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Despite the importance of mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) in long-term soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) persistence, and the significant contribution of fungal necromass to this pool, the factors controlling the formation of fungal-derived MAOM remain unclear. This study investigated how fungal necromass chemistry, specifically melanin, interacts with soil mineral properties and microbial
This study inventories, classifies, and evaluates the hydrological heritage of North Macedonia, categorizing key features into four main groups: (1) river basins, including rivers and waterfalls; (2) springs, classified as karst and thermal; (3) natural lakes, subdivided into tectonic, glacial, landslide, denudation, and karst types; and (4) marshes. Recent measurements have shown a significant de
The effects of high hydrostatic pressure (up to 8 kbar) on bacteriochlorophyll a Qy electronic absorption bands of LH2 photosynthetic antenna complexes have been studied at ambient temperature. A variety of samples were studied, including intact membranes and isolated complexes from wild type and mutant photosynthetic bacteria Rhodobacter sphaeroides, Rhodopseudomonas acidophila, and Rhodospirillu
Lignocellulosic materials (e.g., straw and bran) are gaining interest as feedstocks for the manufacture of higher value products, recognizing xylooligosaccharides (XOS) as interesting prebiotic compounds, and putting enzymes converting xylooligosaccharides into focus. In this work, we are investigating a XOS converting enzyme from the probiotic bacterium Levilactobacillus brevis (formerly Lactobac
Aims Methadone and buprenorphine diversion by patients in opioid substitution treatment (OST) is a poorly understood phenomenon. We study the norms and attitudes on diversion among OST patients, including the role these norms and attitudes play as diversion risk factors. We also study whether perceived quality of care, social bonds to treatment staff, and deterrence can be associated with diversio
Background: Opioid substitution treatment (OST) with methadone or buprenorphine is the most effective means of treating opioid dependence. If these substances are used by people who are not undergoing OST, they can however carry serious risks. This article examines the lifetime prevalence, motives, and drug sources for such use, as well as geographical differences in these variables. Methods: Stru
Background: Viral infections, including COVID-19, are associated with an increased risk for type 1 diabetes (T1D), but potential underlying mechanisms remain unexplored. We evaluated whether COVID-19 or influenza A infection is characterized by differential DNA methylation at immune and T1D susceptibility genes in young children at risk for T1D. Methods: Epigenome-wide association analysis using t
Shear forces affect self-assembly processes ranging from crystallization to fiber formation. Here, the effect of mild agitation on amyloid fibril formation was explored for four peptides and investigated in detail for Aβ42, which is associated with Alzheimer's disease. To gain mechanistic insights into the effect of mild agitation, nonseeded and seeded aggregation reactions were set up at various
Introduction: The CVA24 antigenic variant is the causal agent of epidemics of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis that has prevailed to date. To study the transmission dynamics and evolution of this variant, we molecularly characterized Cuban isolates obtained in 5 epidemic periods between 1986 and 2009. Methods: Using the BEAST v1.8.4 program, it was performed the phylogenetic and phylodynamic analy
The design of port complexes is a process that requires considering geographical and economic features of the territory. It is necessary to aggregate the characteristics of coastal landscapes, seascapes, artificial elements, dangerous objects, etc. The experience of implementing such projects (for example, in Sabetta) suggests that all participants in the design process need highly precise geograp
Air pollution in urban environments exhibits large spatial and temporal variations due to high heterogeneous air flow and emissions. To address the complexity of local air pollutant dynamics, a comprehensive large-eddy simulation using the PALM model system v6.0 was conducted. The distribution of flow and vehicle emitted aerosol particles in a realistic urban environment in Malmö, Sweden, was stud
Changes in the net carbon sink of boreal forests constitute a major source of uncertainty in the future global carbon budget and, hence, climate change projections. The annual net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide (CO2) controlling the terrestrial carbon stock results from the small difference between respiratory CO2 release and the photosynthetic CO2 uptake by vegetation. The boreal forest, an
Many migratory animals use daylength, or photoperiod, to signal when to migrate and transition between annual phenological states. Whether animals use photoperiod as a temporal or spatial cue while migrating, however, requires additional empirical support. We used hatch-year dunnocks, Prunella modularis (a songbird), caught during their first migration in southern Sweden to elucidate whether migra
Background:Acute mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) is rarely suspected as primary diagnosis in emergency departments and still carries an in-hospital mortality rate of above 20%.Objectives:The aim of this study was to find differences in clinical and laboratory markers between patients with acute MVT and a control group of suspected but confirmed as not having any type of acute mesenteric ischaem
Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility of AI-assisted reading of prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in Organized Prostate cancer Testing (OPT). Methods: Retrospective cohort study including 57 men with elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels ≥3 µg/L that performed bi-parametric MRI in OPT. The results of a CE-marked deep learning (DL) algorithm for prostate MRI lesion detection wer
Objectives: This study examined long-term changes in body composition and bone mineral characteristics among male long-distance runners from a high-profile university team, focusing on concerns about impaired musculoskeletal development due to extreme leanness and weight management practices in this population. Methods: Trajectory analyses were performed using multilevel modeling of 608 dual-energ
Selectivity control of aniline oxidation and low reactant conversion in traditional synthesis methods are great challenges, and it is desirable to develop a green, low-cost and highly efficient catalytic route toward value-added products. Herein, an Rb-promoted Fe/CeO2 nanocatalyst was prepared to understand the effects of Rb-promoter on the catalytic performance for the selective oxidation of ani
