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A method of growing high-quality epitaxial Ge layers on a Si(100) substrate is reported. In this method, a 0.8 mum Si0.1Ge0.9 layer was first grown. Due to the large lattice mismatch between this layer and the Si substrate, many dislocations form near the interface and in the lower part of the Si0.1Ge0.9 layer. A 0.8 mum Si0.05Ge0.95 layer and a 1.0 mum top Ge layer were subsequently grown on the
Abstract in UndeterminedVery large MIMO is a technique that potentially can offer large network capacities in multi-user scenarios where the users are equipped only with single antennas. In this paper we are investigating channel properties for a realistic, though somewhat extreme, outdoor base station scenario using a large array. We present measurement results using a 128 element linear array ba
We present an interactive, searchable expressed sequence tag database for the periwinkle snail Littorina saxatilis, an upcoming model species in evolutionary biology. The database is the result of a hybrid assembly between Sanger and 454 sequences, 1290 and 147 491 sequences respectively. Normalized and non-normalized cDNA was obtained from different ecotypes of L. saxatilis collected in the UK an
Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is one of the main aetiologies of childhood bacterial infections as well as exacerbations in COPD patients. Currently, no licensed NTHi vaccine exists. In the present study, we evaluated the potential of the conserved and ubiquitous surface protein Haemophilus Protein F (PF) as a vaccine candidate. Our results show that incubation of NTHi with anti-PF anti
To compare xylans from forestry with agricultural origins, hardwood xylan (birch) and cereal arabinoxylan (rye) were hydrolyzed using two variants of the xylanase RmXyn10A, full-length enzyme and catalytic module only, from Rhodothermus marinus . Cultivations of four selected bacterial species, using the xylooligosaccharide (XOS) containing hydrolysates as carbon source, showed selective growth of
This study explores marketing messages promoting sustainable transport and reported motivation to reduce private car use within different segments. A stated preference survey targeting a sample of 1300 residents in Sweden was conducted, and exploratory factor analysis was used to identify underlying dimensions of a set of 19 marketing messages. Self-efficacy and collective efficacy were defined asThis study explores marketing messages promoting sustainable transport and reported motivation to reduce private car use within different segments. A stated preference survey targeting a sample of 1300 residents in Sweden was conducted, and exploratory factor analysis was used to identify underlying dimensions of a set of 19 marketing messages. Self-efficacy and collective efficacy were defined as
Plasmodium parasites are present in a wide range of host species, some of which tend to be more susceptible than others, potentially as an outcome of evolved tolerance or resistance. Common starlings seem to cope with malaria infection while common crossbills are more susceptible to the same infections. That raises the question if the parasites rely on the same molecular mechanisms regardless of h
This special issue explores the extraordinary luminescence properties of metal halide perovskites. Metal halide perovskites have emerged at the forefront of next-generation, thin-film semiconductors for photovoltaic and light-emitting applications. These materials exhibit remarkable optoelectronic properties such as long charge carrier diffusion lengths and high radiative emission efficiencies, wh
Electrospinning can be used to mimic the architecture of an acellular nerve graft, combining microfibers for guidance, and pores for cellular infiltration. We made electrospun nerve guides, from polycaprolactone (PCL) or poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA), with aligned fibers along the insides of the channels and random fibers around them. We bridged a 10 mm rat sciatic nerve defect with the guides, and, i
Wearable eye trackers and other glasses move on the wearer’s face. Such slippage can cause large offsets in the reported gaze position, and significant data loss. How much slippage may be expected during natural behavior? Here we report on the movement of two eye trackers and two smart glasses on the wearer’s head, recorded using a motion capture setup while thirty-five participants performed ten
Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Naturbetesmarkerna minskade med 86,7% från 1927 till 1990. Denna minskning är alarmerande eftersom många idag hotade och sällsynta arter är beroende av dessa. En stor del av anledningen till detta är att staten ända in på 1980-talet i sin rådgivning danade för att dessa marker antingen skulle bearbetas med konstgödsel och ogräsbekämpning eller planteras med trädThe rural landscape of Sweden has changed rapidly during the 20:th century. Measurements from 1927 compared to those from 1990 show that the area of non managed pasture in Sweden has declined by 86.7 %. Since a lot of threatened and rare species are dependent of this kind of land, these figures are alarming. During the last 30-40 years non managed pasture has declined due to abandonment, tree plan
Humanity injects an almost incomprehensible 42 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into the atmosphere every year. The majority of this comes from burning fossil fuels, but a substantial portion, about 16%, arises from how we use the land. Most of these land-use emissions are caused by deforestation, particularly in the tropics.In order to slow climate change, the global community needs to redu
Background: Liposuction for International Society of Lymphology (ISL) late stage II or III limb lymphedema is an established surgical option to remove excessive adipose tissue deposition and has been performed in Australia since 2012 at the Australian Lymphoedema Education, Research and Treatment (ALERT) Program, Macquarie University.Patients and methods: Between May 2012 and May 2017, 72 patients
Why is theorizing important? What does it do? This note reflects on the broad question of what we do when we theorize, taking its starting point from the Greek notion of theoria. The argument is that theorizing as an uncertain journey, i.e. as a form of travelling along a path towards the unknown or unfamiliar, has unjustly fallen into disrepute. The notion of ‘theory’ is today primarily associate
Two electrotechnologies: pulsed electric fields (PEF) and moderate electric field (MEF) in combination with vacuum impregnation of glycerol as cryoprotectant were used to increase the freezing tolerance of rocket leaves. Rocket leaves were treated with PEF using a nominal field strength of 1200 V/cm or MEF at different combinations of voltage and frequency. Leaves were then immersed in a glycerol
Eight compounds were isolated from the water-soluble fraction of Wikstroemia indica (L.) C.A. Mey., including two new neolignans (isonitidanin-4-O-β-D-glucoside (3) and threo-citrusin B (6)), four known neolignans (1, 2, 4, and 5), along with two previously reported lignans (7 and 8). Spectral analysis (1D, 2D NMR, and HR-ESI-MS/MS) was used to identify their chemical structures. Except for compou
