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Bacterial endotoxin is a potent inflammatory antigen abundant in the human intestine. Endotoxins circulate in the blood at low concentrations in all healthy individuals. Elevated levels of circulatory endotoxins may cause inflammation with the development of chronic disease, either affecting metabolism, neurological disease, or resistance to viral and bacterial infections. The most important endot
This study adds to knowledge on place-based fear of crime. First, by proposing a method to coordinate and code unsafe locations from an open-ended question in a random sample survey among residents of Uppsala, Sweden. The method is performed through an automated script in R with manual work steps. Second, by identifying types of functional locations, e.g. traffic centres, city parks, green spaces
The gut and oral microbiome is altered in people living with HIV (PLWH). While antiretroviral treatment (ART) is pivotal in restoring immune function in PLWH, several studies have identified an association between specific antiretrovirals, particularly integrase inhibitors (INSTI), and weight gain. In our study, we explored the differences in the oral and gut microbiota of PLWH under different ART
Streptococcus pyogenes is an exclusively human pathogen that can provoke mild skin and throat infections but can also cause fatal septicemia. This gram-positive bacterium has developed several strategies to evade the human immune system, enabling S. pyogenes to survive in the host. These strategies include recruiting several human plasma proteins, such as the complement inhibitor, C4b-binding prot
The aim of this work is to study the performance of nanoporous carbon membrane for hydrogen recovery from off-gas streams. The study is based on a rigorous mathematical model which can predict the performance of nanoporous selective surface flow (SSF) carbon membrane. Basically, the developed model is based on two transport mechanisms: the dusty gas flow through porous media and the surface adsorp
Smart card data and survey data have different characteristics, which combined have the potential to enrich the total level of information as well as to reduce inherent biases in each dataset. This paper describes a fruitful procedure to use survey data from a smartphone application-based travel survey with prompted recall to validate data from smart card transactions in the same geographical area
Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines may elicit a hyporesponse under certain conditions. There is limited knowledge, however, on the type of specific antibody response in individuals with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). The aim of this study was to investigate the functional antibody response in patients with IPD caused by different serotypes. Pre-immune and convalescent sera from 40 patients
Immune tolerance induction (ITI) to eradicate an immune response against factor VIII (FVIII) has been used in hemophilia A (HA) with various success rates, costs, and treatment burden. The present study aimed to identify markers predictive of ITI success. Data were accrued from 237 patients with severe HA (FVIII level < 1%), history of persistent FVIII inhibitors ≥ 1 BU/mL and having performed ITI
Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) is increasingly seen as essential for mitigating climate change. In Global North countries like Denmark, Sweden and the UK, bioenergy carbon capture and storage (BECCS) projects have become a prominent component of national climate strategies. This perspective explores an emerging trend: the advancement of such projects through a co-financing model that combines state
INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted melanoma care worldwide, raising concerns about diagnosis and treatment delays.OBJECTIVES: To compare changes in incidence and prognostic factors of invasive cutaneous melanomas across two regions with contrasting COVID-19 infection control strategies.METHODS: A retrospective population-based registry study using the Swedish quality regis
Context: Levothyroxine (LT4) is the primary treatment of hypothyroidism. Despite adequate LT4 substitution some patients experience symptoms and the use of adjunct liothyronine (LT3) has increased. Several trials show no clear advantage of LT4 + LT3, and observational studies report conflicting results. Objective: We aimed to assess the relationship between initiation of LT3 treatment and psychiat
Energy supply is a critical societal function, where disruptions can quickly lead to serious consequences for populations, industries, and other societal functions. Ensuring resilience therefore requires not only the ability to withstand interruptions, but also the capacity to adapt and recover from crises. In Sweden, district heating plays a particularly important role, supplying heat to more tha
Vaccine candidates are typically identified through characterization of microbial surface antigens expressed under laboratory conditions. Here, we studied the major human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes and showed that Slr, a lipoprotein encoded by all strains, is not detected on the bacterial surface during growth in broth but nevertheless is targeted by protective antibodies in vivo, as demonstr
BackgroundBreathlessness is a common and distressing symptom across a wide range of medical conditions. Different aspects (dimensions) of breathlessness can be assessed using the Multidimensional Dyspnoea Profile (MDP) and Dyspnoea-12 (D12) questionnaires. We aimed to examine whether the order of completing MDP and D12 affects the breathlessness responses in people with cardiorespiratory disease.M
Background Recent decades have witnessed tangible improvements in childhood cancer survival. However, the prognosis for children with congenital heart disease (CHD), the most prevalent birth defect, remains unclear. Due to improved survival of CHD and childhood cancer, evaluating outcomes within this intersection is important for clinical practice. We aimed to assess mortality post-cancer diagnosi
