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The interaction of the ruffle TiO2(110) surface with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in the pressure range from UHV to 1 mbar as well as the TEOS-based chemical vapor deposition of SiO2 on the TiO2(110) surface were monitored in real time using near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The experimental data and density functional theory calculations confirm the dissociative adsorptio
By combining in situ and ex situ transmission electron microscopy measurements, we examine the factors that control the morphology of "hybrid" nanowires that include group III-V and group IV materials. We focus on one materials pair, GaP/Si, for which we use a wide range of growth parameters. We show through video imaging that nanowire morphology depends on growth conditions, but that a general pa
Antimonide-based nanowires represent an important new class of material with great promise for both fundamental physics studies and various device applications. We report a comprehensive study on understanding the growth behaviour of GaxIn1-xSb nanowires on GaAs substrates using Au nanoparticles. First, the effect of growth parameters on the morphology and composition of GaxIn1-xSb nanowires is ex
We have investigated p-doping of InP nanowires using diethyl zinc. Two-terminal devices showed non-linear source-drain characteristics and p-type gate dependence. Electron beam induced current measurements were employed to determine minority carrier diffusion lengths. We used large-area tunnel diodes to demonstrate degenerate doping, showing peak current densities of up to 0.11 A/cm(2) and room te
In this work we have developed InAs nanowire templates, with designed zinc blende and wurtzite segments, for selective growth of radial GaSb heterostructures using metal organic vapor phase epitaxy. We find that the radial growth rate of GaSb is determined by the crystal phase of InAs, and that growth is suppressed on InAs segments with a pure wurtzite crystal phase. The morphology and the thickne
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have a predesigned molecular recognition capability that can be used to build robust chemical sensors. MIP-based chemical sensors allow label-free detection and are particularly interesting due to their simple operation. In this work we report the use of thiol-terminated MIP microspheres to construct surfaces for detection of a model organic analyte, nicotine,
Critical infrastructure systems must be both robust and resilient in order to ensure the functioning of society. To improve the performance of such systems, we often use risk and vulnerability analysis to find and address system weaknesses. A critical component of such analyses is the ability to accurately determine the negative consequences of various types of failures in the system. Numerous mat
BACKGROUND: Few large-scale studies have examined the association between sociodemographic factors and the probability of reaching the recommended levels of HbA1c and blood lipids in patients with type 2 diabetes. The aim was to investigate whether sociodemographic characteristics of type 2 diabetes patients affected the odds that they would reach recommended levels of blood lipids and HbA1c. METH
Previous studies have found associations between pediatric sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and socioeconomic status (SES), as well as a neighborhood-related disadvantage. This study analyzes the association among familial SES, parental occupation, and SDB in Swedish offspring.
Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a marker of cardiovascular risk. It is unclear whether measurement of mean common CIMT improves 10-year risk prediction of first-time myocardial infarction or stroke in individuals with elevated blood pressure. We performed an analysis among individuals with elevated blood pressure (ie, a systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg and a diastolic blood pressure 90 m
Insomnia and short and long sleep durations have all been linked to cardiovascular disease. Male gender and low socioeconomic status are also related to cardiovascular disease, but it is unclear whether these two factors modify the impact of poor sleep on cardiovascular disease incidence.
OBJECTIVE: To outline serum estradiol levels in perimenopausal women with stress, mixed or urge incontinence. We believe the majority of urgency symptoms in perimenopausal women to be caused by a pelvic floor dysfunction and a hypermobility of the bladder neck. If this is the case, there would be no difference in estradiol levels between the groups. STUDY DESIGN: Setting: University hospital. In t
The toll-like receptors, TLR5 and TLR7, have recently been proposed in asthma immunopathogenesis. While supporting data come from animal or in vitro studies, little is known about TLR5 and TLR7 expression in human asthmatic airways.
We report the observation of a thermoelectric power factor in InAs nanowires that exceeds that predicted by a single-band bulk model by up to an order of magnitude at temperatures below about 20 K. We attribute this enhancement effect not to the long-predicted 1D subband effects but to quantum-dot-like states that form in electrostatically nonuniform nanowires as a result of interference between p
The aim of this study was to test whether there is an association between elevation and cognitive function among elderly residents in rural mountainous areas. Data were collected in 2012 from a cross-sectional study conducted in Ohnan Town, which is located in a rural mountainous area in the southern part of Shimane Prefecture, Japan. Cognitive function was evaluated using CADi (Cognitive Assessme
Trace element incorporation into foraminiferal shells (tests) is governed by physical and chemical conditions of the surrounding marine environment, and therefore foraminiferal geochemistry provides a means of palaeo-oceanographic reconstructions. With the availability of high-spatial-resolution instrumentation with high precision, foraminiferal geochemistry has become a major research topic over
Prevalence estimates of ankylosing spondylitis vary considerably, and there are few nationwide estimates. The present study aimed to describe the national prevalence of clinically diagnosed ankylosing spondylitis in Sweden, stratified according to age, sex, geographical, and socio-economic factors, and according to subgroups with ankylosing spondylitis-related clinical manifestations and pharmacol
A small number of studies have explored children's perception of speakers' voice quality and its possible influence on language comprehension. The aim of this explorative study was to investigate the relationship between the examiner's voice quality, the child's performance on a digital version of a language comprehension test, the Test for Reception of Grammar (TROG-2), and two measures of cognit
Nanowire heterostructures are of special interest for band structure engineering due to an expanded range of defect-free material combinations. However, the higher degree of freedom in nanowire heterostructure growth comes at the expense of challenges related to nanowire-seed particle interactions, such as undesired composition, grading and kink formation. To better understand the mechanisms of ki
Measuring lifetime of photogenerated charges in semiconductor nanowires (NW) is important for understanding light-induced processes in these materials and is relevant for their photovoltaic and photodetector applications. In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of photogenerated charge carriers in a series of as-grown InP NW with different levels of sulfur (S) doping. We observe that photolumin
