Filtyp
Rapid and accurate drug susceptibility testing (DST) is essential for the treatment of multi- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (M/XDR-TB). We compared the utility of genotypic DST assays with phenotypic DST (pDST) using Bactec 960 MGIT or Löwenstein-Jensen to construct M/XDR-TB treatment regimens for a cohort of 25 consecutive M/XDR-TB patients and 15 possible anti-TB drugs. Genotypic D
Background: Anillin (ANLN), an actin-binding protein required for cytokinesis, has recently been presented as part of a prognostic marker panel in breast cancer. The objective of the current study was to further explore the prognostic and functional value of ANLN as a single biomarker in breast cancer. Methods: Immunohistochemical assessment of ANLN protein expression was performed in two well cha
The ability to form long-term memories exists very early during ontogeny; however, the properties of early memory processes, brain structures involved and underlying cellular mechanisms are poorly defined. Here, we examine the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK signaling cascade, which is crucial for adult memory, in the consol
The cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) is believed to play a pivotal role in dopamine (DA) receptor-mediated nuclear signaling and neuroplasticity. Here we demonstrate that the significance of CREB for gene expression depends on the experimental paradigm. We compared the role of CREB in two different but related models: L-DOPA administration to unilaterally 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rat
BackgroundFor advanced pancreatic cancer, pulmonary metastases (PM) have been considered favorable factors compared to metastases of other sites, but it remains unknown whether the prognosis of patients with synchronous liver and lung metastases is better than that of non-PM.MethodsData was derived from a two-decade cohort and included 932 cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma with synchronous liver
When a swift heavy ion (SHI) penetrates amorphous SiO2, a core/shell (C/S) ion track is formed, which consists of a lower-density core and a higher-density shell. According to the conventional inelastic thermal spike (iTS) model represented by a pair of coupled heat equations, the C/S tracks are believed to form via "vaporization" and melting of the SiO2 induced by SHI (V-M model). However, the mo
The ESC diagnostic criteria for infective endocarditis (IE) added spondylodiscitis as minor diagnostic criterion. Of patients with Staphylococcus aureus, streptococcal or Enterococcus faecalis bacteremia, 11 of 1807 episodes were reclassified to definite IE of which nine were not treated as IE. Spondylodiscitis as a minor criterion decreases specificity of the criteria.
The cytokine TGFβ1 induces epidermal Langerhans cell (LC) differentiation from human precursors, an effect mediated through BMPR1a/ALK3 signaling, as revealed from ectopic expression and receptor inhibition studies. Whether TGFβ1‒BMPR1a signaling is required for LC differentiation in vivo remained incompletely understood. We found that TGFβ1-deficient mice show defective perinatal expansion and di
The (p)ppGpp-mediated stringent response is a bacterial stress response implicated in virulence and antibiotic tolerance. Both synthesis and degradation of the (p)ppGpp alarmone nucleotide are mediated by RelA-SpoT Homolog (RSH) enzymes which can be broadly divided in two classes: single-domain ‘short’ and multi-domain ‘long’ RSH. The regulatory ACT (Aspartokinase, Chorismate mutase and TyrA)/RRM
The biosynthesis of dermatan sulfate is a complex process that involves, inter alia, formation of L-iduronic acid residues by C5-epimerization of D-glucuronic acid residues already incorporated into the growing polymer. It has been shown previously that this reaction is promoted by the presence of the sulfate donor 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate. In the present investigation, the role of su
Background: Secondary hyperparathyroidism and altered levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) are associated with vascular events in chronic kidney disease. After renal transplantation, this association is not clear. Pre-transplant parathyroidectomy (PTX) is common, but post-transplant data are scarce. We aimed to study the effect of PTH at the time of transplantation on risk of post-transplant vascul
Introduction: Dental caries among preschool children is a global problem, a burden on children’s well-being, and an economic burden on healthcare systems. In Sweden, preschool children with an immigrant background have a higher prevalence of caries. Extensive treatment need and long-standing poor oral health may require dental treatment within hospital care. This study aimed to investigate whether
The present compilation thesis is divided into two sections, one for each of two separate methodological issues: reduction of random errors in mortality estimates and offsetting random variation related bias in data generated estimators of risk inequalities. Summary of section A In regard to the first issue a new family of survival functions is proposed. Its purpose is to provide valid and reliabl
Objective Data from the Paralympic Games indicate a fluctuating injury incidence in the Paralympic sport Goalball, but the mechanisms behind have not been explored. The aims of this study were to; i) quantitatively analyze Goalball injuries reported in the London 2012 and Rio 2016 Paralympic Games, ii) qualitatively explain the differences between both Games, and iii) qualitatively assess general
Shiga toxin (Stx), the unique virulence factor released by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), associated with gastrointestinal infection and in severe cases hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Up until now, no effective therapies have been developed to control disease progression. In this thesis, four novel treatment strategies have been investigated targeting different aspects of EHEC pathog
Brevmall Facul ty o f F ine and Performing Ar ts Public defence of theses and degree certificates in research studies This guide is designed to support the public defence process of doctoral students admitted under a special agreement on research studies at the Lund University Faculty of Fine and Performing Arts, and - doctoral students admitted to the national graduate school in the arts, Konstnä
