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OBJECTIVES: Alcohol use disorders (AUD) is well known to aggregate in families and is associated with socioeconomic status (SES). The objective was to study the effect of education, income and neighborhood SES in adulthood on AUD, and to explore whether the potential associations were confounded by shared familial factors, by using a co-relative control design. METHODS: Data on AUD was drawn from
Background: Mental health problems are prevalent among adolescents with severe obesity, but long-term mental health outcomes after adolescent bariatric surgery are not well known. We aimed to assess mental health outcomes over 5 years of follow-up after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery in adolescents who participated in the Adolescent Morbid Obesity Surgery (AMOS) study. Methods: This was a non-ra
Metal implants, in e.g. joint replacements, are generally considered to be a success. As mechanical stability is important for the longevity of a prosthesis, the biological reaction of the bone to the mechanical loading conditions after implantation and during remodelling determines its fate. The bone reaction at the implant interface can be studied using high-resolution imaging. However, commonly
An experiment was conducted to concentrate on the rainfall interception process of individual trees for four common species in Beijing, China, which included needle species (Platycladus orientalis and Pinus tabulaeformis) and broadleaf species (Quercus variabilis and Acer truncatum). Two types of interception storages, the maximum (Cmax) and the minimum interception storage (Cmin), were examined a
Background: Breathlessness is a cardinal symptom of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) is given to improve survival time in people with COPD and severe chronic hypoxaemia at rest. The efficacy of oxygen therapy for breathlessness and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in people with COPD and mild or no hypoxaemia who do not meet the criteria for LTOT
A life-view is an overall view of man and the world, forming a central value system and giving expression to a fundamental attitude. Research has shown that life-views are established early in childhood, are influenced by social environment and are relatively constant over time. An individual's view of life determines the response to reality and influences decision-making and treatment of other pe
Efter att ha dominerat angloamerikansk filosofi under 1800-talets sista decennier kom idealismen att förlora sin ställning efter sekelskiftet, då övergången från viktorianska till modernistiska ideal, snabba sociala förändringar, ökad sekularisering och naturvetenskapens dominans tycktes kräva nytt filosofiskt tänkande. Vid andra världskrigets utbrott var idealismen utdöd och ersatt av den analytiAfter having dominated philosophical thought in Britain and the United States during the end of the nineteenth century, idealism was in steady decline by the outbreak of World War I. Its ideas and ideals seemed unsuited to face the transition from Victorianism to modernism and the rapid social changes of the post-war era. Its Anglo-American proponents—who were often liberals—were accused of indire
Disentangling biologically distinct subgroups of Alzheimer's disease (AD) may facilitate a deeper understanding of the neurobiology underlying clinical heterogeneity. We employed longitudinal [18F]FDG-PET standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs) to map hypometabolism across cognitively-defined AD subgroups. Participants were 384 amyloid-positive individuals with an AD dementia diagnosis from ADNI
Summary: Vertebral fractures are independent risk factors for vertebral and nonvertebral fractures. Since vertebral fractures are often missed, the relatively new introduction of vertebral fracture assessment (VFA) for imaging of the lateral spine during DXA-measurement of the spine and hips may contribute to detect vertebral fractures. We advocate performing a VFA in all patients with a recent fr
Phenotypic characterization of human retinogenesis may be facilitated by use of the tissue culture system paradigm. Traditionally, most culture protocols involve isolation of retinal tissue and/or cells, imposing various degrees of trauma, which in many cases leads to abnormal development. In this paper, we present a novel culture technique using whole embryonic eyes to investigate whether the ret
BACKGROUND: Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) reduces relapse rates in acute leukemia, but outcome is hampered by toxicity. Population-based data avoid patient selection and may therefore substitute for lack of randomized trials. METHODS: We evaluated alloSCT rates within the Swedish Acute Leukemia Registry, including 3899 adult patients diagnosed from 1997 through 2006 with a coverag
Functional genomics methods are used to investigate the huge amount of information contained in genomes. Numerous experimental methods rely on the use of oligo- or polynucleotides. Nucleotide strand hybridization forms the underlying principle for these methods. For all these techniques, the probes should be unique for analyzed genes. In addition to being unique for the studied genes, the probes s
Popular Abstract in Swedish Bröstcancer är den vanligaste cancerformen hos kvinnor världen över och den står för omkring 30% av all cancer hos kvinnor i Sverige. Varje år får ca 7000 kvinnor i Sverige diagnosen och man räknar att ca en av tio kvinnor insjuknar under sin livstid. Trots att så många får bröstcancer så är det betydligt färre kvinnor som dör av bröstcancer; för närvarande ca 1500 per The aim of this thesis was to study reproductive factors and genetic polymorphisms in relation to breast cancer risk and survival. An important component of this was to investigate the risk of specific breast cancer subgroups. The association between parity and breast cancer-specific survival was studied among 4,453 women diagnosed with breast cancer in Malmö, Sweden. It was found that: • Nullipar
This thesis discusses a number of robot touch perception systems. All these systems are self-organizing and model different aspects of human touch perception. The thesis starts out with introductions to the anatomy and the physiology of the human hand. It proceeds with an overview of the human touch perception from both a neurophysiological and a behavioural perspective. Then related robotic resea
Background: Urosepsis is a life-threatening condition that needs to be addressed without delay. Two critical issues in its management are: (1) Appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy, considering the patients general condition, comorbidity, and the pathogen expected; and (2) Timing of imaging to identify obstruction requiring decompression. Objectives: To identify risk factors associated with 30-
Aims: To identify the best strategy to achieve complete revascularization (CR) in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and multi-vessel disease (MVD). Methods and results: We systematically reviewed the literature for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing IRA-only PCI and CR guided by angiography or fractional flow reserve (FFR) in MVD-STEMI. Both frequentist (classical
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have the ability to self-renew and to give rise to all blood cells of the different lineages, and are thereby responsible for the replenishment of blood cells throughout life. These cells are tightly regulated by extrinsic and intrinsic regulators, such as signals from the bone marrow microenvironment, complex transcription factor networks and epigenetic regulators.
Objective: Primary care is the base in many health care systems, and to identify the most registered diagnoses in primary care is a way to identify the overall health care use and needs in society. We estimated the rates of the 30 most common diagnoses in primary health care and their male to female ratio. Research design and methods: This was a study including inhabitants 18 years and older out o
