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The aim of this article is to explore the social meaning and ordinary activities surrounding informal transactions in order to better understand the social context forming the premises and informing the meaning of corruption in Uzbekistan. A theoretically founded hypothesis is that informal transactions in Uzbek society reflect different cultural meanings than in the Western world. If this is true

BACKGROUND: HIV and other sexually transmitted infections are a growing problem in the military personnel of Africa, and information about this problem in Guinea-Bissau is lacking. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and trends of the HIV epidemics in the military forces of Guinea Bissau and to explore possible risk factors for HIV infection. METHODOLOGY: Repeated cross-sectio

In biotechnological industries, downstream processing is a bottleneck in the complete production process. There is a wish to reduce the costs and therefore one tries to operate separation technology in continuous mode. Conventional SMB is a continuous countercurrent separation process, which is based on mathematical modeling and simulation studies for separation of binary mixtures of components.

A bioanode with high current density and coulombic efficiency was developed by co-immobilization of pyranose dehydrogenase from Agaricus meleagris (AmPDH) with the dehydrogenase domain of cellobiose dehydrogenase from Corynascus thermophiles (recDHCtCDH) expressed recombinantly in Escherichia coli. The two enzymes were entrapped in Os-complex modified electrodeposition polymers (Os-EDPs) with spec

Objectives To investigate the possible impact of maternal obesity on ultrasonographic dating of pregnancy. Methods The Swedish Medical Birth Registry was used to identify 842 083 singleton pregnancies for which the estimated date of deliver), (EDD) according to last menstrual period (EDD-LMP) and according to ultrasound examination (EDD-US) and maternal body mass index (BMI) in early pregnancy wer

Objectives Gestational age (GA) is one of the most important obstetric factors and prediction of date of delivery is usually based on ultrasonographic fetal measurements. Our aim was to determine whether applying three different dating formulae to a cohort of extremely preterm infants influenced the estimation of their GA. Methods This was a study of 513 infants delivered before 27 gestational wee

Measurement of haemoglobin (Hb) adducts from acrylamide (AA) and its metabolite glycidamide (GA) is a possibility to improve the exposure assessment in epidemiological studies of AA intake from food. This study aims to clarify the reliability of Hb-adduct measurement from individual single samples for exposure assessment of dietary AA intake. The intra-individual variations of AA- and GA-adduct le

Background Different healthy food patterns may modify cardiometabolic risk. We investigated the effects of an isocaloric healthy Nordic diet on insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, blood pressure and inflammatory markers in people with metabolic syndrome. Methods We conducted a randomized dietary study lasting for 18-24weeks in individuals with features of metabolic syndrome (mean age 55years, BMI

Background: Altered androgen hormone homeostasis and androgen receptor (AR) activity have been implicated in ovarian carcinogenesis but the relationship between AR expression in ovarian cancer and clinical outcome remains unclear. Methods: In this study, the prognostic impact of AR expression was investigated using immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays from 154 incident cases of epithelial ov

MOS devices based on III-V semiconductors and thin high-k dielectric layers offer possibilities for improved transport properties. Here, we have studied the interface structure and chemical composition of realistic MOS gate stacks, consisting of a W or Pd metal film and a 6- or 12-nm-thick HfO2 layer deposited on InAs, with Hard X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy. In and As signals from InAs buried

Victimization in cyberspace has emerged as a new public health issue among the young. The main purpose of this study was to analyze associations between cyber victimization defined as cyber harassment (CH) (a somewhat broader concept than cyberbullying) and subjective health complaints (SHC), to study whether these associations were modified by parental/friend support (measured as communication),

The absorption of light is at the core of photovoltaic applications. For many nanostructure-based devices, an assessment of the absorption in the nanostructures is complicated by a thick, opaque substrate that prohibits transmission measurements. Here, we show how a single reflection measurement can be used for approximating the amount of light absorbed in vertical semiconductor nanowire arrays. (

Background: Research in recent decades increasingly indicates the importance of conditions in early life for health in adulthood. Only few studies have investigated socioeconomic conditions in both childhood and adulthood in relation to health testing the risk accumulation, critical period, and social mobility hypotheses within the same setting. This study investigates the associations between eco