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BACKGROUND: Gut microbiota have been implicated in atherosclerotic disease, but their relation with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis is unclear. This study aimed to identify associations between the gut microbiome and computed tomography-based measures of coronary atherosclerosis and to explore relevant clinical correlates.METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 8973 participants (50
The COVID-19 pandemic precipitated numerous changes in daily life, including the cancellation and restriction of sports globally. Because sports participation contributes positively to the development of student-athletes, restricting these activities may have led to long-term mental health changes in this population. Using a repeated cross-sectional study design, we measured rates of depression us
Climatic factors and water and land use management mainly impact dust storm frequency and intensity. Water scarcity and a drier climate will lead to more severe and frequent dust storms in the near and far future. This makes dust storm susceptibility a dynamic phenomenon requiring spatiotemporal analyses. Regarding the complexity of this phenomenon, this chapter discusses AI-based methods for spat
Heart failure (HF) is a major contributor to global morbidity and mortality. While distinct clinical subtypes, defined by etiology and left ventricular ejection fraction, are well recognized, their genetic determinants remain inadequately understood. In this study, we report a genome-wide association study of HF and its subtypes in a sample of 1.9 million individuals. A total of 153,174 individual
Climate change is increasingly recognized as a major security concern, with drought–migration–conflict linkages attracting significant attention in both policy and research. While some narratives portray drought as a direct driver of migration and conflict, evidence shows a far more complex relationship: climate stress can lead to more migration in some contexts and less in others, with internal m
Measurements of fetal aortic blood flow velocity and fetal growth were performed in 178 pregnancies. In 87 cases, the estimated fetal weight was > 2 SD below the gestational age-related mean of the population. Three fetuses died in utero. In 148 children (84%) an assessment of overall intellectual ability was performed at 6.5 years of age. Verbal and global IQ was lower in the group with an abnorm
Measurements of fetal aortic blood flow velocity and fetal growth were performed in 178 pregnancies. In 87 cases, the estimated fetal weight was > or = 2 SD below the gestational age-related mean of the population. Three fetuses died in utero. In 149 children (85%), a neurological examination was performed at 7 years of age with special emphasis on minor neurological dysfunction. The frequency of
We use historical data on union density and new historical data on policies toward migrants to study the long-run relationship between the strength of trade unions and the social and economic rights of migrants in the Global North. In countries with strong trade unions, there was, for a long time, a widening distance between the rights of migrants and the rights of citizens, probably because the r
The study describes findings from a community-based participatory and challenge-driven research programme, that aimed to improve health equity through a health promotion platform in an ethnically diverse low-income neighbourhood of Malmo, Sweden. Local residents, together with lay health promoters living in the area, were actively involved in the planning phase and decided on the structure and con
Introduction: The use of medications in the general population has increased over time. Information on active metabolite concentrations for common drugs in the general population is limited. Recent advances in metabolomic technologies have made high-throughput profiling of many active metabolites in large epidemiological cohorts increasingly feasible.Aim: 1. Prospective assessment of the proportio
Depression is a common, recurrent disorder. There is a need for readily available treatments with few negative side effects, that demands little resources and that are effective both in the short- and long term. Our aim was to investigate the long-term effectiveness of two different interventions; physical exercise and internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (internet-CBT), compared to usual
The surface charging behavior as a function of pH and isoelectric points (IEPs) of single-crystal α-Al2O3 (0001) and (1102) and α-Fe2O3 (0001) was determined by streaming potential measurements using an electrokinetic analyzer. The IEPs of α-Al2O3 (0001) and (11-02)$(1\overline1 02)$ and α-Fe2O3 (0001) were found to be 4.5, 5.1, and 6.5, respectively. These IEP values for oriented single crystals
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling analyserar frågor som berör tillfälliga jobb på den svenska arbetsmarknaden under perioden 1990-1999. Ett viktigt bidrag i avhandlingen är att den stora gruppen tillfälliga jobb delas upp i mindre undergrupper för att ta i beaktande den heterogenitet som finns mellan olika former av tillfälliga jobb. En röd tråd som löper genom hela avhandlingen är fokuThis thesis analyses different aspects of temporary jobs in the Swedish labour market during 1991-1999. Throughout the thesis we put special focus on differences between the genders, and differences between native-born and foreign-born workers. In chapter 1, An Introduction to Temporary Jobs in Sweden, we describe the evolution of different types of temporary jobs in Sweden during the 1990s, we re
The close linkage between iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P) suggests that changes in Fe speciation may have a strong effect on the bioavailability of P. At the same time Fe speciation in natural oxic environments is known to be affected by the presence of organic matter (OM), pH and total Fe concentrations, thus these parameters should also influence the Fe-P interactions. The main objective of the pre
A novel method to derive pressure-volume (PV) loops noninvasively from cardiac magnetic resonance images has recently been developed. The aim of this study was to evaluate inter- and intraobserver variability of hemodynamic parameters obtained from noninvasive PV loops in healthy controls, subclinical diastolic dysfunction (SDD), and patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, mi
Objective: The association between work-related moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and higher levels of stress response is recognized, but whether this association is moderated by regular exercise remains unclear. This cross-sectional study investigated whether exercise-based physical activity (PA) associates with lower levels of stress responses moderated by work-related MVPA. Methods:
