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Under seeing limited conditions very high resolution spectroscopy becomes very difficult for extremely large telescopes (ELTs). Using adaptive optics (AO) the stellar image size decreases proportional with the telescope diameter. This makes the spectrograph optics and hence its resolution independent of the telescope diameter. However AO for use with ELTs at visible wavelengths require deformable
We tested the hypothesis that populations in small habitat fragments remaining in agricultural landscapes are maintained by repeated immigration, using three grassland butterflies (Aphantopus hyperantus, Coenonympha pamphilus and Maniola jurtina). Transect counts in 12 matched sets of semi-natural pastures, and linear habitat elements proximate and isolated from the pastures showed that population
In a Northern country such as Sweden, energy use in the home may be reduced by 20% through changes in behaviour. However, little is known about how households respond to policy instruments encouraging such change or to what degree this in turn may affect the workload of women and men in such communities. The current study presents findings from interviews with 30 households in Sweden that particip
n instrument suitable for measuring the total water content both as small liquid droplets and as vapour in the air, in water mist total flooding extinguishing tests, is presented. The instrument consists of a heater and a Vaisala humidity meter. The Vaisala humidity meter is capable of measuring relative humidity at temperatures up to 180°C. The instrument has a measuring range of 0-600g/m3, a sam
The COST/IWA benchmark simulation model has been available for seven years. Its primary purpose has been to create a platform for control strategy benchmarking of activated sludge processes. The fact that the benchmark has resulted in more than 100 publications, not only in Europe but also worldwide, demonstrates the interest in such a tool within the research community In this paper, an extension
Profilins are small, widely expressed actin binding proteins, thought to be key regulators of actin dynamics in living cells. So far, three profilin-genes have been described: profilin-I (PFN1), profilin-II (PFN2) with two splice variants and the recently identified profilin-III (PFN3). Here we describe the genomic organization of the genes encoding human and mouse profilin-III. Both are single ex
Intensities of infrared absorption due to asymmetric stretching vibrations of interstitial oxygen atoms in Ge crystals enriched with O-16 and O-18 isotopes have been compared with oxygen concentrations determined by means of secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). For Ge samples with oxygen content less than 510(17) cm(-3) a good correlation has been found between the values of oxygen concentratio
A previously presented robust and fast diagnostic NOx model was modified into a predictive model. This was done by using simple yet physically based models for fuel injection, ignition delay, premixed heat release rate and diffusion combustion heat release rate. The model can be used both for traditional high-temperature combustion and for high-EGR, low-temperature combustion. It was possible
Modern IC-engines produce more power per displaced volume and operate at higher combustion pressures and temperatures. In addition, engine structure materials such as aluminium and magnesium alloys, which are more sensitive to thermal loads, are more commonly used. These two parameters might lead to problems such as thermal fatigue, knock, high fuel consumption and emissions, performance loss, bor
Using a generic electromagnetic model based on the spherical vector harmonics, we provide the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRB) for direction-on-arrival (DOA) and polarization estimation with arbitrary multiport antennas. By reciprocity, the receiving multiport antenna is characterized in terms of the transmission matrix from incident voltage waves to multipole coefficients of the outgoing spherical ve
The thesis concerns the characterization and evaluation of nonsteady heat transfer in building components and building enclosures. The major aim of the underlaying research has been to assemble and develop simplified calculation procedures for this purpose. To establish a simple model for heat balance calculations three main items are treated: simplification of the heat transfer operators, the des
A shift in business thinking from selling products to providing service solutions to customer needs is becoming noticeable. It is driven by increasing competition and the need to identify new profit centres for producers of mature products. This paper identifies a new product group that could be interesting from the product-service system perspective - baby prams. The study presents a new business
The potential risk for consumers to be exposed to banned azo dyes in leather is strong motivation for the development of an analytical test procedure with improved accuracy. The currently most accepted analytical procedure for this application, the German standard DIN 53316 method, suffers from major drawbacks including low accuracy and the usage of hazardous organic solvents. As a consequence, an
A method is presented for collecting data which yield a scale on which the entities are ranked in preference and all combinations of value distances are ranked (higher-ordered metric scale). The method is based on the concept of secondary preference, i.e. preference among preferences. This method is compared with a classical method based on 50–50 game comparison. Two empirical studies are presente
