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Brain cell structure and function reflect neurodevelopment, plasticity, and aging; and changes can help flag pathological processes such as neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. Accurate and quantitative methods to noninvasively disentangle cellular structural features are needed and are a substantial focus of brain research. Diffusion-weighted MRS (dMRS) gives access to diffusion properties of

Although microgels have been widely used as model systems for soft colloids, their properties are still far from being completely understood. This stems from their heterogeneous structure strongly differing from that of an idealized polymeric network. Indeed, microgels synthesized by conventional precipitation polymerization exhibit not only a fuzzy structure with respect to the difference of reac

Purpose: To describe and compare early screening outcomes before, during and after a randomized controlled trial with digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) including synthetic 2D mammography versus standard digital mammography (DM) (To-Be 1) and a follow-up cohort study using DBT (To-Be 2). Methods: Retrospective results of 125,020 screening examinations from four consecutive screening rounds perform

Introduction: The Person-Centred Care instrument for outpatient care (PCCoc) is a 36-item patient-reported experience measure with 4 ordered response categories, that aims to capture the degree of perceived person-centred care (PCC) from a patient perspective among persons with long-term conditions. The PCCoc is based on a framework that conceptualises outpatient PCC from lower to higher levels of

While necessary to protect human lives, many of the measures implemented by governments to contain the COVID-19 pandemic imposed significant costs on the population. Drawing on an original representative survey fielded during the first wave of COVID-19 in April–June 2020 in Sweden and Denmark, we examine how members of different occupational groups evaluated their government's pandemic strategies.

Background and aims: Environmental and genetic factors predispose to cardiovascular disease. Some first-generation immigrants have a higher cardiovascular risk in Sweden, while less is known about second-generation immigrants. We aimed to analyze the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among second-generation immigrants in Sweden. Methods: We included all individuals 18 years of age and olde

This cross-over experimental study aimed to examine the effects of filled chocolate consumption on blood glucose, insulin and ghrelin levels in 20 volunteers. After a one-week run-in period, study participants consumed two chocolate-based products, the tested biscuit or water for 21 days as a morning snack. After a two-week wash-out period, participants consumed another tested food for another 21

Introduction: Understanding violent criminality and its impact on health and eventually the risk of premature mortality is important for efficient future interventions. This study aimed to explore the effect violent criminality had on premature mortality (i.e., death before the age of 65) among individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs). Methods: The cohort was created by identifying all Swed

Background: The perspectives of children with life-threatening or life-limiting (LT/LL) conditions have predominantly been conveyed through their parents rather than heard from the children themselves. Despite an increase in studies focusing on children’s perspectives in pediatric palliative care, this research remains limited, particularly in including children who are unable to express themselve

The cotton fabric consists of cellulose arranged in a complex structure with multiple levels of organization at different length scales. Understanding this structure and its interactions with water and oil is essential for developing efficient and environmentally friendly methods of cotton washing. In this study, the structure of raw cotton fabric cellulose and the effects of water and oil were ex

Background: Concizumab is an anti-tissue factor pathway inhibitor monoclonal antibody in development as a once-daily, subcutaneous prophylaxis for patients with haemophilia A or haemophilia B with or without inhibitors. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of concizumab in patients with haemophilia A or B without inhibitors. Here we report the results from the confirmatory analysis cutoff. M

Purpose: To evaluate inter- and intrarater reliability, of the Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS) for children and adults with cerebral palsy (CP) in Sweden. Methods: Four speech and language pathologists rated EDACS from videos of 30 individuals with CP, 3 to 62 years, (mean 21 y, 10 m, SD 18 y, 6 m), six at each level of the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFC

Diffusion models were initially developed for text-to-image generation and are now being utilized to generate high quality synthetic images. Preceded by generative adversarial networks (GANs), diffusion models have shown impressive results using various evaluation metrics. However, commonly used metrics such as Frechet inception distance and inception score are not suitable for determining whether

Groundwater drought, as a form of hydrological drought, embodies the distinctive characteristics of the aquifer and human-induced disruptions within the hydrological system. The intricate nature of groundwater flow systems, coupled with challenges in acquiring field observations related to aquifers, poses significant challenges in quantitatively characterizing groundwater drought. The present pape

We are living in an age of information in which organizations are crumbling under the pressure of exponentially growing data. Increased data quality ensures better decision making, thereby enabling companies to stay competitive in the market. To improve data quality, it is imperative to identify all the characteristics that describe data. And, building on one characteristic results in compromising

This master thesis project focuses on establishing a synthetic method with the prospect of developing new antibacterial agents. Due to the increment of resistant strains of bacteria throughout the world, this area of research is well motivated. The nine-carbon sugar - sialic acid - is a highly prevalent communication molecule on human cell surfaces. It signals that the cells are endogenous and not

Land degradation has a negative effect on agriculture, food security and ecosystems. It severely impacts the livelihood of the many people directly depending on agriculture around the world. Drylands are some of the most vulnerable areas around the world. Population increase and climate change add strain on the food production of these areas, making them especially vulnerable to land degradation.

Den här studien undersöker hur unga kvinnor upplever och förstår syftesdriven reklam med feministiska och normbrytande budskap, samt vilka konsekvenser de får för deras uppfattning om den ideala kvinnokroppen. Fenomenet exemplifieras med hjälp av tre reklamkampanjer aktuella från 2016 som alla säger sig ha ett kvinnostärkande budskap. Semistrukturerade intervjuer med tretton unga kvinnor genomfördThis study investigates how young women experience and understand purpose- driven advertising with feminist and norm-breaking messages, and the conse- quences of their perception regarding the ideal body. The phenomenon is exempli- fied by the use of three current campaigns from 2016, all of which say that they have a woman-promoting message. Semi-structured interviews with thirteen young women we

Green energy defaults (where the uptake of renewable energy is promoted among households by opt-out tariffs) are gaining increasing interest with policy makers, due to the high enrolment rates shown in (experimental) studies. Such default choices are often justified on normative and behavioural grounds as although consumers express a desire and willingness to pay for green energy, they often fail

This thesis sets out to explain the evolution of feminist discourse within the sustainable development policy community. I compare two major United Nations international policy frameworks, Agenda 21 and the Sustainable Development Goals, which have similar objectives and scope and were adopted 20 years apart. The UN agendas define international and national policy and actions that are expected to