to upregulate interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene induction. In the present investigation, the effect of ciprofloxacin at supratherapeutic concentrations on immediate-early (<2 h) gene exp
Root channel serve as one major type of pathway for water flow in forest soil. In this paper, we combined a dye tracer experiment and a monolith method to distinguish the fine roots (0 < d ≤ 5 mm) that served as preferential water flow pathways in rocky mountainous areas. The characteristics of these types of roots among different soil layer and different root diameter were discussed. In this modi
The current climate change is calling for a drastic reduction of energy demand as well as of greenhouse gases. Besides this, cities also need to adapt to face the challenges related to climate change. Cities, with their complex urban texture and fabric, can be represented as a diverse ecosystem that does not have a clear and defined boundary. Multiple software tools that have been developed, in re
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a tropical fruit which is considered to be a source of dietary fiber (DF) and phenolic compounds (PCs). In this study, high DF mango-based fruit bars were developed from whole mango (peel and pulp). The bars were evaluated for their nutritional composition, the bioaccesibility of PCs during gastrointestinal digestion, and the PCs metabolites profile after in vitro co
A novel technique for CO2 removal using a precipitating amine absorption system is being studied for potential use in biogas upgrading and carbon capture and storage (CCS). The system uses the sterically hindered amine 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) mixed in different concentrations with the organic solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). In the current work, the physical solubility of CO2 in sol
Fluid anomalies were often considered as possible precursors before earthquakes. However, fluid properties at the surface can change for a variety of reasons, including environmental changes near the surface, the response of the superficial fluid system to loads associated with the mechanical nucleation of earthquake fractures, or as a result of transients in fluid flow from the depths. A key prob
While prior studies have largely addressed corporate social responsibility (CSR) at a macro or institutional level, its importance at the micro or individual level is to date underexplored, especially in the context of developing economies. Further, it is not clear from the studies in the extant literature how the role of females is more important in the context of environmental management as comp
Wheat straw is one of the main agricultural residues of interest for bioethanol production. This work examines conversion of steam-pretreated wheat straw (using SO2 as a catalyst) in a hybrid process consisting of a short enzymatic prehydrolysis step and a subsequent simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) step with a xylose-fermenting strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A successful
TiO2(B) crystals were found to be isomorphic with those of its precursor, K2Ti4O9. The former crystals had a large number of facetted voids, 3–30 nm, formed as a result of the removal of potassium and water in preceding hydrolysis and calcination steps, respectively. TiO2(B)-supported vanadium oxide catalysts with loadings in the range 0.25−10 theoretical layers were prepared by impregnation of th
Heterocyclic amines are mutagenic/carcinogenic compounds that are found in cooked meat and fish. These compounds are of concern in the aetiology of human cancer and therefore it is important to minimise their formation during cooking, and their intake. PhIP (2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]-pyridine, CAS no: 105650-23-5) is one heterocyclic amine that is found at high levels in cooked chick
Red blood cells may regulate tissue circulation and O-2 delivery by releasing the vasodilator ATP in response to hypoxia. When released extracellularly, ATP is rapidly degraded to ADP in the circulation by ectonucleotidases. In this study, we show that ADP acting on P2Y(13) receptors on red blood cells serves as a negative feedback pathway for the inhibition of ATP release. mRNA of the ADP recepto
Objective. To determine the plasma levels of the renal functional markers creatinine, urate, cystatin C, beta(2)-microglobulin and beta-trace protein in samples from the first, second, early third and late third trimesters of 398 healthy women with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies. Material and methods. Plasma samples from 58 healthy non-pregnant women served as controls. The creatinine levels
Cystatin F is a recently discovered type II cystatin expressed almost exclusively in immune cells. It is present intracellularly in lysosome-like vesicles, which suggests a potential role in regulating papain-like cathepsins involved in antigen presentation. Therefore, interactions of cystatin F with several of its potential targets, cathepsins F, K, V, S, H, X and C, were studied in vitro. Cystat
The cortical microtubules determine how cellulose microfibrils are deposited in the plant cell wall and are thus important for the control of cell expansion. To understand how microtubules can control microfibril deposition, the components that link the microtubules to the plasma membrane (PM) of plant cells must be isolated. To obtain information on the properties of the tubulin-membrane associat
Secretion of mucins and exudation of plasma are distinct processes of importance to innate immunity and inflammatory disease. Yet, little is known about their relation in human airways. The objective of the present study was to use the human nasal airway to determine mucinous secretion and plasma exudation in response to common challenge agents and mediators. Ten healthy volunteers were subjected
BACKGROUND: High doses of aspirin counteract the beneficial effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. It is not known how low-dose aspirin, with concomitant ACE-inhibitor treatment, affects renal function. AIM: To study renal effects of different doses of aspirin in elderly healthy volunteers who had an activated renin-angiotensin system. METHODS: Sixteen subjects each received tw
After the “Venus Transit Conference” that took place at the University of Tromsø from June 2 to June 3, 2012, participants were given the opportunity to either stay in Tromsø until the night of June 5–6, or to participate in a voyage to Finnmark, where the historical sites Vardø, Hammerfest, and the North Cape were to be visited. This voyage culminated in the observation of the 2012 transit of Ven
ABSTRACT: The microbiological composition of tobacco products was studied using culture and chemical analysis (of tobacco leaves) or chemical analysis only (tobacco and tobacco smoke). The chemical analyses utilized gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for determining 3-hydroxy fatty acids, muramic acid, and ergosterol as markers of respectively lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peptidoglycan, and
Efficient and suitable daily landfill cover is considered the most important aspect for minimising the negative impact of landfills on the local environment and population, especially in arid and semiarid countries. In this study, numerical model, HYDRUS-2D/3D, was used to investigate the impact of landfill cover type, cover thickness and antecedent water content on the quantity and the rate of co
