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Microglia represent a specialized population of macrophages-like cells in the central nervous system (CNS) considered immune sentinels that are capable of orchestrating a potent inflammatory response. Microglia are also involved in synaptic organization, trophic neuronal support during development, phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in the developing brain, myelin turnover, control of neuronal excita
Eyeblink conditioning is one of the most popular experimental paradigms for studying the neural mechanisms underlying learning and memory. A key parameter in eyeblink conditioning is the interstimulus interval (ISI), the time between the onset of the conditional stimulus (CS) and the onset of the unconditional stimulus (US). Though previous studies have examined how the ISI affects learning there
Background Exercise training is recommended to patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the level of evidence is still low. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) compared two different and self-administered exercise training programs in a representative CKD population. Methods This single centre RCT included 151 non-dialysis dependent CKD patients, irrespective of age and comorbidity.
This paper employs an inductive case study to explore the relevance of the family functions in the opportunity creation process by immigrant entrepreneurs. We employ the perspective of the opportunity creation process and the family functions for theory building purposes. We conducted four cases of immigrant entrepreneurs who established businesses in Sweden and that have their origins in Lebanon
Neuroscience and clinical researchers are increasingly interested in quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) due to its sensitivity to micro-structural properties of brain tissue such as axon, myelin, iron and water concentration. We introduce the hMRI-toolbox, an open-source, easy-to-use tool available on GitHub, for qMRI data handling and processing, presented together with a tutorial and
Although many studies have examined the associations between occupational exposures and kidney cancer, the evidence is not consistent. To examine the risk of occupational exposures on kidney cancer, we carried out a follow-up study on the economically active Swedish population, based on the latest update of the Swedish Family-Cancer Database. We calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and 9
Geleophysic dysplasia and Weill-Marchesani syndrome are acromelic dysplasias characterized by short stature, brachydactyly, and joint contractures. Recessive Weill-Marchesani syndrome typically includes spherophakia, but the ocular phenotype of recessive geleophysic dysplasia is not well defined. We describe the ocular phenotype of a girl with genetically confirmed recessive geleophysic dysplasia
BackgroundColorectal cancer with overgrowth into urinary organs requires en-bloc resection of involved organs to achieve negative resection margins (R0). This study investigates survival and oncological outcomes after colorectal cancer surgery with resections of urinary organs.MethodPatients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery with urological resection in Sweden 2007–2018 were identified via the
Ammonia/diesel dual-fuel compression-ignition engines are a promising solution for reducing carbon emissions in marine applications, yet their combustion efficiency and nitrogen-related emissions remain major challenges. In this study, combined numerical simulations and experiments were performed to investigate combustion characteristics and emissions in a two-stroke, low-speed ammonia/diesel dire
The fairtrade label ensures that requirements set by the Fairtrade Labelling Organization on working standards and income levels are met by fairtrade certified producers. The fairtrade market, although still very small, is one of the fastest growing markets in the world. Considering the growth of fairtrade production it becomes important to understand its influence on the market better. Recently f
Intellectual property is a very important type of asset in today’s business world. Since business in the Western World grows increasingly based and dependent on know-how and technological development, intangible assets such as trademarks, copyrights and patents plausibly represent greater economic value to economic actors here than other, physical, assets do. Although it is comparatively unknown
Editorial introduction to the special issue Populism in the 21st Century.
Eye tracking has been used as part of software engineering and computer science research for a long time, and during this time new techniques for machine learning (ML) have emerged. Some of those techniques are applicable to the analysis of eye-tracking data, and to some extent have been applied. However, there is no structured summary available on which ML techniques are used for analysis in diff
A thin composite film of carbon nanoparticles (ca. 8 nm diameter) and chitosan biopolymer (poly-D-glucosamine, from chitin, 75-85% deacetylated) was prepared by evaporation from aqueous dispersion onto glassy carbon electrode surfaces. The amine groups in the chitosan biopolymer were used to effectively bind Hg(II) ions from an aqueous pH 5 KCl solution. During redox cycling voltammetric responses
OBJECTIVES: To elucidate antibody responses after the second and third dose of COVID-19 vaccine in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD) treated with biologic/targeted disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (b/ts DMARDs).METHODS: Antibody levels to antigens representing spike full length protein and spike S1 were measured before vaccination, 2-12 weeks after the second dose, before a
The aim was to study associations between trust in regional politicians responsible for the healthcare system and mortality in survival analyses. A public health survey in southern Sweden with a 54.1% response rate based on a postal questionnaire and three postal reminders was conducted in 2008. The baseline survey was linked to 8.3-year follow-up all-cause, cardiovascular (CVD), cancer and other
Introduction: The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) published a revised definition of sarcopenia in 2018. There are few incidence studies of sarcopenia following the latest definition. Objective: To study prevalence, incidence proportion and incidence rate of sarcopenia in a simple random sample of older Swedish men using the EWGSOP2 definition. Methods: Men aged 69-81
Many people do not act together against climate change or social inequalities because they feel they or their group cannot make a difference. Understanding how people come to feel that they can achieve something (a perception of self-efficacy) is therefore crucial for motivating people to act together for a better world. However, it is difficult to summarize already existing self-efficacy resear
Background/AimsThe reactive hyperaemia index (RHI) assesses endothelial function, with a proposed cut-off of <1.67 for prevalent endothelial dysfunction (ED). However, uncertainties remain about whether this cut-off is age-dependent and applicable in healthy individuals. We aimed to explore ED in relation to age within a large population-based cohort of young to middle-aged, healthy individuals.Me
