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With the aim of properly understanding the basis for and the utility of many-body perturbation theory as applied to extended metallic systems, we have calculated the electronic self-energy of the homogeneous electron gas within the GW approximation. The calculation has been carried out in a self-consistent way; i.e., the one-electron Green function obtained from Dyson’s equation is the same as tha

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen består av 5 delstudier. Fyra belyser olika aspekter av alkoholproblem hos kvinnor jämfört med män. Ett delarbete grundar sig på en studiepopulation av endast kvinnor. Undersökningsgrupperna består av såväl patienter som individer från den allmänna befolkningen. De två första studierna utgår från kvinnor och män i Malmö födda 1941, som undersöktes vid 42-årThis thesis presents data relating to gender differences of problem drinking. The aim was to increase the knowledge of characteristics of female problem drinking to enhance identification efficiency. Alcoholic patients, 214 women and 420 men, and subjects from the general population, 2939 women and 1880 men, in Malmö, Sweden were studied between 1983-1995. Lifetime prevalence rates of problem dri

The catalyst layer (CL) in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells is one of the key components regulating the overall performance of the cell. In PEM fuel cells, there are two CLs having identical composition for hydrogen oxidation (HO) and oxygen reduction (OR) reactions. There are four phases inside the CL, namely: carbon, Pt particles, ionomer and voids. In this work, a micro-model of th

It is shown that under certain regularity conditions on the norm, the functions in a nontrivial invariant subspace of the backward shift operator have meromorphic pseudocontinuations in the Nevanlinna class of the exterior of the unit disk. In addition, we provide a regularity condition which implies that the subspace itself is contained in the Nevanlinna class of the disc.

Methods for monitoring seepage and detecting internal erosion are essential for the safety evaluation of embankment dams. Internal erosion is one of the major reasons for embankment dam failures, and there are several tenths of thousands of large embankment dams in the world. Internal erosion is progressing inside the dam, and is sometimes difficult to detect by conventional methods. Therefore, th

Popular Abstract in Swedish Magnetresonanstomografi (MRT) är en metod för framställning av bilder av kroppen och av sjukliga förändringar i kroppen. När metoden introducerades ansågs den utomordentligt goda inbyggda vävnadskontrasten vara tillräcklig för att särskilja olika sjukliga förändringar, speciellt i hjärnan. Det har emellertid visat sig att förmågan att upptäcka sjukliga förändringar är oAims of the study The aims of this study using Gadodiamide injection were to investigate: · Whether Gadodiamide injection was comparable to Gd-DTPA for the enhancement of CNS lesions. · The contrast effect at different field strengths. · The effective time-window for the enhancement of blood-brain barrier damage. · The relations between the concentration of contrast agent and enhancement in p

Popular Abstract in Swedish Genetisk påverkan i ledgångsreumatism Ett väl fungerande immunsystem är en förutsättning för kroppens kamp mot diverse sjukdomar orsakade av t ex virus och bakterier. En grundläggande egenskap hos immunsystemet är dess förmåga att skilja på vad som är kroppens egna celler och molekyler och vad som är främmande. Ibland fungerar inte denna diskriminering som den ska och In this thesis the role of major histocompatibility complex (Mhc) class II molecules in development of autoimmune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), was studied. By combining an experimental model for RA, collagen type II induced arthritis (CIA), with molecular biology methods the importance of polymorphism in Mhc class II genes for disease development was investigated. The Mhc region con

Supportive legislation and improving technologies are making bioenergy an increasingly attractive energy source for Europe both economically and environmentally. However, abundant resources remain untapped across many member states in the European Union (EU). The Bioenergy Network of Excellence (NoE) entitled Overcoming Barriers to Bioenergy in Europe is charged with the task to identify critical

Cationic polymers in the form of anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) may enable a route towards low platinum or even platinum-free alkaline membrane fuel cells with the potential to oxidize more complex fuels than hydrogen and methanol [1-4]. The main challenges for the AEMs are currently to enhance the alkaline stability of the cationic group and to improve the ion conductivity. In this context, ther

Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) have gained increased interest as prebiotics during the last years. XOS and arabinoxylooligosaccharides (AXOS) can be produced from major fractions of biomass including agricultural by-products and other low cost raw materials. Endo-xylanases are key enzymes for the production of (A)XOS from xylan. As the xylan structure is broadly diverse due to different substitutions,

Background Evidence-based treatment of depression continues to grow, but successful treatment and maintenance of treatment response remains limited. Aims To compare the effectiveness of exercise, internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy (ICBT) and usual care for depression. Method A multicentre, three-group parallel, randomised controlled trial was conducted with assessment at 3 months (posttr

The occurrence of wintering and spring-staging sea ducksin the southern part of Swedish Öresund was surveyedfrom air and ship during the period 2001–2011. Altogether22 air and 20 boat surveys were made during themonths November–May and here we present the resultsregarding five commonly recorded sea ducks. We presentthe numbers recorded and the general time pattern of occurrenceduring winter and sp