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Abstract in UndeterminedAlthough the diffusion of fertility behavior between different social strata in historical communities has received considerable attention in recent studies, the relationship between the diffusion of fertility behavior and the diffusion of people (migration) during the nineteenth century remains largely underexplored. Evidence from population registers compiled in the Histo

Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) has been regarded as a potential marker of biologic aging because it usually shortens in a predictable way with age. Recently, a growing interest in cardiovascular aging has led to a number of new epidemiologic studies investigating LTL in various disease conditions. Some methodological problems exist because there are different methods available to determine LTL, a

The complex life cycle of streptomycetes involves two distinct filamentous cell forms: the growing (or vegetative) hyphae and the reproductive (or aerial) hyphae, which differentiate into long chains of spores. Until recently, little was known about the signalling pathways that regulate the developmental transitions leading to sporulation. In this Review, we discuss important new insights into the

A subaxial (below C2) antero-posterior dislocation of the cervical spine was present in 18% of 407 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The dislocation was as common at only one level as at two more levels and was more severe if the height of the spinous process was reduced. Most of these same patients also had an atlanto-axial dislocation. At follow-up examinations, the frequency of a subaxial dis

To investigate whether interstitial cells (ICs) are present in the adult mouse bladder, and what transmitters characterize adjacent nerve fibres, as ICs in human and guinea-pig bladder lie close to nerve fibres but transmitters present in these nerves have not yet been reported. Sections of the bladder wall from 12 adult male mice (six each, aged 3-4 or 18-24 months) were incubated in carboxygenat

BACKGROUND: We have used hypothermia successfully in patients with acute respiratory failure after lung transplantation. However, we have observed that dopamine may cause a substantial decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP) in hypothermic subjects. Furthermore, a dopamine-induced increase in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) has been reported in the literature, and this could aggravate the inc

Excited states in the N = Z+1 nucleus Y-79 Were identified using the reaction Si-28(Fe-54, p2n)Y-79 at a 200 MeV beam energy and an experimental set up consisting of an array of Ge detectors and the Recoil Mass Spectrometer at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. With the help of additional gamma-gamma coincidence data obtained with Gammasphere, these gamma-rays were found to form a strongly-coupled rot

Novel hexahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines prepared by the addition of ethyl (1-benzylimidazolidin-2-ylidene)acetate (2) to the fungal metabolite podoscyphic acid (1a) and esters of 1a have been evaluated for their ability to inhibit the inducible TNF-α promoter activity in T cells. The methyl ester 3b is the most potent, inhibiting the TNF-α driven reporter gene expression in Jurkat T cells with an I

Objectives: The antibacterial activity of antimicrobial peptides is influenced by various factors such as salt content, pH and the presence of proteins. In this study, we explored the antibacterial action of the human cathelicidin LL-37 in physiologically relevant conditions, i.e. various human wound fluids, human plasma fractions and serum. Methods: Radial diffusion assays using Staphylococcus au

A natural anticoagulant pathway denoted the protein C system provides specific and efficient control of blood coagulation. Protein C is the key component of the system and circulates in the blood as a zymogen to an anticoagulant serine protease.Activation of protein C is achieved on the surface of endothelial cells by thrombin bound to the membrane protein thrombomodulin. The endothelial protein C

Previous studies have demonstrated that in admixed populations, West African ancestry is associated with an increased prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In the current study, the effect of Amerindian ancestry in SLE was examined in an admixed population in Argentina. The Argentine population is predominantly European with approximately 20% Amerindian admixture, and a very small (<2%

Purpose and method: A review article concerning orthopaedic treatment and rehabilitation of displaced femoral neck fractures, focusing on evidence-based knowledge. Results: Properly performed randomized controlled studies comparing internal fixation and primary arthroplasty provides the best basis to decide which method should be used. During the last decade, several such studies have been publish

The intensities of infrared absorption due to the asymmetric stretching vibrations of interstitial oxygen atoms in Ge crystals enriched with O-16 and O-18 isotopes have been compared with oxygen concentrations determined by means of secondary ion mass spectrometry. For Ge samples with oxygen content less than 5 x 10(17) cm(-3), a good correlation has been found between the values of oxygen concent

Pyrene chromophores carrying different rigid rod spacer groups (ethynylene, ethynylene-phenylene-ethynylene, and ethynylene-bicyclo[2.2.2]octylene-ethynylene) and bound to TiO2 nanostructured materials via an isophthalic acid (Ipa) anchor group have been investigated using quantum chemical calculations in order to elucidate structural and electronic properties of dye-sensitized semiconductor struc

Clinical trials of pharmaceuticals have been running in Russia for more than ten years and while it is an attractive location for research, it remains a largely untapped resource as researchers look to expand patient recruitment outside the Western world. While academic sites like Moscow, St Petersburg and Novosibirsk have all gained experience in clinical trials, smaller hospitals in peripheral

Psychiatric patients are significantly more often smokers than the general population, the only known exception being obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and catatonic schizophrenia. We have investigated nicotine use in subjects with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Ninety-five subjects (25 females and 70 males) consecutively diagnosed with any ASD and of normal intelligence were included in the s

Ezetimibe inhibits cholesterol absorption in the intestine. Sphingomyelin has strong interactions with cholesterol. We investigated the effects of ezetimibe on Sphingomyelinase (SMase) expression in intestine and liver. After feeding rats with ezetimibe (5 mg/kg per day) for 14 days, acid SMase activities in the liver and in the proximal part of small intestine were reduced by 34 and 25%, respecti