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Primary immune thrombocytopenia is an autoimmune disease associated with a reduced peripheral blood platelet count. The phenotype is variable with some patients suffering no bleeding whilst others have severe bleeding which may be fatal. Variability in clinical behaviour and treatment responses reflects its complex underlying pathophysiology. Historically the management has relied heavily on immun
A number of field techniques were assessed on their reliability for estimating vegetation cover in Australian rangelands. The field sampling was undertaken using visual estimation, line intercepts, a crown cover model, and images acquired from a digital camera. The results from these methods were compared and analysed. The data obtained from these differing methods agree with each other in relativ
Hot carrier effects have been observed in recent measurements of III–Nitride (III–N) light-emitting diodes. In this paper we carry out bipolar Monte Carlo simulations for electrons and holes in a typical III–N multi-quantum well (MQW) LED. According to our simulations, significant non-quasiequilibrium carrier distributions exist in the barrier layers of the structure. This is observed as average c
The suppression of chaos in quantum reality is evident in quantum scars, i.e. in enhanced probability densities along classical periodic orbits. They provide opportunities in controlling quantum transport in nanoscale quantum systems. Here, we study energy level statistics of perturbed two-dimensional quantum systems exhibiting recently discovered, strong perturbation-induced quantum scarring. In
Radiological staging of rectal cancer dictates subsequent patienttreatment. In early-stage disease, local excision is associatedwith reduced morbidity, mortality, and costs, and maintainsbowel continuity compared with surgery, where the whole orpart of the rectum is resected1–3. Nearly 90 per cent of patientswith T1 rectal cancer have N0 disease and are therefore potentially curable with local res
We report on THz time-domain spectroscopy measurements of flux grown KTiOPO4 in the frequency range 0.6–7.0 THz (20 to 240 cm−1). Our results compare well with earlier Raman and far-infrared measurements. We theorize that the differences between the optical phonon mode resonances reported in the literature are due to what growth parameters and melt compositions are used to grow the crystals. We al
Circular business models (CBMs) promise improved resource efficiency, value creation and retention. Still, CBM operationalization among large incumbents remains slow in practice. Yet, this plays a critical role in driving industry transformations towards sustainability. Prior research outlines challenges that incumbents encounter when operationalizing CBMs - yet remains fragmented and unable to ex
Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common malignancies affecting men, with poor prognosis after progression to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Radioligand therapy (RLT) targeting the overexpressed PSMA on PC cells, with, e.g., 177Lu-PSMA-617, has been effective in reducing tumor burden and prolonging survival in mCRPC. However, it is not a curative method with kidney
In this paper, we present a study of Swedish inhabitants' preferences for distribution in three dimensions in the context of transport investments. Using choice experiments, we study the respondents' preferences for the distribution of benefits in the geographical, gender, and income dimension in relation to aggregate benefits. We find that they have quite strong preferences for equality in all di
When incorporating anisotropic materials, planar microcavities can give rise to exceptional points, i.e. propagation directions along which two otherwise polarization-split photonic modes degenerate in energy and broadening. They are non-Hermitian degeneracies revealing complex-square-root topology and chiral eigenstates. We show computations and experiments on ZnO-based microcavities.
Purpose: Metformin (MF) intake associates with reduced levels of circulating low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). This has been attributed to the activation of AMPK, which differentially regulates the expression of multiple genes involved in cholesterol synthesis and trafficking. However, the exact mechanism underlying the LDL-C lowering effect of MF remains ambiguous. Methods: MF-treated
The objective of this article is to study the links between the financing of primary education, schooling and economic growth in France in the nineteenth century. To do so, we use information on the financing allocated by the State, the departments, the municipalities, and households over the period 1820–1913. Our analysis is in two stages. First, we analyse the evolution of these different types
Anthropogenic warming is expected to accelerate global soil organic carbon (SOC) losses via microbial decomposition, yet, there is still no consensus on the loss magnitude. In this Perspective, we argue that, despite the mechanistic uncertainty underlying these losses, there is confidence that a strong, positive land carbon–climate feedback can be expected. Two major lines of evidence support net
Aims: Treatment with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD) is a cornerstone for prevention of sudden cardiac death in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). We aimed at describing the complications associated with ICD treatment in a multinational cohort with long-term follow-up. Methods and results: The Nordic ARVC registry was established in 2010 and encompasses a large m
This paper examines how and why the Norwegian government’s early handling of the Covid-19 pandemic became constructed as a centre–periphery issue in public discourse. By analysing opinion pieces and editorials published in a North Norwegian regional newspaper during the first months of the outbreak, it identifies how a ‘northern peripherality’ discourse emerged and highlighted geographical, infras
Background: Tobacco smoking has been reported to cause DNA fragmentation and has been suggested to cause mutations in spermatozoa. These effects have been ascribed to the action of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) present in the smoke. Simultaneously, DNA fragmentation has been associated with mutagenesis. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether levels of urinary biomarke
