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BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence may improve diagnostic yield and accuracy in syncope.OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare Generative Pretrained Transformer 4-Omni (GPT-4o) with medical professionals (MPs) in establishing syncope diagnoses and recommending interventions based on general practitioner's referral letters to a syncope-unit.METHODS: This three-phase study evaluated 5
BACKGROUND: The global prevalence of dementia is rapidly expanding and is expected to triple by 2050. Approximately 45 % of dementia cases are estimated to be attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors. Identifying how these factors contribute to specific brain pathologies may improve strategies to reduce dementia incidence.OBJECTIVES, DESIGN, SETTING: The aim of this study was to identif
Disorder is an intrinsic feature of all solids, from crystals of atoms to superlattices of colloidal nanoparticles. Unlike atomic crystals, in nanocrystal superlattices, a single misplaced particle can affect the positions of neighbors over long distances, leading to cumulative disorder. This elusive form of collective particle displacement leaves clear signatures in diffraction, but little i
Background: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is one of the fastest-evolving human pathogens. Understanding HIV-1 transmission, within-host adaptation, and evolutionary dynamics is pivotal for development of interventions and vaccines. HIV-1 infection is generally caused by a single transmitted founder virus (TFV), and TFV sequences are typically obtained using single genome amplificatio
Popular Abstract in Swedish POPULÄRVETENSKAPLIG SAMMANFATTNING (Svenska) I en klassisk monografi från 1855 med titel ”On the Constitutional and Local Effects of Disease of the Suprarenal Capsules” beskrev T. Addison det tillstånd som numera bär på hans namn. De 11 beskrivna patienterna innefattade alla huvudorsker till primär binjurebarkssvikt: autoimmunitet- rubbning i kroppens immunförsvar med pPolyglandular Autoimmune (PGA) syndrome type II in idiopathic Addison's disease: In a retrospective study of idiopathic Ad-dison's disease (median age at diagnosis 32.5 years, range 8-62; median observation time 17 years, range 0.5-41), 50% met the criteria for PGA syndrome type II. In PGA syndrome type II, 73% had ATD and 41% had IDDM. The full triad was present in 14%. The sequence of appearance
Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are inherited disorders of the immune system with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) as the only curative treatment in some of them. In case an HLA-matched donor is not available, HSCT from a haploidentical family donor may be considered. We compared the outcomes of HSCT from HLA-matched unrelated or related donors (MUDs or MRDs) and mismatc
Specific interactions between the carboxylic acid moiety and the monovalent salts CsCl, NaCl, and LiCl, have been investigated in Langmuir monolayers using vibrational sum frequency spectroscopy (VSFS) and complemented with coarse grained and all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. By exploiting VSFS's intrinsic surface specificity, an emphasis was made on targeting headgroup vibrations of both i
Background: Pediatric anxiety disorders are highly prevalent and associated with significant functional disabilities and lifelong morbidity. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), sertraline, and their combination are effective treatments, but little is known about how these treatments exert their effects.Methods: Using network intervention analysis (NIA), we analyzed data from the largest randomized
Background: Faculty development roles are changing within organizations (Gibbs 2013). In previous research the expanding role in organizations as “Coming in from the margins” was described (Schroeder 2011). We studied how different levels of participation evolved within a research intense faculty with a complex organization and various educational programs.Summary of Work: The Centre was establish
PURPOSE: To estimate cause-specific mortality in osteoarthritis patients compared to the general population.METHODS: We identified all residents in southern Sweden aged 45-84 years in 2003. Through the Skåne Healthcare Register we identified those diagnosed with osteoarthritis in peripheral joints between 1998-2003. We followed all residents from 2004 until relocation outside of the region, death,
Directed relation graph with error propagation (DRGEP) method combined with extensive validation for 0D, 1D and 2D CFD modeling supported by sensitivity and Rate-Of-Production (ROP) analyses are implemented for comparative study of detailed and reduced kinetic mechanisms for CH 4
Approximately 20% of the population experience long-term pain. Women are generally more affected than men. Currently, pain researchers advocate a biopsychosocial perspective, which emphasises the importance of addressing psychological and social factors as well as biomedical ones in clinical practice. However, previous research shows that this holistic perspective is not always materialized in med
The importance of daylight to occupants’ health and wellbeing has been extensively documented, as well as its role in reducing electric lighting use. As a result, most countries have today some form of regulatory framework, specifying minimum daylight requirements for built spaces. The present Swedish building code (BBR – BFS 2011:6) includes general recommendations for daylight provision of resid
Introduction Episodic memory allows us to revisit our past and recollect inter-related elements that characterize life events (Tulving, 1983). When forming such relational memories, we only apprehend a small part of our visual field in full acuity at a time. This limitation is overcome by shifting visual attention over a sequence of eye movements. We bind these visual “samples” of the world into
Annual rates of adrenalectomy have doubled in the last 20 years as a consequence of increased detection of adrenal incidentalomas, improved biochemical diagnosis, genetic screening, and minimally invasive surgical techniques. Most adrenal incidentalomas are benign non-functional adrenocortical adenomas. Functional adrenal tumours are associated with high morbidity if left untreated, and this may b
Aim: The Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) is a flagship species for global freshwater ecosystems. As one of the most widely distributed Palearctic mammals, the otter used to inhabit most provinces in China. However, after decades of relentless hunting and habitat degradation, the Sanjiangyuan Region is now one of last strongholds for this species in China. Currently, there still remains an enormous kn
We have entered a monumental era in terms of realizing the impact of biodiversity loss on our everyday lives. We suffer from the consequences of biodiversity loss due to overexploitation of natural resources as we continue failing to restore biodiversity. One of the major consequences of biodiversity loss is the emergence of global pandemics. We are in urgent need of realizing the full potential o
Background: Functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs) affect children, especially girls, all over the world. The evidence for existing treatments is mixed, and effective accessible treatments are needed. Dance, a rhythmic cardio-respiratory activity, combined with yoga, which enhances relaxation and focus, may provide physiological and psychological benefits that could help to ease pain. Objecti
Overtourism encapsulates the zeitgeist of contemporary tourism and was - for a few years - the buzzword within media reports on tourism. It gained attention as an unsustainable consequence of the intensification of place management practices in urban economic planning strategy. Stories about “the invasion” of visitors into a number of popular European cities frequently circulated in news and socia
OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence and timing of knee surgery (including meniscal, ligamentous, synovial, and osteotomy) in the 10 years prior to primary total knee replacement (TKR) between England and Sweden.METHODS: This was a population-based, case-control study within England and southern Sweden using electronic health care databases. Patients underwent primary TKR between 2015 and 2019. Ri
