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The purpose of this dissertation is to compare the Master Nationality principle in four different countries, to establish how the principle is handled in these countries, and to find out the actual effect for the individuals with dual nationality in that country. For this purpose I will also aim to determine current international customary law and find out how it relates to the Hague Convention on

Abstract The aim of this research was to peruse the verdicts of custody disputes were violence against the mother has occurred. In 2005, a study by Barnombudsmannen presented a result that showed that 43 % of custody disputes were domestic violence occurred was convicted joint custody. The result leaded to a restriction of Swedish family law in 2006. This study therefor aims to examine how the cou

I november 2020 presenterades den statliga utredningen SOU 2020:60, Det skatterättsliga företrädaransvaret – en översyn. Reglerna om det skatterättsliga företrädaransvaret tillkom på 1960-talet. Sedan dess har bestämmelserna ändrats och utvecklats. Den nya statliga utredningen är ett led i detta utvecklingsarbete. Det skatterättsliga företrädaransvaret innebär att en företrädare för en juridisk pIn November 2020 the Swedish Government Official Report SOU 2020:60, The liability of a representative for taxes – an overview, was published. The rules about liability of a representative for taxes were created in the 1960s. Since then the rules have changed and developed. The new government report is a step in this development. The rules about liability of a representative for taxes means that

I svensk rätt gäller principen om fri bevisprövning. Principen innebär att domstolen fritt ska värdera den bevisning som presenteras under en rättegång. Det saknas i princip lagstadgade regler för hur bevisvärderingen ska utföras. I rättspraxis och lagförarbeten har dock vissa bevisvärderingsprinciper utvecklats. Dessa principer föreskriver bland annat att domstolen ska utföra bevisvärderingen ratIn Swedish law, the principle of free sifting of evidence applies. The principle means that the court freely should evaluate the evidence that is presented during a trial. In principle, there are no statutory rules that governs how the evaluation of evidence is to be carried out. However, in case law and in the legislative history some principles of evidence evaluation have emerged. These principl

Aggressiv skatteplanering har i takt med den digitala ekonomin blivit alltmer vanligt. På grund av multinationella företags globala natur har dessa en fördel i skattehänseenden genom att de kan flytta vinster mellan länder i syfte att betala mindre skatt. Både inom OECD och EU pågår ett ständigt arbete med att minska den aggressiva skatteplaneringen globalt. Genom BEPS-projektet har ett par verktyIn the more digital economy aggressive tax planning has become increasingly common. Due to their global nature, multinational corporations can move profits between countries in order to reduce their taxes. Both the OECD and the EU are continuously working to reduce the aggressive tax planning globally. Through the BEPS project several tools have been developed. One of these is country-by-country-r

Uppsatsen utgår från komplexiteten som råder kring förmögenhetsbrotten. Möjligheterna för brotten har utvecklats i och med utvecklingen av näringslivet samtidigt som osäkerhetsmarginalerna är stora i brottsstatistiken. Rekvisiten i brottet trolöshet mot huvudman har en särskilt komplicerad uppbyggnad och bedömningen är inte alltid glasklar. Missbruksrekvisitet utgör kärnan i det brottsliga handlanThe background of this thesis stems from the complexity surrounding property crimes. The possibilities for the crimes have developed with the development of the business sector, while the margins of uncertainty are large in the crime statistics. The necessary conditions in the crime of disloyalty to principal are particularly complex and the assessment is not always clear-cut. The requirement of a

Inadequate water infrastructural development and high costs of water are few of the many challenges that affect water access in Kibera. Consequently, many alternatives to piped water grew out of necessity to meet the needs of residents. The aim of this thesis is to examine the conditions that have led to poor water provision in Kibera and how transitions to improved water access can be achieved by

Denna kandidatuppsats undersöker en direkt aktion mot brännvinsbrännerier som genomfördes i Karlshamn, november 1853. Den arbetande befolkningen i staden var vid denna tid mycket upprörda över det faktum att de lokala brännvinsbrännerierna fick fortsätta att köpa upp och bränna spannmål och potatis, trots den ständigt ökande bristen på livsmedel. Genom att tillämpa den brittiske historiken E.P. ThThis thesis aims to investigate a case of worker’s direct action against distilleries of hard liquor (brännvin) in the southern Swedish town of Karlshamn, November 1853. Many people were angry because the distilleries were allowed to keep on distilling grains and potatoes despite the constantly increasing shortage of basic foodstuffs. By applying English historian E.P. Thompson’s theory of “the mo

Introduction Both M. Supraspinatus and M. Infraspinatus of the rotator cuff play a role in stabilizing the shoulder during movement. When rehabilitating shoulders after injury a wide range of tools are used to strengthen the shoulder, often including a pulley system or TheraBand. According to evidence, no tool does however stand out as the most optimal one to use. Purpose The purpose of this study

Bakgrund Handboll innehåller mycket kroppskontakt och riktningsförändringar i hög hastighet och med stora krafter. Baserat på sportens utformning är axelskador vanligt förekommande, både i form av akuta skador till följd av att spelare blir dragna i armen eller landar på armen, och överbelastningsskador från upprepade skott och passningar. Syftet med studien var att kartlägga och jämföra förekomst

Climate change is happening, right now. Its effects will become more pervasive in our daily lives, and it is part of our task as urban designers to explore how to adapt our cities and communities. One of the places which has been at the forefront of climate resilience from centuries until nowadays is the Netherlands, especially regarding water management, sea level rise and flooding. In fact, Ams

Introduction: This project is about in vitro assays of metabolic stability and metabolite identification during early drug discovery. Background: Predicting metabolic stability is as essential part of drug discovery. Several in vitro systems exist including microsomes, S9 fractions and hepatocytes. Currently, hepatocytes are not used at the company, but there is demand from clients and projects.

The purpose of the thesis is to describe and analyze, from a socio-legal perspective, how appellate courts create legitimacy for their decisions in custody cases concerning custody, residence, and visitation where the phenomenon of parental alienation occurs. Parental alienation is when a child is deliberately turned against one of their parents through manipulation or influence, often by the othe

Patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) show impaired health-related quality of life (HRQoL), an important target for therapeutic intervention. Impaired iron homeostasis may be one mechanism underlying the poor physical condition of CHF patients. This detailed subanalysis of the previously published FAIR-HF study evaluated baseline HRQoL in iron-deficient patients with CHF and the effect of intr

This study analyses the effects of thinning on stand transpiration in a typical mixed spruce and pine forest in the southern boreal zone. Studies of transpiration are important for models of water, energy and carbon exchange, and forest management, like thinning, would change those processes. Tree transpiration was measured by the tissue heat-balance sapflow technique, on a reference plot and a th

Hormone-mediated maternal effects play an important role in the formation of a differentiated phenotype. They have been shown to influence a wide array of offspring traits, both early in life and in adulthood. One important offspring trait that is under the influence of maternal androgens is the immune system. In birds, a growing number of studies show that yolk androgens modulate immune function

Five different low-Mach large eddy simulations are compared to the turbulent stratified flame experiments conducted at the Technical University of Darmstadt (TUD). The simulations were contributed by TUD, the Institute for Combustion Technology (ITV) at Aachen, Lund University (LUND), the EM2C laboratory at Ecole Centrale Paris, and the University of Duisburg-Essen (UDE). Combustion is modeled by

Background: Degraded extracellular matrix can stimulate the innate immune system via the Toll-Like Receptor-4 (TLR4). In the pancreas, syndecan-anchored heparan sulphate (HS) on the ductal epithelium can be cleaved off its protein cores by the proteases (trypsin and elastase) and potentially activate TLR4 signalling. Methods: To investigate this signalling event, a low sulphated HS (500 mu g/ml) w

Under 1900-talet såg världen omfattande lidande bland mänskligheten i flera länder, vilka kulminerade i folkmord och massakrer under 1990-talet. Ett sätt som identifierades för att få ett slut på grymma brott var humanitära interventioner. En kommission, The International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS), tillsattes år 2001 för att utreda begreppet. De presenterade i decembDuring the 20th century, the world saw humans suffering in many countries around the world. These sufferings ended in genocide and massacres during the 1990s. One way that was identified to end atrocity crimes was humanitarian interventions. A commission, The International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS), was appointed in 2001 to investigate the concept. They presented a n

I Sverige avlider över tusen personer varje år till följd av en fallskada och cirka 70 000 personer skadas såpass allvarligt att de behöver vård. Fallolyckor kostar Sverige 11.1 miljarder kronor per år och är en av de största utmaningarna för sjukvården och äldreomsorgen idag. Då risken att råka ut för en fallskada ökar med ålder samt att en stor del av befolkningen i Sverige beräknas nå pensionsåMore than a thousand people die each year in Sweden due to fall injuries and approximately 70,000 people injures themselves so seriously that they need care. Falling accidents cost Sweden 11.1 billion SEK a year and is one of the biggest challenges for healthcare and elderly care today. Since the risk of fall injuries increase with age and a large part of the population in Sweden is expected to re