Filtyp
Background: Pesticide exposure may affect young children's neurodevelopment, but only few cohort studies have addressed possible effects of non-organophosphate pesticides. Objective: We evaluated associations between prenatal current-use pesticide exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes among 1-year-old children from the Infants’ Environmental Health (ISA) birth cohort. Methods: To determine pren
The Swedish retail landscape is currently undergoing a transformative change with increased digitalization and a rapidly growing e-commerce sector, which creates both opportunities and challenges. The development towards omnichannel commerce creates a more complex customer journey and results in complex environmental challenges. E-commerce deliveries to consumers, in particular, pose a complex soc
Achieving robust and efficient control of internal combustion engines is critical for meeting stringent environmental regulations and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Natural gas engines, in particular, offer significant potential for cleaner energy but present unique challenges due to variations in fuel composition and combustion dynamics.This thesis investigates novel methods for improving com
Introduction An estimated 2.4 [1.8–3.2] million people in the WHO European Region now live with HIV, and none of the Region’s 53 countries have been spared. The epidemic is spreading most rapidly in western Europe among migrants and men who have sex with men, and in eastern Europe among male injecting drug users – and increasingly their sexual partners. This doctoral research investigates several
Background: Rye products have previously been shown to induce comparatively low post-prandial insulin responses; irrespectively of their glycaemic indices (GI). However, the mechanism behind this lowered insulin demand remains unknown. An improved insulin economy might contribute to the benefits seen in epidemiological studies with whole grain diets on metabolic risk factors and weight regulation.
Popular Abstract in Swedish POPULÄRVETENSKAPLIG SAMMANFATTNING PÅ SVENSKA Kadmium är en giftig metall vilken finns i mat som vi rekommenderas äta mycket av, exempelvis sädesprodukter, grönsaker och skaldjur. Våra matjordar är kontaminerade med kadmium och föroreningen kommer att kvarstå under mycket lång tid framöver. Kadmium skadar framförallt njurarna och skelettet och kan antagligen även orsaAbstract: Cadmium (Cd) is ubiquitous in the environment. Human exposure in non-smokers occurs mainly via intake of healthy food like vegetables, cereals, and shellfish. Adverse health effects on kidney and bone at low-level environmental Cd exposure are well-documented in adults. There is considerable inter-individual variation in both metabolism (toxicokinetics) and toxicity (toxicodynamics) of C
Biodiversity, the variety of life at all organisational levels from genes to ecosystems, affects ecosystem processes and therefore the goods and services ecosystems provide. More research is needed to provide new insights into biodiversity changes and the processes that drive these changes, in order to formulate effective policy and conservation measures to stop the ongoing biodiversity loss. In
This thesis is based on four projects with the overall aim to investigate vitamin K-dependent protein S functions in relation to its structure. The anticoagulant functions of protein S can be divided in three: 1) cofactor for activated protein C (APC), 2) cofactor for tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and 3) APC and TFPI-independent anticoagulant functions. Microparticles might be shed from
The vegetation history of the Faroe Islands has been investigated in numerous studies all broadly showing that the early-Holocene vegetation of the islands largely consisted of fellfield with gravely and rocky soils formed under a continental climate which shifted to an oceanic climate around 10,000 cal yr BP when grasses, sedges and finally shrubs began to dominant the islands. Here we present da
The recent and fossil pollen data obtained under the frame of the multi-disciplinary international El'gygytgyn Drilling Project represent a unique archive, which allows the testing of a range of pollen-based reconstruction approaches and the deciphering of changes in the regional vegetation and climate. In the current study we provide details of the biome reconstruction method applied to the late
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling är en sammanläggningsavhandling som består av fyra artiklar inom arbetsmarknadsområdet. Den första artikeln behandlar en personalförstärkning till arbetsförmedlingen. Metoden har bestått i att jämföra tre arbetsförmedlingskontor som erhållit stora personalförstärkningar med tre kontor som inte fått någon personalförstärkning alls. Resultaten tyder på atThis thesis results from four research projects. The issues addressed in the projects are different types of labour market information problems. The purpose of the first article is to contribute to a better empirical under- standning of how an increase of staff at the Public Employment Service affects job seekers. In 1987, the Swedish Government decided to grant the Labour Market Administration ex
Popular Abstract in Swedish Tekniken för vitreoretinal kirurgi har utvecklats betydligt de senaste åren, både vad gäller metodik och instrumentering. Allt fler sjukdomstillstånd i näthinnan kan nu behandlas. För att utveckla dessa metoder vidare, och även öka kunskapen bakom verkningsmekanismen för deras effektivitet, är standardiserade djurmodeller där både funktion och histologi kan utvärderas aThe field of vitreoretinal surgery has expanded greatly over the last decades. A continuous refinement of surgical methods and instruments has increased the number of treatable retinal disorders. Vitrectomy, retinectomy and laser treatment are all part of the modern surgical arsenal. In order to further develop and refine these methods, and also to improve the knowledge of the mechanisms behind th
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are primitive tissue-specific somatic stem cells, responsible for the maintenance and replenishment of the bone marrow (BM) and subsequently the entire blood system. The never-ending ability to differentiate into all the mature hematopoietic lineages makes these HSCs attractive candidates for use in future regenerative medicine. HSCs are balanced between different f
Objective: To determine if the correlation between magnitude of creatine kinase-myocardial band release after coronary artery bypass surgery and 6-month mortality is comparable to that of patients admitted with an acute coronary syndrome. Methods: The GUARDIAN trial tested the efficacy of cariporide, an Na+/H+ exchange inhibitor, on reduction of myocardial ischemia or death in high-risk patients.
Colorectal cancers are globally ranked as the third most common cancer form in terms of incidence and mortality. Diet has long been considered as one of the main factors affecting population outcome regarding development of cancer in the colon. Numerous epidemiological studies have found links between consumption of dietary fibres and milk and reduced risk of cancers including colon cancer. To be
The capacity of somatic cells and pollen grains or microspores to undergo embryogenesis is an important property used in improvement and regeneration of plants. Furthermore, somatic embryogenesis as well as pollen embryogenesis show many similarities with zygotic embryogenesis and are, thus, good model systems. Pollen suspensions of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) contain a mixture of embryogenic a
Popular Abstract in Swedish Fotosyntesen är nödvändig för vårt liv på jordklotet. Fotosyntes utförs huvudsakligen av gröna växter och dessutom av vissa bakterier. Dessa organismer absorberar energin i solljuset och omvandlar den till kemisk energi i form av till exempel kolhydrater och fett som vi människor och djur sedan kan förbränna och utvinna energi ifrån. Fotosyntesen utförs av ett flertal pPSII catalyses the light-induced water splitting process which leads to electron transfer through the thylakoid membrane and formation of energy rich molecules. Several redox components including a Mn4Ca, an amino acid residueYZ, two special Chl molecules P680, two Pheo and two quinone molecules participate in this process. Another component of PSII which interacts magnetically with Mn4Ca is D2-Ty
Dagens TV-program bygger i de flesta fall på ett bakomliggande TV-format. Formaten har under de senaste åren blivit en allt viktigare del av TV-industrin och idag är de föremål för en handel som årligen omsätter miljardbelopp. I takt med att marknaden för format expanderat har ökande konkurrens inom mediebranschen gjort att striden om TV-tittarna hårdnat. TV-bolagen har tvingats fokusera allt mer The television programs of today are in most cases based on an underlying television format. The use of TV formats has in recent years become an increasingly important part of the television industry and today they are subject of a billion dollar trade. As a result of the format market's expansion and the increased competition within the media industry the battle for viewers has intensified. T
Greenhouses and nursery-gardens is an important business in Sweden, covering a land area of 3,0 million square meters in 2011. The downside of this otherwise blooming business is however the use of so called PPPs, plant protection products, which is connected to it. Historically the use of PPPs has been widespread and the handling has been conducted in an off-hand way. During the post-war time the
Background: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have improved the survival of patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia. Many patients have deep molecular responses, a prerequisite for TKI therapy discontinuation. We aimed to define precise conditions for stopping treatment. Methods: In this prospective, non-randomised trial, we enrolled patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia at 61 European centres i
