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This thesis has the general aim of exploring the role of public health and medical interventions between 1880 and 1945, targeting infectious diseases, in health and income improvements in Sweden throughout the twentieth century. It applies methods of causal inference to longitudinal individual-level data from both local and national datasets combined with multisource archival data on the implement
This paper presents the hardware realization of the factorization algorithm required in a MIMO OFDM receiver to make the detection and decoding a non-orthogonal space-time code. Requirements of a real scenario represented by the standard IEEE 802.11n for WLAN have been analyzed and exploited to draw out the specifications of the proposed implementation. A very high throughput hardware realization
In L.E. v. Greece, the European Court of Human Rights found that Greece failed to fulfill its positive obligations under art.4 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). The judgment can be assessed as a step forward for alleviating the scarcity of judicial engagement with art.4 of the ECHR (the right not to be subjected to slavery, servitude, forced labour and human trafficking). While ov
This paper discusses the ecological optimisation of municipal waste management systems. The purpose of this paper is to help local decision-makers in designing integrated waste management solutions that are ecologically optimal. The study uses life-cycle assessment (LCA) methodology to build a model and test different waste management scenarios in order to see whether the waste management hierarch
This paper investigates the potential of an infant intervention to improve life expectancy, contributing to emerging interest in the early life origins of chronic disease. We track individuals from birth to death, and are able to identify age and cause of death. The intervention was pioneered in Sweden in 1931–1933, and appears to have been pivotal in the emergence of universal infant care program
Background: Although studies have shown associations between neighbourhood quality and chronic disease outcomes, such associations are potentially confounded by the selection of different types of people into different neighbourhood environments. We sought to identify the causal effects of neighbourhood deprivation on type 2 diabetes risk, by comparing refugees in Sweden who were actively disperse
Context We have previously shown that high levels of atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP) are associated with decreased risk of future diabetes development; however, the mechanism behind this relationship is not fully understood.
Dietary carbohydrates have been implicated in relation to prostate cancer.
Context: Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are cleaved by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4); plasma activity of DPP-4 may be increased in obesity. The impact of this increase on incretin hormone secretion and metabolism is not known. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess incretin hormone secretion and degradation in lean and obese nondiabet
BACKGROUND: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) occurs in different molecular forms in serum: free PSA (fPSA) and complexed PSA (cPSA), the sum of which corresponds to total PSA (tPSA). In addition to tPSA, percent fPSA is widely used in the detection of prostate cancer. Free PSA, approximately 28 kDa, is eliminated by glomerular filtration. Previous data showed that men with end-stage renal dysfuncti
The Late Ordovician mass extinction (LOME) coincided with dramatic climate changes, but there are numerous ways in which these changes could have driven marine extinctions. We use a palaeobiogeographic database of rhynchonelliform brachiopods to examine the selectivity of Late Ordovician-Early Silurian genus extinctions and evaluate which extinction drivers are best supported by the data. The firs
Digitalization is considered key to meeting the challenges that face the healthcare sector. However, the results of digitalization initiatives have often been disappointing and the literature has provided a fragmented understanding of the mixed results. While previous studies have generally focused on the advantages and the barriers of adopting healthcare IS, little attention has been paid to unea
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a pleiotropic cytokine, hitherto mostly known to be involved in inflammatory responses and immunoregulation. The human tslp gene gives rise to two transcription and translation variants: a long form (lfTSLP) that is induced by inflammation, and a short, constitutively-expressed form (sfTSLP), that appears to be downregulated by inflammation. The TSLP forms ca
There are a number of interpretations of the concept “integration” in Product Development (PD). Different sources tend to use different terminologies for describing the same phenomenon of integration, or use the same term for different purposes. This paper strives to capture the essence of the concept of “integration” within a product development project by looking for what is integrated and how i
This paper describes the RTD project FRR (Friendly Rest Room) which is partly funded by the EU in the Quality of Life programme. The objective of the FRR project is (a) to create prototypes of more user friendly rest rooms for old persons and for persons
We propose a method for identifying and ranking critical components and sets of components in technical infrastructures. Criticality is defined as the vulnerability of the system to failure in a specific component, or set of components. The identification of critical components is increasingly difficult when considering multiple simultaneous failures, especially component failures with synergistic
