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BACKGROUND: Multiple patient and clinical characteristics contribute to the variable outcome of spinal anesthesia (SPA). Acute reduction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume may alter the effect of SPA. The objective of the present study was to test if aspiration of 10 mL CSF immediately prior to SPA is associated with higher extent of sensory block. METHODS: Interventional cohort study. One hundre
The search for mates and food is mediated by volatile chemicals. Insects sense food odorants and sex pheromones through odorant receptors (ORs) and pheromone receptors (PRs), which are expressed in olfactory sensory neurons. Molecular phylogenetics of ORs, informed by behavioral and functional data, generates sound hypotheses for the identification of semiochemicals driving olfactory behavior. Stu
Background: Head position during care may affect cerebral haemodynamics and contribute to the development of germinal matrix-intraventricular haemorrhage (GM-IVH) in very preterm infants. Turning the head toward one side may occlude jugular venous drainage while increasing intracranial pressure and cerebral blood volume. It is suggested that cerebral venous pressure is reduced and hydrostatic brai
In this work, three polymeric resins were examined as alternatives for the separation of hemicellulose and lignin. The aim was to remove the lignin from spent-sulfite-liquor (SSL) prior to ultrafiltration, producing a hemicellulose-rich retentate with high purity, and increase the capacity of the membrane filtration. The lignin in the SSL was sulfonated; thus, two of the resins were anion exchange
Climate change is not only about changes in means of climatic variables such as temperature, precipitation and wind, but also their extreme values which are of critical importance to human society and ecosystems. To inspire the Swedish climate research community and to promote assessments of international research on past and future changes in extreme weather events against the global climate chan
Combustion of ammonia (NH3) as a carbon-free alternative fuel has been recently widely studied, with vast majority of the burning velocity data obtained at room temperature. In the present study, the laminar burning velocity SL of NH3/air mixtures has been measured at unburnt gas temperature Tu from 298 K to 448 K, covering equivalence ratios from 0.85 to 1.25 and at 1 atm using the heat flux meth
The overall aim of this chapter is to present a guide in how to efficiently measure and statistically analyze text and numerical data using the online software SemanticExcel.com; we will focus on the following main functions: 1. Computing semantic similarity scores between the semantic representations of two sets of texts. 2. Testing whether the semantic representations of two sets of texts statis
Background: Intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired delirium is frequent and associated with poor short- and long-term outcomes for patients in ICUs. It therefore constitutes a major healthcare problem. Despite limited evidence, haloperidol is the most frequently used pharmacological intervention against ICU-acquired delirium. Agents intervening against Delirium in the ICU (AID-ICU) is an international
Aim: To describe the experiences of peer learning in psychiatric inpatient settings during clinical placement of undergraduate nursing students and to highlight the possibility for peer learning in psychiatric outpatient settings. Design: A qualitative inductive design. Method: Questionnaires with 14 students and 12 preceptors in inpatient and outpatient care and interviews with one student and on
Agricultural landscapes have changed fast in Europe, which has led to steep declines in farmland biodiversity. While this has differentially impacted “farmland species”, some of these seem to be able to use alternative man-made open habitats in forests, such as forest clear-cuts and powerline rights-of-way. We investigated the use of clear-cuts by two historically declining farmland birds, the Yel
Objective: To compare mode of birth in Robson group 1 according to administration of oxytocin for labour augmentation. Design and participants: A retrospective review of 724 medical records from women in Robson group 1 was performed. The outcome measurements were: mode of birth in relation to presence of labour dystocia when initiating augmentation with oxytocin, duration of augmentation with oxyt
The paper presents research results from the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Innovative Training Network INFRASTAR in the field of reliability approaches for decision-making for wind turbines and bridges. This paper addresses the application of Bayesian decision analysis for installation of heating systems in wind turbine blades in cases where an ice detection system is already installed in order to allow
Decision analysis is often used to help decision makers choose among alternatives, based on the expected utility associated to each alternative as function of its consequences and potential impacts. Environmental impacts are not always among the prioritized concerns of traditional decision making. This has fostered the development of several environmental problems and is nowadays a reason of conce
This study aims to reveal the obstacles to achieving quality in distance learning during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and was based on a large sample of professors and students of universities in the Arab world (Algerian, Egyptian, Palestinian, and Iraqi). The primary aim of this research was to investigate the various ways in which students pursued their studies at home during the universi
Även om man redan under 1930- och 40 talen förstod att små vattendroppar under vissa förutsättningar kan förbättra släckeffektiviteten för vatten jämfört med större vattendroppar och slutna vattenstrålar, så var det inte förrän på 1990 talet som tekniken med fasta system med ”vattendimma” kommersialiserades. Incitamentet var i första hand det så kallade Montrealprotokollet och branden ombord på pModern, commercial water mist fire protection system technology evolved at the beginning of the 1990s due a need to replace halon fire-extinguishing systems and improve fire safety on passenger ships. This thesis documents the unknown water mist system development work by two Swedish companies during the 1970s and 1980s. It also documents the development of the first international installation rec
This report presents an integrated simulation-based approach to study the on-site production of concrete frameworks by considering the multiple effects of weather on work task productivity and concrete curing process. The suggested approach enable to systematically study how different weather conditions and the use of climate-improved concrete in combination with different methods to shield concre
No-tillage (NT) practice is extensively adopted with aims to improve soil physical conditions, carbon (C) sequestration and to alleviate greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions without compromising crop yield. However, the influences of NT on GHGs emissions and crop yields remains inconsistent. A global meta-analysis was performed by using fifty peer-reviewed publications to assess the effectiveness of
