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We use the cooling method and the lattice approximation to study the form and properties of the minimum action configurations for the SU(2) Yang-Mills theory on a space-time torous with twist k=m=(1, 1, 1).

In this paper the Poisson bracket algebra for the open massless relativistic string in the one-space-and one-time-dimensional case is considered. In order to characterize the orbit of the system the directrix function, i.e., the orbit of one of the endpoints of the string, is used. It turns out that the Poisson bracket algebra is of a very simple form in terms of the parameters of the directrix fu

In this study, a label-free, selective and sensitive microcontact imprinted capacitive biosensor was developed for the detection of Escherichia coli. The recognition of E. coli was successfully performed by this sensor prepared with the combination of microcontact imprinting method and capacitive biosensor technology. After preparation of bacterial stamps, microcontact-E. coli imprinted gold elect

Background Calcium imaging is based on the detection of minute signal changes in an image time-series encompassing pre- and post-stimuli. Depending on the function of the elicited response, change may be pronounced, as in the case of a genetically encoded calcium-reporter protein, or subtle, as is the case in a bath-applied dye system. Large datasets are thus often acquired and appraised only duri

This paper describes a heterogeneous competitive flow immunoassay with a high sample throughput which can be used for the screening of smaller analytes in various samples. The method is based on off-line incubation of the analyte (Ag), a fluorescent labelled tracer (Ag*) and the corresponding antibody (Ab). The separation of bound (Ab-Ag*) and free tracer (Ag*) is based on a size exclusion and rev

This paper proposes an IV-based panel unit root test that is general enough to accommodate general error serial and cross-section dependence, and a potentially nonlinear deterministic trend function. These allowances make the new test one of the most general around. It is also very simple to implement. Indeed, the IV statistic is asymptotically invariant to not only to all nuisance parameters char

The regulatory credit value adjustment (CVA) for an outstanding over-the-counter (OTC) derivative portfolio is computed based on the portfolio exposure over its lifetime. Usually, the future portfolio exposure is approximated using the Monte Carlo simulation, as the portfolio value can be driven by several market risk-factors. For derivatives, such as Bermudan swaptions, that do not have an analyt

This paper describes an American Monte Carlo approach for obtaining fast and accurate exercise policies for pricing of callable LIBOR Exotics (e.g., Bermudan swaptions) in the LIBOR market model using the Stochastic Grid Bundling Method (SGBM). SGBM is a bundling and regression based Monte Carlo method where the continuation value is projected onto a space where the distribution is known. We also

This paper presents a computationally efficient technique for the computation of exposure distributions at any future time under the risk-neutral and some observed real-world probability measures; these are needed for the computation of credit valuation adjustment (CVA) and potential future exposure (PFE). In particular,we present a valuation framework for Bermudan swaptions. The essential idea is

The review presented in this paper aims to describe the state-of-the art concerning methods for measuring societal resilience. A literature search is conducted where 36 recently published methods are selected. Then, various questions are explored concerning the methods, such as how resilience is operationalized, how data is collected, and about their normative foundation. Several methods exist wit

Theoretical and empirical studies prove the strong relationship between social factors and the individual linguistic attitudes. Different social categories, such as gender, age, education, profession and social status, are strongly related with the linguistic diversity of people’s everyday spoken and written interaction. In this paper, sociolinguistic studies addressed to gender differentiation ar

Drinking water disinfection byproducts have been associated with an increased risk for congenital defects including cardiac defects. Using Swedish health registers linked to information on municipal drinking water composition, individual data on drinking water characteristics were obtained for 58,669 women. Among the infants born, 753 had a cardiac defect. The risk for a cardiac defect was determi

Using exact dispersion relations for electromagnetic wave propagation in layered, periodic media, consisting of two phases, we derive explicit asymptotic solutions for small wavenumbers. These solutions are compared to the numerical solutions of the exact dispersion relations, and applications to homogenization problems are discussed. The results can be used as test cases for homogenization techni

A fragment-based development of 3C-triazol-1-yl-O-galactopyranosyl aldoximes led to the discovery of highly selective and high affinity (K(d) down to 11 microm) small monosaccharide based inhibitors of galectin-3. Galectin-7, 8 N-terminal CRD, and 9 N-terminal CRD bound the inhibitors only weakly. The galectin-3 selectivity was hypothesized to stem from interaction of the aldoxime moiety with a si

Previous studies have demonstrated that in admixed populations, West African ancestry is associated with an increased prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In the current study, the effect of Amerindian ancestry in SLE was examined in an admixed population in Argentina. The Argentine population is predominantly European with approximately 20% Amerindian admixture, and a very small (<2%