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Streptococcus pyogenes is a common human pathogen causing mild infections such as tonsillitis and pharyngitis, but is also the cause of life-threatening conditions. To be able to infect the human host, S. pyogenes express different virulence factors. The surface-expressed M protein is a major virulence factor of S. pyogenes, mediating resistance to killing by human neutrophils. Results presented i
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen består av fyra kapitel som behandlar olika aspekter av internationell handel och dess effekter på konkurrens och produktivitet. Särskilt behandlas effekterna av EU:s expansion och fördjupade integration. Första kapitlet använder den så kallade gravitationsmodellen för att analysera hur integrationsprocessen av de Central- och Östeuropeiska länderna i EU haThis thesis consists of four papers on trade, competition and productivity with particular emphasis on the effects of various aspects of the deepening and widening of the European Union. The first paper Trade Creation, Diversion and Displacement of the EU Enlargement Process provides an assessment of the effects of the EU enlargement process on trade. A new method of estimating the gravity model
I Sverige finns en åldersgräns på 18 år för att ingå äktenskap men det finns ändå barn under 18 år i Sverige som är gifta. De gifta barnen har ingått barnäktenskap utomlands. Äktenskapen har erkänts som giltiga i Sverige om makarna saknade anknytning till Sverige när äktenskapen ingicks. Diskussioner har förts om att regleringen av erkännande av utländska barnäktenskap måste ändras för att skyddetThe age limit for getting married in Sweden is 18 years. Yet there are children under the age of 18 in Sweden who are married. The children have gotten married abroad. The marriages have been recognized as valid in Sweden if the spouses had no connection to Sweden when the marriages were entered. Discussions have been held about that the regulation of recognition of foreign child marriages needs t
This study focuses on the estimation of lake water volume fluctuations using open-source remote sensing data and evaluates its accuracy. The research follows a three-step methodology, starting with water area estimation from Sentinel-2 imagery, followed by water level estimation using ICESat-2 satellite data, and concluding with the calculation of lake water volume differences, testing the regress
After the General Court’s (GC) decision in case T-472/13 H. Lundbeck A/S and Lundbeck Ltd v Commission it seems the concept of potential competition in the context of so-called ‘pay-for-delay’ agreements, or reverse patent settlements, might have been altered; that the bar in order for an undertaking to qualify as a potential competitor might have been lowered. This thesis aims to examine whether
The technology has advanced but the vehicle industry has not evolved at the same pace. Mechanical constructions with a steering wheel are still being used to control the steering of cars. The mechanical construction makes it harder to implement autonomous features, it adds weight and takes up space. It is commonly known that the steering wheel has been along since the early days of the car but is
Worldwide, millions of people suffer from retinal degenerative diseases leading to cell death of light absorbing photoreceptors. This results in vision impairment and, in many cases, eventually blindness. A possible solution for patients gone legally blind due to retinal degeneration, is the use of retinal implants. The best performing retinal implants of today, regarding vision acuity, still give
Varumärken gör det möjligt för näringsidkare att särskilja och främja sina varor och tjänster i förhållande till andra näringsidkare. Vidare identifierar varumärken varor och tjänsters ursprung, vilket gör det möjligt för konsumenter att härleda dessa, samt upprepa eller undvika köp. Detta ger i sin tur näringsidkare incitament att investera och behålla en viss kvalitetsnivå. Näringsidkare kan, blTrademarks enable companies to distinguish and promote their goods and services vis-à-vis others and identify the origin of goods and services. This enables consumers to trace them, as well as repeat or avoid purchases. Trademarks give companies the incentive to invest and maintain a certain level of quality. As an example, companies can use their trademarks to get new, and keep existing, customer
För att en person ska kunna straffas för våldtäkt enligt svensk rätt krävs det att denne har haft uppsåt till gärningen. Det innebär att personen måste ha varit medveten om alla de omständigheter som medfört att gärningen är att betrakta som en våldtäkt, exempelvis att den utsatte sov eller tvingades till de sexuella handlingarna. Detta krav på uppsåt har i ett flertal fall, där den tilltalade fri
Konkurrensklausuler i anställningsavtal avser att begränsa arbetstagares rätt att fritt konkurrera efter avslutad anställning. Uppsatsen ämnar att bedöma om 2015 års överenskommelse om konkurrensklausuler är att betrakta som god sed på arbetsmarknaden. Denna fråga måste först besvaras innan uppsatsens huvudfråga kan besvaras, nämligen om perdurerande viten är tillåtna i konkurrensklausuler och om The purpose of a competition clause in a employment contract is to restrain the employees possibilities to compete with the former employer after he or she quits the employment. This study aims to assess if the 2015 collective agreement on competition clauses in employment contracts is to be regarded as good practice in the Swedish labor market i.e become binding on all employers and employees whe
Title: Frenemies in Business: A Case Study on the Phenomenon of Coopetition Research Question: What are drivers and challenges behind coopetition, as well as possible outcomes of the relationship? Keywords: Coopetition, Cooperation, Competition, Coopetitive Relationship, Competing Companies, Coopetitors, Coopetition Process, Drivers, Challenges, Possible Positive Outcomes, Possible Negative Out
A low success rate of drug candidates in clinical trials, and especially in brain research, motivates development of better screening models. Hence, in neuroscience and many other fields of Life Science, development of more physiological relevant experimental cell-based models is motivated. It’s believed that more in vivo-like models will give a better outcome in drug discovery- and development. H
Popular Abstract in Swedish I det här arbetet studerades kontaktallergi för metaller som finns i olika stentar. Patienterna som ingick i studien hade blivit stentade med olika typer av stentar. En av stentarna var gjord av rostfritt stål (nickelstent) och den andra var förgylld (guldstent). Resultaten av lapptestningen visade att patienterna hade en hög frekvens av både guld- och nickelallergi, ocA large number of patients are treated with coronary stents, and restenosis (recurrent narrowing of the vessel) is a serious problem. Contact allergy to metal ions eluted from stainless steel stents has been suggested to contribute to in-stent restenosis. Studies have reported a higher rate of restenosis with gold-plated stents, but the correlation to contact allergy was not evaluated. Nickel is t
CK2 is an extremely pleiotropic Ser/Thr protein kinase, responsible for the generation of a large proportion of the human phosphoproteome and implicated in a wide variety of biological functions. CK2 plays a global role as an anti-apoptotic agent, a property which is believed to partially account for the addiction of many cancer cells to high CK2 levels. To gain information about the CK2 targets w
Background: The Dachshund homolog 2 (DACH2) gene has been implicated in development of the female genital tract in mouse models and premature ovarian failure syndrome, but to date, its expression in human normal and cancerous tissue remains unexplored. Using the Human Protein Atlas as a tool for cancer biomarker discovery, DACH2 protein was found to be differentially expressed in epithelial ovaria
Long term effects after peptic ulcer surgery still exert an influence on some patient groups. Partial gastrectomy increases the risk of gastric carcinoma more than 20 years after surgery and enterogastric reflux is regarded as the main ethiological factor. Partial gastrectomy also gives increased risk of other malignancies as well as smoking related disease. Parietal cell vagotomy (PCV) is conside
The most widely used positioning system is Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), which uses traditional positioning techniques and cannot achieve satisfactory positioning performance in indoor scenarios due to Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) transmission. Fingerprinting is a non-traditional positioning technique that is robust to NLoS transmission in indoor scenarios. Moreover, Applying Machine Lear
The aim of this study is to investigate different types of crisis management strategies in relation to cancel culture scandals involving influencers. It is conducted through two case studies of scandals regarding Logan Pauls, one that happened in 2017 and the other one 2023. To be able to draw scientific conclusions regarding what type of strategies Logan Paul used, the study adapts three theoreti
In this master´s thesis I seek to explore the concept of restorative justice, an ideological approach to justice which aims to repair the harm caused by crime through means of communication, cooperation, participation and restoration. By involving all parties affected by crime, restorative justice seeks to address crime through empowering victims, increasing community cohesion and making offenders
In today’s competitive vehicle industry, fuel efficiency and weight plays a crucial role in performance and to maintain an attractive market position. The increasing technological development is opening new possibilities to design components with lighter materials. All components on Scania buses are favorably designed with as low weight as possible since the measured load on the back axis determin
