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Protection against mucosally transmitted infections probably requires immunity at the site of pathogen entry(1), yet there are no mucosal adjuvant formulations licensed for human use. Polyethyleneimine (PEI) represents a family of organic polycations used as nucleic acid transfection reagents in vitro and DNA vaccine delivery vehicles in vivo(2,3). Here we show that diverse PEI forms have potent m

In osteoblasts, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) is the major isozyme responsible for production of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are local mediators of bone resorption and formation and are known to be involved in bone's adaptive response to fluid shear stress (FSS). We have previously described a model of trabecular bone loss in hindlimb-suspended mice and rats and demonstrated partial protection from

Policies to reduce household energy use usually target the individual customer. This is probably one explanation for the limited effect of many information policies, because two concepts with different meanings are confused: individual and household. In most contexts, an individual stands for what s/he does, but in the policy context, an individual is taken to represent the entire household. This

This paper concerns the proper definition of embeddings in purely category-theoretical terms. It is argued that plain category theory cannot capture what, in the general case, constitutes an embedding of one structure in another. We discuss three available solutions to this problem: variants of monics, concrete categories, and allegories. The first and last of these are found to be unable to solve

The potential collapse of Assad’s regime would disturb not only the regional but also trans-regional balance of power at the expense of Iran, leaving it virtually alone amidst foes such as Saudi Arabia and Israel, and rivalrous friends such as Turkey and (potentially) Egypt. The IRI officials have made no secret of their strong desire that Syria under Assad should be protected from what is usually

Recent developments in rotational CARS thermometry and critical issues when comparing vibrational and rotational CARS thermometry are described. In particular, the development of dual broadband rotational CARS and the noise characteristics of this approach are emphasized. The difficulty with unambiguous temperature determination in vibrational CARS with unknown parameters, in particular the nonres

In mitosis, transcription factors (TFs) and RNA polymerase disperse across the cytoplasm leading to transcriptional silencing, but some TFs are retained on condensed chromatin and mark genomic sites, a mechanism termed mitotic bookmarking. In pluripotent and differentiated cells this mechanism is important for pluripotency maintenance, cell reprogramming and lineage inheritance. However, the role

Humanity injects an almost incomprehensible 42 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into the atmosphere every year. The majority of this comes from burning fossil fuels, but a substantial portion, about 16%, arises from how we use the land. Most of these land-use emissions are caused by deforestation, particularly in the tropics.In order to slow climate change, the global community needs to redu

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to determine the role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) on the microvasculature and on angiogenetic gene expression after partial hepatectomy (PH) in the rat model.METHODS: To determine the effect of exogenous and endogenous VEGF after PH, rats were subjected to 70% PH and treated either with VEGF, anti-VEGF or NaCl. Postoperatively (3-168 h), vessel

Constitutional monarchy offers Iran a politically stable and culturally resonant alternative to partisan republicanism. Grounded in both empirical research and philosophical tradition, it combines symbolic authority with institutional continuity, enabling national unity without authoritarianism. Monarchs function as neutral anchors above political conflict, often at lower public cost and with grea

MVEN03_Planering_Schema_HT_2020_v2.xlsx MILJÖVETENSKAP Preliminär planering/schema 200517 Kurs: MVEN03 ‐ Miljövetenskap: Analys och metodik, 15 hp  HT 2020 Kursansvarig: Nina Reistad NR nina.reistad@fysik.lth.se Lärare: Charlotta Turner CT charlotta.turner@chem.lu.se Christian Lindh CL christian.lindh@med.lu.se  Per Erik Isberg PEI  per‐erik.isberg@stat.lu.se Pål Axel Olsson PAO pal_axel.olsson@bi

https://www.cec.lu.se/sv/sites/cec.lu.se.sv/files/mven03_prel_schema_ht20_webb.pdf - 2026-07-05

There are many different variations in sex characteristics, some of which have implications for how the body goes through puberty. This paper draws from critical disability studies and childhood and youth studies to understand the teenage experiences and aspirations of young people with variations in sex characteristics, focusing particularly on navigating puberty. We undertook a reflexive themati

Background Evidence-based medicine recognizes that clinical expertise gained through experience is essential to good medical practice. However, it is not known what beliefs clinicians hold about how personal clinical experience and scientific knowledge contribute to their clinical decision making and how those beliefs vary between professions, which themselves vary along relevant characteristics, Background: Evidence-based medicine recognizes that clinical expertise gained through experience is essential to good medical practice. However, it is not known what beliefs clinicians hold about how personal clinical experience and scientific knowledge contribute to their clinical decision making and how those beliefs vary between professions, which themselves vary along relevant characteristics,

The prevalence of allergic disease is continuing to increase worldwide, and it has even become a major concern in public health. Allergic reactions are developed to otherwise harmless substances and may be both life-threatening as well as discomforting for patients in their daily life. Therefore, a more detailed knowledge about how antibodies interact with allergens and effector cells in allergic

Wind-abraded cobbles (ventifacts) and aeolian sand are known from the sandy-gravelly coastal areas of south-western Sweden, especially in association with raised deltas. Ventifacts are recorded on at least two different stratigraphic levels, on top of glaciofluvial sediment and/or on top of littoral deposits, while aeolian sand usually forms a surficial cover. The formation of ventifacts has usual

Schema MVEN16 HT18_PREL MILJÖVETENSKAP Preliminärt schema 2018-10-02 Kurs: MVEN16 Klimatpolitik, samhällsstyrning och kommunikation, HT18 Kursansvarig: RH: Roger Hildingsson, Statsvetenskapliga inst; roger.hildingsson@svet.lu.se Lärare: CD: Carl Dalhammar, IIIEE; carl.dalhammar@iiiee.lu.se JAO: Johanna Alkan Olsson, CEC/Miljövetenskap; johanna.alkan_olsson@cec.lu.se JK: Jamil Khan, Miljö- och ener

https://www.cec.lu.se/sv/sites/cec.lu.se.sv/files/schema_mven16_ht18_prelxx.pdf - 2026-07-05