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The study explores whether small-scale species diversity, species evenness and species richness in semi-natural grassland communities are similarly associated with present management regime and/or present and historical landscape context (percentage of different land-cover types in the surroundings). Species diversity, evenness and richness were recorded within 44150 x 50 cm grassland plots in a 4
The aim of the present study was to test the efficacy of topical cooling as the only viable lung preservation method using the most challenging evaluation method, namely single-lung transplantation followed by immediate contralateral pneumonectomy. Ten domestic pigs (5 donors and 5 recipients) with a mean body weight of 57 kg (range, 53 to 59 kg) were used. After we administered systemic heparin (
Objectives: Familial Clustering of a disease is an indicator of a possible heritable Cause. provided that environmental sharing can be excluded. Thus. data on familial risks are important For genetic Studies and for clinical genetic counseling. Design: We carried Out a nationwide family study on nontoxic and toxic nodular goiters, and Graves' disease in order to search for familial clustering of t
Dilatory responses of extracellular nucleotides were examined in the precontracted isolated rat mesenteric artery. Dilatation mediated by endothelium-derived hyperpolarising factor (EDHF) was studied in the presence of Nomega-nitro-L-arginine (L-NOARG) and indomethacin, and was most potently induced by the selective P2Y(1) receptor agonist adenosine 5'-O-thiodiphosphate (ADPbetaS), while 2-methylt
Variations in total heart volume (atria plus ventricles) during a cardiac cycle affect efficiency of cardiac pumping. The goals of this study were to confirm the presence, extent, and contributors of total heart volume variation during the cardiac cycle in healthy volunteers with the use of MRI. Eight healthy volunteers were examined by MRI at rest. Changes in total cardiac volume throughout the c
The effects of long-term heavy metal deposition on microbial community structure and the level of bacterial community tolerance were studied along two different gradients in Scandinavian coniferous forest soils. One was near the Harjavalta smelter in Finland, and one was at Ronnskar in Sweden. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis revealed a gradual change in soil microbial communities along bot
Gitelman's syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by electrolyte disturbances and low blood pressure. The disease is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous inactivating mutations in the thiazide-sensitive NaCl-cotransporter gene leading to reduced renal sodium reabsorption. We report 4 patients with Gitelman's syndrome from southern Sweden, all in whom we identified compo
We present a structural determination of the surface reconstruction of the Sm(0001) surface using surface x-ray diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopy, and ab initio calculations. The reconstruction is associated with a large (22%) expansion of the atomic radius for the top monolayer surface Sm atoms. The mechanism driving the surface reconstruction in Sm is unique among all elements and is co
Background: In several studies, patients with alcohol dependence treated with the opioid antagonist naltrexone have shown fewer relapses to heavy drinking than those receiving placebo. An interaction between the naltrexone effect and the type of psychological therapy has been observed. Methods: A 6-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was performed at 10 different investi
BACKGROUND: Diagnostic methods for the study of allergic reactions to Anisakis simplex (A.s.) based on whole-body extracts of the larva are clearly insufficient. OBJECTIVES: To study the allergenicity of the proteins secreted by the parasite. Comparison with somatic antigens and determination of their clinical importance in allergic patients were also addressed. METHODS: An excretory/secretory (E/
C4b-binding protein (C4BP) is a plasma glycoprotein involved in regulation of the complement system. C4BP consists of seven alpha-chains and one unique beta-chain, all constructed of repeating complement control protein (CCP) modules. The beta-chain, made up of three CCPs, binds tightly to vitamin K-dependent protein S, a cofactor to anticoagulant activated protein C. When bound to C4BP, protein S
The prognosis of HIV-1-infected patients has dramatically improved but progression to liver failure occurs now frequently in subjects coinfected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). This has raised the issue of organ transplantation, but the knowledge about the effect of concomitant antiretroviral and immunosuppressive therapy is limited. The objective of the study was to describe viral and immunological
Background and Purpose: The 'capsular warning syndrome' (CWS) of recurrent stereotyped episodes of motor or sensory dysfunction is clinically well recognized, and is associated with a high risk of imminent lacunar infarction with permanent deficits resembling those of CWS. However, the pathophysiology of CWS has not been well characterized. We report a clinicoanatomic correlation with MR imaging s
BACKGROUND: Stroke after cardiac surgery is a clinical problem with often fatal or disabling outcome. To assess severity and probable outcome in affected patients only from clinical and radiological examinations is difficult. The glial-derived protein S100B has been suggested to be a marker of cerebral ischemia, and increased blood concentrations of S100B have been shown to correlate with size of
Purpose To collect data for the development of a more universally useful logistic regression model to distinguish between a malignant and benign adnexal tumor before surgery. Patients and Methods Patients had at least one persistent mass. More than 50 clinical and sonographic end points were defined and recorded for analysis. The outcome measure was the histologic classification of excised tissues
Modern immunosuppressive regimens reduce the acute rejection rate by combining a cornerstone immunosuppressant like tacrolimus or cyclosporine with adjunctive agents like corticosteroids, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or azathioprine, often associated with untoward side effects. A 6-month randomized study was conducted in 47 European centers. Triple therapy with tacrolimus (trough levels 5-15 ng/mL)
In the last two decades the introduction of mammographic screening in the Western world has increased the number of diagnosed ductal carcinomas in situ (DCIS) considerably. In situ carcinoma of the breast is considered a heterogeneous disease, the natural history of which is not well known. Thus, appropriate treatment needs to be established. For this reason, a randomised trial studying the effect
Background: Cyclic opening and closing of lung units during tidal breathing may be an important cause of iatrogenic lung injury. We hypothesized that airway closure is uncommon in children with healthy lungs when inspiratory pressures are kept low, but paradoxically may occur when inspiratory pressures are increased. Methods: Elastic equilibrium volume (EEV) and closing capacity (CC) were measured
The neuropeptide galanin is considered to be an endogenous antiepileptic agent, presumably acting via inhibition of glutamate release. Previously, we have demonstrated that in mice ectopically overexpressing galanin in cortical and hippocampal neurons, particularly in granule cells and their axons, the mossy fibers, hippocampal kindling epileptogenesis is suppressed and is associated with attenuat
