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Classification of COPD into different GOLD stages is based on forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) but has shown to be of limited value. The aim of the study was to relate spirometry values to more advanced measures of lung function in COPD patients compared to healthy smokers. The lung function of 65 COPD patients and 34 healthy smokers was investigated using flo
The Symphony study assessed whether mycophenolate mofetil (MMF)-based regimens containing reduced doses of adjunct immunosuppressants could reduce toxicity while maintaining efficacy. Here, we examined the impact of acute rejection and associated risk factors. The incidence of biopsy-proven acute rejection in the low-dose tacrolimus group was approximately half that of the standard-dose cyclospori
This article investigates potentials and environmental impacts related to household food waste minimization, based on a case study in Southern Sweden. In the study, the amount of avoidable and unavoidable food waste currently being disposed of by households was assessed through waste composition analyses and the different types of avoidable food waste were classified. Currently, both avoidable and
The present study collected and analyzed flow boiling data points which fall in the annular flow regime with an increasing heat transfer coefficient h - vapor quality x trend (h increases with increasing x) in small diameter channels (0.1 < dh < 3.1 mm) for halogenated refrigerants, CO2 and water. In this annular flow regime, heat transfer coefficient also depends on both heat flux and mass flux.
Liming is a forest practice used to counteract forest decline induced by soil acidification. It consists of direct Ca and Mg input in forest soil and restores tree mineral nutrition, but also causes drastic changes in nutrient availability in soil. Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi significantly contribute in nutrient uptake by trees, and can recover them through organic acid secretion or through enzyma
The thesis is focused on two major subjects: - Calculation of free energy is of great help in the study of any molecular system. The free energy determines phase behaviour of colloids and polymer solutions. It also controls the conformational properties of single macromolecules, e.g. DNA, proteins, copolymers. One of the most robust computer simulation techniques for free energy estimation is an
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingens titel: Självskadebeteende bland ungdomar: resultat från tvärsnitts- och longitudinella studier i svenska skolor. Självskadebeteende bland ungdomar (exempelvis när någon skär, bränner eller slår sig själva, eller avsiktligt åsamkar sig direkta skador på något annat sätt) har uppmärksammats som ett växande problem under de senaste årtiondena. Kunskap om omfaSelf-injury in adolescents (e.g. when individuals cut, burn, hit or otherwise deliberately cause themselves direct injury), has gained recognition as a potentially important mental health problem during the past decade. Relatively little has been known about the scope and characteristics of this behavior in Swedish adolescents. This thesis consists of three studies that in different ways explore
Computer based planning tool for adaptation of living and working environments of physically disabled persons. When adapting living and working environments according to the needs of physically disabled users it is important to optimize design solutions already during the planning process. Therefore it is quite advantageous if the end-user can be involved in the design process to present her or hi
This study aimed to examine the attitudes of social work students at Lund University towards autism and schizophrenia, with a focus on differences between the two diagnoses and how educational level and prior experience may explain variations in attitudes. The method the study used was a cross-sectional survey design and was conducted at the School of Social Work at Lund University, Sweden. Data w
This thesis develops a Fourier-feature DeepONet surrogate model for predicting two-dimensional steady laminar flow fields around a rotating triangular obstacle. The aim is to learn the mapping from the obstacle rotation angle to the corresponding pressure, x-velocity, and y-velocity fields. A CFD dataset containing 121 cases was generated using ANSYS Fluent, covering rotation angles from 0° to 120
Purpose: Altered auditory feedback research aims to identify methods to strengthen speakers’ awareness of their own voicing behaviors, diminish their perception of vocal fatigue, and improve their voice production. This study aims to compare the effects of two bone conduction devices that provide altered auditory feedback. Method: Twenty participants (19-33 years old, age: M [SD]=25.5 [3.85] years
Objective: This study aims to translate and cross-culturally adapt the throat scale of the Voice Handicap Index to the Brazilian Portuguese language.uracy. Material and Methods: This was performed in five phases translation, synthesis, back translation, review, and pretest. Fifty subjects participated in the pretest, of which 22 participants had chronic cough, 13 had laryngopharyngeal reflux, and
Föreliggande studie syftade till att undersöka prediktiva samband mellan konflikthanteringsstilar, emotionell intelligens och relationsnöjdhet i parrelationer och genomfördes i en svensk kontext. Följande forskningsfråga formulerades: I vilken utsträckning predicerar konflikthanteringsstilar och emotionell intelligens upplevd relationsnöjdhet hos individer i parrelationer? Studien baserades på en The present study aimed to examine predictive associations between conflict resolution styles, emotional intelligence, and relationship satisfaction in couple relationships, within a Swedish context. The following research question was formulated: To what extent do conflict resolution styles and emotional intelligence predict perceived relationship satisfaction amongst individuals in couple relati
Air quality is affected by airborne particles and gases such as PM2.5, volatile organic compounds (VOC), and nitrogen oxides (NOx), as well as environmental factors such as humidity and temperature, all of which influence human health and the spread of airborne diseases. While research grade air quality instruments provide accurate measurements, they are often large, expensive and difficult to uti
We present a model dielectric function composed of critical point functions in order to parameterize the temperature and wavelength dependencies of the dielectric function of InAs. This model is based on Adachi’s critical point model, with simple wavelength-dependent analytical functions whose parameters change linearly with temperature. The calculated dielectric function at room temperature is in
Bygg- och fastighetssektorn står för en betydande del av Sveriges och EU:s energianvändning och klimatpåverkan. Samtidigt ökar behovet av energieffektiva bostäder i takt med befolkningstillväxt och ökade krav på klimatanpassning och hållbarhet. Energieffektivisering inom byggnadssektorn lyfts därför fram som en central åtgärd för att minska energianvändning och växthusgasutsläpp. Utöver tekniska lBygg- och fastighetssektorn står för en betydande del av Sveriges och EU:s energianvändning och klimatpåverkan. Samtidigt ökar behovet av energieffektiva bostädeThis thesis investigates how window airing behavior affects indoor environment and energy use in residential buildings. The study focuses on the relationship between airing, indoor temperature, CO₂ concentration, and how different represen
We used national Swedish registry data to investigate the nature of the association between pregnancy and decreased risk for suicide attempt (SA). Analyses included pregnant individuals aged 18–35, biological fathers, and matched controls born 1975–1995. Data were available for between 366,125 and 2,129,244 females (depending on the model) and 359,622 males. We evaluated risk for SA as a function
The motivation of this study is the general lack of knowledge regarding the efficiency and the appropriate use of the adaptation strengths of Siemens automatic exposure control system CARE Dose 4D. The purpose was to evaluate the effect on radiation absorbed dose using different adaptation strengths of CARE Dose 4D in three routine pediatric CT protocols. A pediatric anthropomorphic whole body pha
A producer-independent, problem-oriented, group-education programme with 2-day meetings on drug treatment in primary health care (PHC) was developed and evaluated. Initially, it was tested on a selected group of general practitioners (district physicians), using a non-exposed group as control. A comprehensive questionnaire was used to test changes in attitudes. There was a significant change in at
I TV-programmet »Uppdrag granskning« påstods nyligen (16 mars 2004) att det är livsviktigt för patienter med akut hjärtinfarkt att bo i närheten av rätt sjukhus. Frågan är när geografiska skillnader i dödlighet blir så pass stora och säkra att de har betydelse för den enskilda patienten. När man studerar skillnader i dödlighet mellan olika sjukhus bör man om möjligt också beakta landstingens roll.It is a known fact that the 1990s brought a decrease in mortality after myocardial infarction in Sweden but that differences in mortality rates following myocardial infarction still remain between the Swedish counties. Unresolved, however, are questions as to what these inter-county differences mean for the individual patient and what role hospital care plays in this context. We analysed all patie
