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BackgroundStreptococcus pyogenes bacteremia is a severe condition with high mortality. Time to blood culture positivity (TTP) is known to predict the outcome in bacteremia with other pathogens. This study aimed to determine the association between TTP and outcome in S pyogenes bacteremia.MethodsThis retrospective observational cohort study comprised adults with S pyogenes bacteremia, identified thBackgroundStreptococcus pyogenes bacteremia is a severe condition with high mortality. Time to blood culture positivity (TTP) is known to predict the outcome in bacteremia with other pathogens. This study aimed to determine the association between TTP and outcome in S pyogenes bacteremia.MethodsThis retrospective observational cohort study comprised adults with S pyogenes bacteremia, identified th

As urban areas expand rapidly worldwide, wildlife is exposed to a wide range of novel environmental stressors, such as increased air pollution and artificial light at night. Birds in highly polluted and/or urbanized habitats have been found to have increased antioxidant protection, which is likely important to avoid accumulation of oxidative damage, which can have negative fitness consequences. YeAs urban areas expand rapidly worldwide, wildlife is exposed to a wide range of novel environmental stressors, such as increased air pollution and artificial light at night. Birds in highly polluted and/or urbanized habitats have been found to have increased antioxidant protection, which is likely important to avoid accumulation of oxidative damage, which can have negative fitness consequences. Ye

Introduction: Ethiopia has one of the largest number of adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV). As these adolescents reach adulthood they need to transfer from pediatric to adult-oriented clinics. Clear implementation guidelines for transition are lacking and factors associated with successful transition are inadequately investigated. Our objective was to describe the rate and age of transition from

De första levande organismerna uppstod på jorden när den funnits i 1,5 miljarder år. Under de följande tre miljarder åren bildades livet på jorden, och existerade i harmoni, med gravitation, kosmisk-strålning, elektriska och magnetiska fält och dess cyklisk-hemlighetsfulla variationer medan exponeringen från den naturlga mikrovågstrålningen var endast i storleksordningen 210-15 W/kg. Det var i deOur team of the clinical researchers in Lund, Sweden, found that electromagnetic radiation, such as those used in mobile communications, even at shallow power values, cause users’ blood albumin to leak through the blood-brain barrier “BBB” into the brain tissue. The BBB is supposed to protect the brain against unwanted and toxic molecules potentially present in the blood, to transfer to the brain

Kolinfosfolipider, en nyttig kostkomponent vid alkoholfettlever, NAFLD och NASH?Åke Nilsson, Rui-Dong DuanBakgrundKolin (trimetyletanolamin) ingår i fosfatidylkolin (PC) och sfingomyelin (SM) som finns i alla cellmembraner och i plasmalipoproteiner, och i acetylkolin. Även om levern bildar en del kolin klassas kolin som ett essentiellt näringsämne. Kolinbrist ger bl a fettlever, muskelsymptom och

Beliefs, expectations and values are often assumed to drive decisions about climate change adaptation. We tested hypotheses based on this assumption using survey responses from 508 European forest professionals in 10 countries. We used the survey results to identify communication needs and the decision strategies at play, and to develop guidelines on adequate communications about climate change adBeliefs, expectations and values are often assumed to drive decisions about climate change adaptation. We tested hypotheses based on this assumption using survey responses from 508 European forest professionals in 10 countries. We used the survey results to identify communication needs and the decision strategies at play, and to develop guidelines on adequate communications about climate change ad

The PET-CT imaging modality is based on positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography. Before a PET-CT examination, a radioactive tracer (also called a radiopharmaceutical) is intravenously injected into the patient. PET technology images the distribution of this tracer element by detecting the decay. In recent years, PET technology has been developed and improved in hardware and

The complement system is an essential effector of both innate and acquired immune responses. Due to its destructive potential, tight regulation is required. The contribution of complement has been associated with the pathogeneses in a wide range of diseases. In this thesis, aspects of complement activation were investigated in disorders characterized by thrombocytopenia.In papers I and II, clinicaThe complement system is an essential effector of both innate and acquired immune responses. Due to its destructive potential, tight regulation is required. The contribution of complement has been associated with the pathogeneses in a wide range of diseases. In this thesis, aspects of complement activation were investigated in disorders characterized by thrombocytopenia.In papers I and II, clinica

När bör det vara möjligt att genomföra markåtkomst och hur bör ett sådant system regleras rättsligt? Det är en av de frågor som avhandlingen besvarar.Markåtkomst handlar om vilka möjligheter en aktör har för att inskränka äganderätten till mark. Äganderätt generellt är viktig i samhället, den är nödvändig för att individer ska kunna handla med varandra och en fungerande marknadsekonomi. Mark har sPrivate property rights are a central and important institution in the society. These rights are a prerequisite for individuals to have incentives to invest in their properties, be able to trade with each other, economic growth and more. In some situations, private land ownership may have to be put aside for society to function adequately; since society needs to build housing, infrastructure and o

In the beginning of the public career of Jesus, Mark and Matthew both narrate how Jesus “calls” four fishermen to follow him which results in an immediate positive response (Mark 1:16–20/Matt 4:18–22). How is the reader to understand Jesus’ calling of disciples? Is Jesus making an authoritative command or does he merely invites the fishermen? What is Jesus doing when he “calls” his disciples? ThesIn the beginning of the public career of Jesus, Mark and Matthew both narrate how Jesus “calls” four fishermen to follow him which results in an immediate positive response (Mark 1:16–20/Matt 4:18–22). How is the reader to understand Jesus’ calling of disciples? Is Jesus making an authoritative command or does he merely invites the fishermen? What is Jesus doing when he “calls” his disciples? Thes

A key question for evidence-based medicine (EBM) is how best to model the way in which EBM should‘[integrate] individual clinical expertise and the best external evidence’. We argue that the formulations and models available in the literature today are modest variations on a common theme and face very similar problems when it comes to risk analysis, which is here understood as a decision procedure

AbstractPurpose: This study aims to examine the association between auditor and chief financial officer (CFO) gender and earnings quality, utilising data from Sweden. This study also aims to examine whether interactions between auditor and CFO, which may affect a firm’s earnings quality, are associated with theirgender. These aims are inspired by the notion that gender differences will be overrulePurposeThis study aims to examine the association between auditor and chief financial officer (CFO) gender and earnings quality, utilising data from Sweden. This study also aims to examine whether interactions between auditor and CFO, which may affect a firm’s earnings quality, are associated with their gender. These aims are inspired by the notion that gender differences will be overruled by the

Denna studie har syftat till att kartlägga allmänbefolkningens exponering för vissa luftburna cancerframkallande ämnen: bensen, 1,3-butadien, formaldehyd, kvävedioxid, kväveoxid samt ozon. Undersökningen genomfördes i Malmö under hösten 2014 och inkluderade totalt 42 slumpvis utvalda malmöbor i åldrarna 20-50 år. Samtliga mätningar, bortsett från formaldehyd, upprepades på 22 personer. Tjugo av de

Abstract: Background: Matrix Gla protein (MGP) is an extrahepatic protein that is dependent on glutamate carboxylation, a vitamin K-dependent process. Its dysfunctional form, desphosphouncarboxylated- MGP, has been associated with increased arterial calcification and stiffness. The aim of this study was to measure the degree of postoperative carboxylation of MGP and two other Gla proteins in patieBACKGROUND: Matrix Gla protein (MGP) is an extrahepatic protein that is dependent on glutamate carboxylation, a vitamin K-dependent process. Its dysfunctional form, desphospho-uncarboxylated-MGP, has been associated with increased arterial calcification and stiffness. The aim of this study was to measure the degree of postoperative carboxylation of MGP and two other Gla proteins in patients schedu

BACKGROUND: Dextran-70 is a more potent plasma volume expander than albumin but use has been hampered because of it's antithrombotic properties. However, also albumin has antithrombotic properties and little is known about relative effects of these two colloids on coagulation in-vivo when controlling for differences in efficacy as plasma volume expanders.AIM: Compare effects of dextran-70 and albu

Jordbruksmodernisering har dramatiskt ökat tillgången till mat på global nivå, men till ett högt pris för miljön. Idag efterlyser många ett ’paradigmskifte’ i jordbruket, även flera stora mainstream-institutioner. Med ett skifte till vad? Under senare år har det synts en ökande tilltro till agroekologi, ett alternativ som syftar till att förstå och bedriva jordbruk som komplexa agroekosystem. FrånAgricultural modernization has massively increased global food supply, but at a high environmental cost. Today many are calling for an agricultural ‘paradigm shift’, including several mainstream institutions. But to what? In recent years, agroecology has gained credence as an alternative approach that seeks to understand and manage farms as complex agroecosystems. From a development perspective, i

Vetenskapligt skrivande är ett viktigt moment i studentens grundutbildning. Skrivandet kräver att studenten ska ange källor på ett korrekt sätt i enlighet med en viss stil. Av erfarenhet konstateras att processen att hantera olika stilar kräver tid. Kritiskt tänkande är en grundläggande förutsättning inom vetenskapligt arbete och kräver i sig inte detaljkunskap kring olika stilars struktur. Dagens

Popular Abstract in Swedish Trä är ett konstruktionsmaterial med många positiva egenskaper, både avseende mekaniska och tekniska egenskaper och avseende det som ibland kallas mjuka egenskaper. Trä har generellt hög styrka i förhållande till sin vikt, det är ett naturligt förnybart material och det anses av många vara estetiskt tilltalande. Jämfört med andra vanliga konstruktionsmaterial som stål oThis thesis concerns experimental and theoretical work regarding perpendicular to grain fracture in wooden structural elements. The experimental part concerns strength tests of glulam beams with a hole. The theoretical parts concern development of two models for strength and fracture analysis, both based on fracture mechanics approaches, and their application to analysis of beams with a hole and d

Vi lever i en tid av snabb vetenskaplig och teknologisk utveckling. För 100 år sedan hade ingen kunnat drömma om de saker som helt har förändrat vår var- dag och hur vi uppfattar omvärlden; datorer, mobiltelefoner, Internet, rymdfart, våra upptäckter om universums barndom och avlägsna galaxer samt vår insyn i kvantfenomenens mikroskopiska värld. Idag står vi på tröskeln till en era formad av nanotWe live in a time of rapid scientific and technological advancement. People liv- ing 100 years ago could never dream of inventions like those having completely changed our way of life, and our perception of the world; computers, mobile phones, the Internet, space travel, unraveling the mysteries of the early universe and distant galaxies, and our insight into the microscopic world of quantum phe-

Widespread discrimination across much of sub-Saharan Africa against persons with same-sex sexuality, including recent attempts in Uganda to extend criminal sanctions against same-sex behavior, are likely to have profound effects on this group’s health, health care access, and well-being. Yet knowledge of the prevalence of same-sex sexuality in this region is scarce. This study aimed to systematicaWidespread discrimination across much of sub-Saharan Africa against persons with same-sex sexuality, including recent attempts in Uganda to extend criminal sanctions against same-sex behavior, are likely to have profound effects on this group’s health, health care access, and well-being. Yet knowledge of the prevalence of same-sex sexuality in this region is scarce. This study aimed to systematica