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Anaerobic digestion (AD) of minimal nutrient-supplemented wheat straw and digestate liquor recycle was evaluated in semi-continuous processes using a novel BioReactor Simulator developed for easy accurate online normalised-gas measurement. Three scenarios (i) no recycle (NR), (ii) recycle of soluble nutrient (RSN), and (iii) recycle of nutrient and microbes (RNM) were investigated in order to eval
In northern peatlands the thawing of permafrost increasing the active layer depth and changing the hydrology may lead to feedbacks in the climate system through changes in the biogeochemistry of carbon. We are examining this association on the Stordalen peatland complex in subarctic Sweden by analyzing a DEM derived from LiDAR-data and the calculated TWI. The DEM, with a spatial resolution of 1 m,
Investigations on exposure to electromagnetic have generated conflicting results both in epidemiological and laboratory studies, leaving their possible health consequences largely inconclusive. One of the well-reported reasons for the discrepancies is that there is no generally accepted theory to describe the interactions between the very weak electromagnetic fields and the living cells. This work
Background: In current guidelines, prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) mandates administration of repeated intravenous epinephrine (EPI) doses. This porcine study simulating a prolonged CPR-situation in the coronary catheterisation laboratory, explores the effect of EPI-administrations on coronary perfusion pressure (CPP), continuous coronary artery flow average peak velocity (APV) and a
Prophylaxis and treatment with antiretroviral drugs, a consequent low viral load, and the use of elective Caesarean section, are factors that radically decrease the risk of HIV transmission from mother to child during pregnancy and delivery. The availability of new antiretroviral drugs, updated general treatment guidelines and increasing knowledge of the importance of drug resistance, have necessi
Background: Evolutionary biologists are often misled by convergence of morphology and this has been common in the study of bird evolution. However, the use of molecular data sets have their own problems and phylogenies based on short DNA sequences have the potential to mislead us too. The relationships among clades and timing of the evolution of modern birds (Neoaves) has not yet been well resolve
Liquid displacement of model and industrial fluids in pipes was successfully investigated using the in-line rheometer concept based on the combination of Ultrasound Doppler Velocity Profiling (UVP) and the pressure difference (PD) technique. The velocity profile development, related mixing zone and real-time changes in rheology were monitored when one fluid was displaced by another with different
When Sephadex beads (0.45mg/kg b.w) are instilled intratracheally into rats, a granulomatous alveolitis with giant cell formation and fibrosis occurs. Moreover, the events in the alveolar region are paralleled by an eosinophil-dominated peribronchitis/bronchiolitis and perivasculitis. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) shows a very distinct feature with an early pronounced neutrophil increase, followed
Popular Abstract in Swedish Syftet med denna avhandling är att analysera och förklara den institutionella förändringen vad gäller läkemedelsförsäljning i Sverige. Avhandlingens bidrag är studier av denna specifika institutionella utveckling där nyinstitutionell ekonomisk teori har använts för att undersöka drivkrafterna. Avhandlingen består av tre artiklar. Syftet med den första artikeln är att beThe aim of this thesis is to analyze and to explain the institutional change in the provision of pharmaceuticals in Sweden. The thesis’ contribution is studies of this specific institutional development. New Institutional Economic theory is used to scrutinize the driving forces of this development. The thesis consist of three papers. The purpose of the first paper is to discuss and to analyze the
Introduction: Physical inactivity, low aerobic fitness and obesity are all associated with an increased risk of a wide range of diseases in adults. Promotion of physical activity, improvement of aerobic fitness and regulation of body weight in children may be of importance, as low physical activity, low aerobic fitness and obesity early in life have been known to track into adulthood. However, rel
As the largest single energy-consuming component in most biological wastewater treatment systems, control of aeration is of great interest seen from an energy savings point of view. This paper suggests a simple way of using on-line ammonium measurements to control aeration in a pre-denitrification plant by controlling the dissolved oxygen setpoint. The controller works primarily by feed-forward ba
The main purpose of this essay was to study the program "Nationellt stöd för kunskapsutveckling inom socialtjänsten" ("National support for knowledge development within the social services") from the National Board of Health and Welfare on the basis of how such a development, as represented by the program, could affect clients' possibilities to participation and influence w
The current curriculum requires a well functioning school library and an active use of it. In junior school grades 1-3 the children primarily learn basic skills. Knowledge about libraries and how to use them and different media is part of these skills. Therefore my intention was to investigate how school libraries in junior schools look, how they are used in the training and how they could be used
In one year water research project in Borensberg Waterworks, Motala, Sweden, water quality with respect to microscopic particle accounts both in raw water and drinking water were monitored by Predect’s Online Water Quality Monitoring System. Microscopic particle counts were documented with normalized value in real-time by P-100 for raw water and P-300 for pure water. This report aimed to evaluate
The Chernobyl catastrophe is still referred to as the biggest radioactivity fallout problem in the history of the world. The cloud that was released from the broken reactor travelled across larger parts of the European continent and the after-effects of the radiation are said to be felt and faced throughout the impacted regions up to this day – and that this process is far from over. This thesis
Background Despite the long history of tuberculosis (TB) research, population-based studies from developing countries are rare. Methods In a prospective community study in Bissau, the capital of Guinea-Bissau, we assessed the impact of demographic, socioeconomic and cultural risk factors on active TB. A surveillance system in four districts of the capital identified 247 adult (greater than or equa
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES. Higher contrast between normal and pathologic tissues in the liver may enable detection of smaller lesions in computed tomography (CT). This can be obtained using a liver-specific contrast medium. The authors evaluate a new agent, IEEC (1'-Ethyloxycarbonyloxy)-ethyl-5-acetylamino-3-(N-methyl-acetylami no)-2,4,6- triiodo-benzenecarboxylate), in an animal model, as a potent
A simple method is tested for scaling climate-extreme results from high resolution regional climate models (RCMs) to time-periods and emission scenarios for which the RCMs have not been run. The 30 yr mean relationships between indicators of extremes (IoEs) and annual mean daily maximum temperature (T-xa) are investigated. Such relationships from the UK Met Office Hadley Centre RCM HadRM3P, along
