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Ecotoxicological endpoints based on behavioral traits (e.g., predator avoidance, feeding, and locomotion) may be more sensitive and give more insights into patterns of sublethal toxicity than survivorship tests. In this study, the density-dependent grazing rate of Daphnia pulex pre-exposed to p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) (insecticide metabolite) and glyphosate (herbicide), via water

Objective: Serologic assays for Staphylococcus aureus antibodies were evaluated regarding their ability to differentiate between uncomplicated and complicated S. aureus bacteremia, between S. aureus and non-S. aureus bacteremia, and between S. aureus and non-S. aureus endocarditis. Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were performed to measure Ig G antibodies against seven S. altre

The novel sialyl donor methyl (ethyl 4,7,8,9-tetra-O-acetyl-5-N,N-diacetylamino-3,5-dideoxy-2-thio-3-thiophenyl-D-erythro-beta-L-gluco-non-2-ulopyranosid)onate was used for glycosylation of a lactosyl acceptor to give the GM3-trisaccharide derivative in 83% yield. Introduction of an azido group at C-9" of the GM3-trisaccharide derivative, transformation into a glycosyl acceptor, and sialylation wi

Transposon mutagenesis provides a fundamental tool for functional genomics. Here we present a non-species-specific, combined enhancer detection and binary expression system based on the transposable element piggyBac: For the different components of this insertional mutagenesis system, we used widely applicable transposons and distinguishable broad-range transformation markers, which should enable

Nitric oxide (NO) has concentration-dependent biphasic myocardial contractile effects. We tested the hypothesis, in isolated rat hearts, that NO cardiostimulation is primarily non-cGMP dependent. Infusion of 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1, 10(-5) M), which may participate in S-nitrosylation (S-NO) via peroxynitrite formation, increased the rate of left ventricular pressure rise (+dP/dt; 19 +/- 4%,

We have previously shown that protein kinase Cepsilon (PKCepsilon) induces neurite outgrowth via its regulatory domain and independently of its kinase activity. This study aimed at identifying mechanisms regulating PKCepsilon-mediated neurite induction. We show an increased association of PKCepsilon to the cytoskeleton during neuronal differentiation. Furthermore, neurite induction by overexpressi

A novel and facile preparation method for spherical molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) beads is presented. Two types of beads were synthesized and investigated: (i) silica-MIP composites were obtained by filling spherical, porous C-4-coated silica beads with print molecule and monomers followed by polymerisation; (ii) spherical molecularly imprinted polymer beads were acquired mirroring the silic

We report a flow-injection biosensor system with a capacitive transducer for assay and quality control of human immunoglobulin G (hIgG). The sensing platform is based on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of carboxylic acid terminated alkyl-thiols with covalently attached concanavalin A. The electrochemical characteristics of the sensor surface were assessed by cyclic voltammetry using a permeable r

The aggregating proteoglycans (aggrecan, versican, neurocan, and brevican) are important components of many extracellular matrices. Their N-terminal globular domain binds to hyaluronan, but the function of their C-terminal region containing a C-type lectin domain is less clear. We now report that a 90-kDa protein copurifies with recombinant lectin domains from aggrecan and versican, but not from t

This paper presents some improvements of the differential equation algorithm for transmission line protection. The improvements are: fault classification; new filtering; new algorithm for three-phase faults. Simulation results indicate a nominal operation time of 5-7 ms for three-phase faults and slightly higher for other fault types.

The binding of Helicobacter pylori to glycosphingolipids was examined by binding of 35S-labeled bacteria to glycosphingolipids on thin-layer chromatograms. In addition to previously reported binding specificities, a selective binding to a non-acid tetraglycosylceramide of human meconium was found. This H. pylori binding glycosphingolipid was isolated and, on the basis of mass spectrometry, proton

This study examined the role of P and type 1 fimbriae for neutrophil migration across Escherichia coli-infected uroepithelial cell layers in vitro and for neutrophil recruitment to the urinary tract in vivo. Recombinant E. coli K-12 strains differing in P or type 1 fimbrial expression were used to infect confluent epithelial layers on the underside of transwell inserts. Neutrophils were added to t

By utilizing flow-controlled PLL-g-PEG and PLL-g-PEGbiotin modification of predefined regions of a poly-(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) micro-fluidic device, with an intentionally chosen large (similar to 1 cm(2)) internal surface area, we report rapid (10 min), highly localized (6 x 10(-6) cm(2)), and specific surface-based protein capture from a sample volume (100 mu L) containing a low amount of prot

Drinking water disinfection byproducts have been associated with an increased risk for congenital defects including cardiac defects. Using Swedish health registers linked to information on municipal drinking water composition, individual data on drinking water characteristics were obtained for 58,669 women. Among the infants born, 753 had a cardiac defect. The risk for a cardiac defect was determi

Using exact dispersion relations for electromagnetic wave propagation in layered, periodic media, consisting of two phases, we derive explicit asymptotic solutions for small wavenumbers. These solutions are compared to the numerical solutions of the exact dispersion relations, and applications to homogenization problems are discussed. The results can be used as test cases for homogenization techni

A fragment-based development of 3C-triazol-1-yl-O-galactopyranosyl aldoximes led to the discovery of highly selective and high affinity (K(d) down to 11 microm) small monosaccharide based inhibitors of galectin-3. Galectin-7, 8 N-terminal CRD, and 9 N-terminal CRD bound the inhibitors only weakly. The galectin-3 selectivity was hypothesized to stem from interaction of the aldoxime moiety with a si

Previous studies have demonstrated that in admixed populations, West African ancestry is associated with an increased prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In the current study, the effect of Amerindian ancestry in SLE was examined in an admixed population in Argentina. The Argentine population is predominantly European with approximately 20% Amerindian admixture, and a very small (<2%

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Radiotherapy treatment planning algorithms continue to develop and current planning systems typically offer simpler, but faster, algorithms, which may be 2, 2.5 or 3D in modelling scatter, but which do not model electron transport (type a) and more accurate algorithms which aim to be fully 3D, i.e. which model 3D scatter and also model electron transport (type b). A range o

As a diagnostic of high-intensity laser interactions (> 10(19) W cm(-2)), the detection of radioactive isotopes is regularly used for the characterization of proton, neutron, ion, and photon beams. This involves sample removal from the interaction chamber and time consuming post shot analysis using NaI coincidence counting or Ge detectors. This letter describes the use of in situ detectors to meas