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CD44 is a polymorphic transmembrane glycoprotein that exists as multiple isoforms resulting from alternative splicing and posttranslational modifications. Enhanced expression of CD44 has been correlated to the tumorigenicity and metastatic behavior in different malignant tumors. In contrast, human neuroblastomas exhibit an inverse correlation between CD44 expression and tumor malignancy. To determ
This article investigates negotiations of librarians’ expertise in relation to information literacy at the micro-level, specifically in the domain of nursing education. A qualitative empirical framework is employed. The study draws on 18 semi-structured interviews, 16 with Swedish nursing students, one with a librarian and one with a nursing professor. Three themes on librarians’ expertise emerge
This paper gives a brief summary of computational methods in heat transfer equipment, such as CFD (computational fluid dynamics) methods for thermal problems (computational heat transfer), and turbulence modeling for single-phase applications in the design, research and development of heat exchangers. Details of the finite volume method and their extension to arbitrary geometries are presented. An
Soil communities in landscapes that are rapidly changing due to a range of anthropogenic processes can be regarded as highly transient systems where interactions between competing species or trophic levels may be seriously disrupted. In disturbed communities dispersal in space and time has a role in ensuring continuity of community function. Stable communities, in undisturbed systems, are more dep
This report describes the ascertainment of Parkinson disease (PD) in all individuals aged 50 years or older (49,814 individuals) from the Swedish Twin Registry. In phase one of the study, all twins were screened for PD using telephone interviews, with a response rate of 72.7%. In phase two, twins with suspected PD were re-contacted to exclude anyone from follow-up who reported parkinsonian symptom
Potentially high human exposures to nanometer sized airborne particles occur due to welding and other thermal processes in industrial environments. Detailed field measurements of physical and chemical particle characteristics were performed in three work-shops in Sweden. Measurements were performed both in the plume 5-20 cm above the welding point and in the background air (more than 5 m away from
The implementation of the Biofuels Directive (2003/30/EC) in 25 member states is assessed here. Implementation problems are identified and analysed for the purpose of suggesting a way forward for biofuels policy in the European Union. Three main patterns are observed: effective implementation, formal compliance and weak implementation. Problems encountered in the policy process are both of a pract
The targeting mechanisms for granule proteins in hematopoietic cells are largely unknown. Aggregation is believed to be important for protein sorting-for-entry and sorting-by-retention in endocrine and neuroendocrine cells. We asked whether artificially induced multimerization/aggregation of chimeric proteins could affect their sorting in hematopoietic cells. A system was used that permits ligand-
The mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) is considered to be an important mediator of apoptosis and necrosis, and is specifically blocked by cyclosporin A (CsA). CsA has been shown to exert a potent neuroprotective action in vivo when allowed to cross the blood–brain barrier in various animal models of acute neurological insults and neurodegenerative disease. The neuroprotective effect of C
We have studied the electrical properties of cement mortars in the frequency range 10-3 to 107 Hz. The bulk d.c. conductivity was distinguished from electrode polarization effects at low frequencies as well as from a frequency dispersion at high frequencies. The bulk conductivity displays a dramatic variation with the water content of the samples. A percolation threshold can be seen at very low wa
We present processing technology and characterization results for InP/GaInAs two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) three-terminal ballistic junction (TBJ) devices manufactured using nanoimprint lithography (NIL). To transfer sub-100 nm features into a high-mobility InP-based 2DEG material, we used SiO2/Si stamps made using electron beam lithography and reactive ion etching. After NIL, the resist res
The influence of a poly(styrene-graft-ethylene oxide) (P(S-g-EO)) copolymer on poly(2,6-dimethyl-p-phenylene oxide)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PPO/PMMA) blends was studied by a number of different techniques in order to characterize the properties of the interphase. Scanning electron microscopy shows that the copolymer reduces the dispersed phase size, and dynamic mechanical spectroscopy (DMS) rev
Background. To determine the presence of Helicobacter species in the liver biopsy specimens from children with various chronic liver diseases as data in adult literature suggests a possible role of these bacteria in their pathogenesis.Materials and methods. Paraffin sections of 61 liver biopsies of pediatric patients with miscellaneous diseases and autopsy liver tissue from 10 control subjects wit
A prospective longitudinal investigation of spontaneous cephalic version from breech presentation in the last trimester is reported. All pregnancies were assessed with ultrasound in the 32nd week of gestation, and were thereafter checked weekly. Of the 310 singleton breech presentations identified at 32 weeks, spontaneous cephalic version occurred in 177 (57%) while breech presentation persisted i
Lipolysis in adipocytes governs the release of fatty acids for the supply of energy to various tissues of the body. This reaction is mediated by hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), a cytosolic enzyme, and perilipin, which coats the lipid droplet surface in adipocytes. Both HSL and perilipin are substrates for polyphosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA), and phosphorylation of perilipin is required t
