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Previous studies including various tumor types have shown different associations between tumor tissue levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 (PAI-2) and patient survival. High tumor tissue concentrations of PAI-2 have been associated with good prognosis in patients with breast cancer, small cell lung cancer and ovarian cancer, but with poor histologic differentiation and poor prognosis in pat

Highly resolved pollen spectra analysed from a 47cm peat monolith recovered from a mire in northern Sweden exhibit climatic sensitivity in the pollen accumulation rates (PAR) of boreal treeline species. Robust temporal control, afforded through multiple AMS radiocarbon dating of the post atomic bomb-test period (AD1961-AD2002), provides a unique opportunity to compare pollen accumulation rates wit

Isochromosome 7q - i(7q) - is seen in a wide variety of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors, often as a secondary change to a characteristic primary translocation. Despite its high frequency, nothing is known about the formation and the pathogenetic outcome of this abnormality. To address these issues, we performed a detailed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) investigation of four ac

The objective was to evaluate a screening procedure for detecting high-yield candidates for an OGTT, in a population of middle-aged Swedish women. A two-step screening procedure was performed in 6917 subjects. Women with a positive screening outcome, i.e. increased non-fasting capillary blood glucose, serum triglycerides, BMI, WHR, blood pressure or a family history of diabetes, pharmacological tr

Patients with osteoarthritis undergoing knee replacement have been reported to have an overall reduced mortality compared with that of the general population. This has been attributed to the selection of healthier patients for surgery. However, previous studies have had a maximum follow-up time of ten years. We have used information from the Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Register to study the mortalit

Hypoxia is common in many solid tumours, including breast cancer. Hypoxia triggers the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha), and HIF-1 alpha has been associated with an impaired prognosis in breast cancer and down-regulation of the oestrogen receptor (ER), potentially affecting the treatment efficiency of antioestrogens. The role of HIF-1 alpha regarding prognostic and trea

Insulin stimulation of adipocytes results in serine phosphorylation/activation of phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE 3B) and activation of a kinase that phosphorylates PDE 3B in vitro, key events in the antilipolytic action of this hormone. We have investigated the role for p70 S6 kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAP kinases), and protein kinase B (PKB) in the insulin signaling pathway leading to

PURPOSE: As a prelude to developing updated, evidence-based, international consensus recommendations for the management of hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA), the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) Treatment Guidelines Committee undertook a critical appraisal of published guidelines and a systematic review (SR) of more recent evidence for relevant therapies. METHODS: Sixteen exper

Introduction Manual interpretation of immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a subjective, time-consuming and variable process, with an inherent intra-observer and inter-observer variability. Automated image analysis approaches offer the possibility of developing rapid, uniform indicators of IHC staining. In the present article we describe the development of a novel approach for automatically quantifying o

Fungal laccases from Trametes hirsuta and Cerrena unicolor were immobilized on spectroscopic graphite electrodes using physical absorption. The laccase-modified graphite electrodes were mounted as the working electrodes into a wall jet flow through an electrochemical cell and then used for flow injection amperometric determination of different phenolic compounds of relevance both for environmental

The effect of a single washing of the urogenital tract with 0.5 g/l chlorhexidine was studied in 6 women in weeks 38-40 of pregnancy, among whom 5 were carriers of group B streptococci in urethra and/or cervix. The chlorhexidine concentrations varied between 25 and 200 mg/l during the first hour after washing in 5 of the 6 women, whereas one patient showed concentrations below 25 mg/l. With the ex

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) with its extensive forest cover is the biggest target country for the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) mechanism in Africa. Despite high levels of gender inequality in rural DRC, the impacts of REDD+ interventions on gender have not been sufficiently addressed. This study examines the gender dimension at two project sites i

Increased growth in early childhood has been suggested to increase the risk of type 1 diabetes. This study explored the relationship between weight or height and development of persistent islet autoimmunity and progression to type 1 diabetes during the first 4 years of life in 7,468 children at genetic risk for type 1 diabetes followed in Finland, Germany, Sweden, and the U.S. Growth data collecte

Objective: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are autoimmune diseases that have similar clinical and immunologic characteristics. To date, several shared SSc–RA genetic loci have been identified independently. The aim of the current study was to systematically search for new common SSc–RA loci through an interdisease meta–genome-wide association (meta-GWAS) strategy. Methods: T

Carrier and prenatal diagnosis based on the identification of the gene defect (direct diagnosis) increases the proportion of haemophilia B families that can be offered precise genetic counselling from the 50-60% attainable by DNA markers, to 100%, and they also provide information on the molecular biology of the disease. We propose that in order to maximize the practical and scientific benefits of

Becoming alone in old age can be a decisive life event that brings major changes depending on various causes as health status, financial resources, family situation, and available welfare services. This article discusses the situation of older people in Sweden who have transitioned from a two-person to single-person household in recent years and what impact this might have on their everyday lives.

Background. Sampling of submucosal lesions in the gastrointestinal tract through a flexible endoscope is a well-recognized clinical problem. One technique often used is endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration, but it does not provide solid tissue biopsies with preserved architecture for histopathological evaluation. To obtain solid tissue biopsies from submucosal lesions, we have const