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Introduction A Swedish data-driven cluster study identified four distinct type 2 diabetes (T2D) clusters, based on age at diagnosis, body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level, and homeostatic model assessment 2 (HOMA2) estimates of insulin resistance and beta-cell function. A Danish study proposed three T2D phenotypes (insulinopenic, hyperinsulinemic, and classical) based on HOMA2 measur

Accelerated epigenetic ageing, a promising marker of disease risk, has been detected in peripheral blood cells of atherosclerotic patients, but evidence in the vascular wall is lacking. Understanding the trends of epigenetic ageing in the atheroma may provide insights into mechanisms of atherogenesis or identify targets for molecular therapy. We surveyed DNA methylation age in two human artery sam

BackgroundOvarian Cancer (OC) constitute the eighth most common cancers among women worldwide. Surgery remains the cornerstone in the management of OC. Intraoperative frozen section (FS) diagnosis is widely used to decide the surgery course. We aimed to assess the reliability of intraoperative FS diagnosis for treatment planning of patients with suspected OC from a multidisciplinary perspective. T

Background: Treatment of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is based on combination chemotherapy with cytarabine (ara-C) and anthracyclines. Five-year overall survival is below 30%, which has partly been attributed to cytarabine resistance. Preclinical data suggest that the addition of hydroxyurea potentiates cytarabine efficacy by increasing ara-C triphosphate (ara-CTP) levels through

Background/Purpose: There has been increasing interest in diet as a factor that may contribute to the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). There is limited and somewhat contradictory information on the impact of dairy products in this context. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between intake of various dairy products and the risk of RA in a nested case-control study.Me

Equivalence ratio measurements are of great importance for combustion systems. In this paper, femtosecond laser filament-triggered discharge plasma spectroscopy is proposed for one-dimensional equivalence ratio measurements of combustion flow fields. The optical emission spectra of femtosecond laser filament-triggered discharge plasma in methane-air premixed laminar flames were measured. The spect

The atomic layer deposition of HfO2on a TiO2(101) surface from tetrakis(dimethylamido)hafnium and water is investigated using a combination of in situ vacuum X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-resolved ambient pressure XPS. Precursor pressures and surface temperature are tuned as to map the space state of the deposition. In the initial stages of ALD, a reaction mechanism based on diss

BackgroundThe etiology of male breast cancer (MBC) is poorly understood. In particular, the extent to which the genetic basis of MBC differs from female breast cancer (FBC) is unknown. A previous genome-wide association study of MBC identified 2 predisposition loci for the disease, both of which were also associated with risk of FBC.MethodsWe performed genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism ge

In seasonally variable environments, phenotypic plasticity in phenology may be critical for adaptation to fluctuating environmental conditions. Using an 18-generation longitudinal dataset from natural damselfly populations, we show that phenology has strongly advanced. Individual fitness data suggest this is likely an adaptive response towards a temperature-dependent optimum. A laboratory experime

Gram-negative bacteria from the genus Acinetobacter are responsible for life-threating hospital-related infections such as pneumonia, septicemia, and meningitis, especially in immunocompromised patients. Worryingly, Acinetobacter have become multi- and extensively drug resistant (MDR/XDR) over the last few decades. The complement system is the first line of defense against microbes, thus it is hig

A new generation of octahedral iron(ii)-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes, employing different tridentate C^N^C ligands, has been designed and synthesized as earth-abundant photosensitizers for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and related solar energy conversion applications. This work introduces a linearly aligned push-pull design principle that reaches from the ligand having nitrogen-base

Background: Sense of coherence (SOC), comprising “comprehensibility”, “manageability” and “meaningfulness”, is important for successful adaptation in persons with late effects of polio (LEoP) and can be used as an estimate of the ability to cope with stressors. Coping behaviours are the actions a person performs to reduce stress and can be divided into problem-focused coping, emotion-focused copin

BackgroundThis is the first nationwide segregation analysis that aimed to determine whether familial venous thromboembolism (VTE) is attributable to inheritance and/or shared environment, and the possible mode of inheritance.Methods and ResultsThe Swedish Multi‐Generation Register was linked to the Swedish patient register for the period 1964 to 2015. Three generational families of Swedish‐born in

In order to understand species’ sensitivity to habitat change, we must correctly determine if a species is associated with a habitat or not, and if it is associated, its degree of specialization for that habitat. However, definitions of species’ habitat association and specialization are often static, categorical classifications that coarsely define species as either habitat specialists or general

Risk assessment is a useful tool to inform decision-making when it comes to ensuring the continuous operation of critical societal functions. It can be used on many levels within an organization or on multiple societal levels. One way to conduct risk assessments on a higher system level, such as on national level, is to aggregate risk information from lower-level assessments, e.g. from the regiona

BACKGROUND: Extensive gaming and the consequences thereof is frequently reported from child and adolescent psychiatry and school health care. The behavior is associated with compulsion, psychiatric and physical symptoms, impaired cognitive development and poorer school performance. This phenomenon has been described as an emergent health issue for men and little is known about its potential gender

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are typically characterized by transplantation into irradiated hosts in a highly perturbed microenvironment. Here, we show that selective and temporally controlled depletion of resident HSCs through genetic deletion of Gata2 constitutes efficient recipient conditioning for transplantation without irradiation. Strikingly, we achieved robust engraftment of donor HSCs

Removal of the native surface oxide from steel is an important initial step during vacuum brazing. Trace and alloying elements in steel, such as Mn, Si, and Ni, can diffuse to the surface and influence the deoxidation process. The detailed surface chemical composition and grain morphology of the common stainless-steel grade 316L is imaged and spectroscopically analyzed at several stages of in-vacu

Aggregated α-synuclein (α-syn) is the main constituent of Lewy bodies, which are a pathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Environmental factors are thought to be potential triggers capable of initiating the aggregation of the otherwise monomeric α-syn. Braak’s seminal work redirected attention to the intestine and recent reports of dysbiosis have highlighted the potential causative rol