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Estimation of high-resolution terrestrial evapotranspiration (ET) from Landsat data is important in many climatic, hydrologic, and agricultural applications, as it can help bridging the gap between existing coarse-resolution ET products and point-based field measurements. However, there is large uncertainty among existing ET products from Landsat that limit their application. This study presents a
Reducing energy use, increasing the use of renewable energy sources, and adapting to stricter building regulations and certification systems – these are all examples of the challenges facing the building industry and society. Looking at the energy supply at a larger scale than a single building, like a neighborhood or a city, the stack effect of peak power demands can cause problems on the product
Background: There is very little research on the parent's experiences of having a child admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit. Identifying and describing ‘such experiences’ could facilitate better parental support from the paediatric intensive care team and help the parents manage a stressful situation. Aims: This study aimed to describe parents' experiences of having their child admitted t
In the past few decades, e-waste has emerged as one of the fastest growing and increasingly complex waste flows world-wide. Within e-waste, the life cycle of the mobile phone product system is particularly important because of: (1) the increasing quantities of mobile phones in this waste flow; and (2) the sustainability challenges associated with the emerging economies of reuse, refurbishment, and
Objective: To define the role of ultrasound (US) for the assessment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in clinical remission, including joint and tendon evaluation. Methods: A multicentre longitudinal study has been promoted by the US Study Group of the Italian Society for Rheumatology. 25 Italian centres participated, enrolling consecutive patients with RA in clinical remission. All patie
Statin drugs have been used for more than two decades to treat hypercholesterolemia and as cardio-preventive drugs, resulting in a marked decrease in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Statins halt hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis by inhibiting the rate-limiting enzyme in the mevalonate pathway, hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR). The mevalonate pathway regulates a h
Flexibility of the energy system plays a vital role when integrating non-dispatchable renewable energy technologies. However, flexibility of the energy system has been often discussed only focusing on the operation of the energy system. This study extends the flexibility concept considering both design and operation of the energy system. In order to achieve this, pseudo chronological scenarios use
4-Quinolones affect mammalian cellular functions in vitro in several ways. High concentrations inhibit DNA replication, but individual genes are perhaps sensitive to lower concentrations of drug. Inhibition of cell proliferation differs widely among 4-quinolones. Ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin are the most antiproliferative, inhibiting cell growth by -30% at 20 mg/L. Genotoxicity tests with 4-quino
This article outlines an experimental and numerical study on the pozzolanic interaction limits for carbonation of silica fume concretes. For this purpose cylinders of 8 types of High-Performance Concrete were cast. Carbonation and weight losses were studied parallel. An indirect method was used to measure carbonation; i.e. carbonation shrinkage was observed. The age of concrete at start of carbona
Wind tunnels, in which birds fly against an artificially generated air flow, have since long been used to evaluate aerodynamic properties of steady bird flight. A new generation of wind tunnels has also allowed the many processes associated with migratory flights to be studied in captivity. We review how wind tunnel studies of aerodynamics and migratory performance together have helped advancing o
The primary purpose of this work was to study and analyze the MSB's training with respect to building fire protection and propose changes in training. The area studied is operational aspects of building fire protection, ie how this protection affects the ability to implement effective response from fire service organizations. The main conclusions were that the training must distinguish between new
Large interannual variations in the measured growth rate of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2) originate primarily from fluctuations in carbon uptake by land ecosystems. It remains uncertain, however, to what extent temperature and water availability control the carbon balance of land ecosystems across spatial and temporal scales. Here we use empirical models based on eddy covariance data and proce
Popular Abstract in Swedish Inflammation is a protective response against injury or infection (the invading microbes or their toxins) with the aim being the removal of causal agent followed by the repair process. Without inflammation, infections would go unchecked and wounds would not heal. However, inflammation is like a double-edged sword. Though it is mainly a protective response, some times, iThe pro-inflammatory mediator, Leukotriene D4 (LTD4) is a product of arachidonic acid cascade and has been implicated in asthma and inflammatory bowel diseases. Prolonged inflammatory conditions like ulcerative colitis increases the risk for the development of cancer and the factors that induce the chronic immune response remain uncertain. In this context, in the present study, we examined if expo
The Mar del Plata International Water Conference provided the first global assessment of the water sector. It was found that in most developing countries the state of water supply and sanitation services were deplorable. Consequently, a call for concerted action to improve coverage and efficiency of the water supply and sanitation sector was launched. This call resulted in the International Water
A method for the determination of methyltetrahydrophthalic acid (MTHP acid), a metabolite of methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride (MTHPA) in human urine, was developed. The investigated MTHP acid was obtained by hydrolysis of a commercial MTHPA mixture, composed of three major isomers. These were synthesized and identified as 3-methyl-delta 4-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, 4-methyl-delta 4-tetrahydro
The use of molecular genetic technology for blood group typing is becoming routine procedure in many reference laboratories worldwide. A First International Workshop was organized on behalf of the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) and the International Council for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH). Thirty laboratories that provide a molecular diagnostic service participated in
Lipoprotein lipase activity in intact epididymal adipose tissue of fasted rats increased rapidly after treatment with insulin in vivo. In contrast, lipoprotein lipase activity in adipocytes isolated from the contralateral fat pads remained essentially unchanged. When adipocytes were incubated for 30 min at ambient temperature in vitro, about 2 times more lipoprotein lipase activity was found in th
Thirty-two Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands in southern Sweden were studied for a period of 12 years to evaluate acidification-induced chemical changes in the soil. Soil, at 20-30 cm depth in the mineral layer, was sampled three times during this period (1988, 1993 and 1999). The results show that pH(BaCl2) in mineral soil decreased by, on average
The wood moisture content influences the service life of wood structures since wood is susceptible to decay by rot fungi if it is exposed to high moisture contents during long periods of time. In rain exposed structures, the moisture content close to end grain surfaces and joints can be significantly higher than the average moisture content, but moisture content determinations at such locations re
