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Virtual clinical trials (VCTs) can be used to evaluate and optimise medical imaging systems. VCTs are based on computer simulations of human anatomy, imaging modalities and image interpretation. OpenVCT is an open-source framework for conducting VCTs of medical imaging, with a particular focus on breast imaging. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the OpenVCT framework in two tasks involving dig
Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) is the major protein constituent of high-density lipoprotein particles, and as such is involved in cholesterol transport and activation of LCAT (the lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase). It may also form amyloidal deposits in the body, showing the multifaceted interactions of ApoA-I. In order to facilitate the study of ApoA-I in various systems, we have developed a pro
In their studies of collective exploitation of common-pool resources, Ostrom and other scholars have stressed the importance of sanctioning as an essential method for preventing overuse and, eventually, the collapse of commons. However, most of the available evidence is based on data covering a relatively small period in history, and thus does not inform us about the evolution of rules, including
Microscopy and particle-based simulations are both powerful techniques to study aggregated particulate matter such as colloidal gels. The data provided by these techniques often contains information on a wide array of length scales, but structural analysis methods typically focus on the local particle arrangement, even though the data also contains information about the particle network on the mes
Emotion regulation has been specifically linked to both non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and attempted suicide. It is also known that self-harm is disproportionally higher (30–68.4%) in forensic samples than in the general population, yet knowledge about the association between emotion regulation and self-harm in forensic settings is scarce. The purpose of this study was to describe emotion regulat
På uppdrag av Naturvårdsverket har avdelningen för Arbets- och miljömedicin vid Lunds Universitet utfört studie kring luftföroreningssituationen på förskolegårdar.Denna studie består av tre delar vara av en är en kunskapsinventering bland landets kommuner kring luftkvalitén på förskolebarns utemiljöer och effekter/strategier för att eventuellt förbättra detta. (sedan tidigare publicerad i denna ra
Focal non-convulsive status epilepticus (fNCSE) is a neurological condition characterized by a prolonged seizure that may lead to the development of epilepsy. Emerging experimental evidence implicates neuronal death, microglial activation and alterations in the excitatory and inhibitory synaptic balance as key features in the pathophysiology following fNCSE. We have previously reported alterations
The prevalence of mental ill-health is increasing among young people in many developed countries, raising concerns about their well-being. Experts have pointed to several potential contributing factors, including a heightened emphasis on educational achievement and performance evaluation, as well as shifting demands in the high-skilled job market. In this paper, we study the effect of introducing
Heterotopic mineralization entails pathological mineral formation inside soft tissues. In human tendons mineralization is often associated with tendinopathies, tendon weakness and pain. In Achilles tendons, mineralization is considered to occur through heterotopic ossification (HO) primarily in response to tendon pathologies. However, refined details regarding HO deposition and microstructure are
Introduction: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a complex disease that aggregates in families. Both acquired and genetic risk factors are important. Proper recognition and management of high-risk individuals are important. Areas covered: The genetic risk factors for VTE, the clinical consequences, and future perspectives are summarized. Classical thrombophilia i.e., factor V Leiden (rs6025), the pro
SF3B1 is the most mutated splicing factor (SF) in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs), which are clonal hematopoietic disorders with variable risk of leukemic transformation. Although tumorigenic SF3B1 mutations have been extensively characterized, the role of “non-mutated” wild-type SF3B1 in cancer remains largely unresolved. Here, we identify a conserved epitranscriptomic program that steers SF3B1
Purpose: To demonstrate the feasibility and accuracy of chemical shift–encoded imaging of the fatty acid composition (FAC) of human bone marrow adipose tissue at 7 T, and to determine suitable image-acquisition parameters using simulations. Methods: The noise performance of FAC estimation was investigated using simulations with a range of inter-echo time, and accuracy was assessed using a phantom
Time-resolved analysis of photon cross-correlation function g(2)(τ) is applied to photoluminescence (PL) of individual submicrometer size MAPbI3 perovskite crystals. Surprisingly, an antibunching effect in the long-living tail of PL is observed, while the prompt PL obeys the photon statistics typical for a classical emitter. We propose that antibunched photons from the PL decay tail originate from
Introduction: biomaterials combined with antibiotics are routinely used for the management of bone infections. After eluting high concentrations of antibiotics during the first week, sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics may lead to late repopulation of recalcitrant bacteria. Recent studies have shown that systemically given antibiotics like tetracycline and rifampicin (RIF) could seek and
Objectives Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour are associated with higher breast cancer risk in observational studies, but ascribing causality is difficult. Mendelian randomisation (MR) assesses causality by simulating randomised trial groups using genotype. We assessed whether lifelong physical activity or sedentary time, assessed using genotype, may be causally associated with breast can
Over the last 7 years, a multidimensional crisis in Venezuela has resulted in massive emigration. Over 7 million have fled the country, with more than 2.4 million seeking to settle in Colombia. Of these, as of 2021, more than 1 million were undocumented, but the situation has started to change with the implementation of an ambitious migrant regularisation scheme. Regularisation promises access to
Efficient heat dissipation that can minimize temperature increases in device is critical in realizing electrical injection lasers. High-thermal-conductivity diamonds are promising for overcoming heat dissipation limitations for perovskite lasers. In this study, we demonstrate a perovskite nanoplatelet laser on a diamond substrate that can efficiently dissipate heat generated during optical pumping
