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Willow (Salix spp.) trees have been used commercially since the 1980s to produce renewable energy. Some benefits with these trees are that they can clean soil from heavy metals, reduce the risk of nutrient leakage and eutrophication. They could be an alternative to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel, but they are known to emit high rates of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs)
After many years of preclinical development, cell and gene therapies have advanced from research tools in the lab to clinical-grade products for patients, and today they constitute more than a quarter of all new Phase I clinical trials for Parkinson's disease. Whereas efficacy has been convincingly proven for many of these products in preclinical models, the field is now entering a new phase where
Recent advances in genome editing have brought new hopes for personalized and precision medicine but have also dramatically facilitated disease modeling studies. Combined with reprogramming approaches, stem cells and differentiation toward neural lineages, genome engineering holds great potential for regenerative approaches and to model neurological disorders. The use of patient-specific induced p
Sweden has the largest forest cover in the European Union, and for decades, Sweden's forest industry has pursued intensive forest management through tree plantations and clear-cutting in order to maximize wood production. The Swedish forestry sector is increasingly under pressure to transition away from intensive clear-cut forest management, but other forest management models are still a niche in
Paraffin wax and various nanoparticles (CuO, Al2O3 and Fe3O4) were used as matrix and heat conduction enhancer of phase change materials (PCMs), respectively. The dispersant Span 80 was added into the nanocomposite to provide stable PCMs. Based on analyses of melting and freezing curves and infrared thermal imaging tests, the phase change latent heat, viscosity, and thermal conductivity of the nan
Background Lifestyle exposures play a major role in the development of disease, yet people vary in their susceptibility. A critical step towards precision medicine is identifying individuals who are resilient or sensitive to the environment, and, assess whether the allocation to these predicted groups are more or less likely to develop cardiometabolic disease.Methods We have used repeated data fro
Understanding the critical soil moisture (SM) threshold (θcrit) of plant water stress and land surface energy partitioning is a basis to evaluate drought impacts and improve models for predicting future ecosystem condition and climate. Quantifying the θcrit across biomes and climates is challenging because observations of surface energy fluxes and SM remain sparse. Here, we used the latest databas
Vapor phase infiltration into a self-assembled block copolymer (BCP) to create a hybrid material in one of the constituent blocks can enhance the etch selectivity for pattern transfer. Mul- tiple pulse infiltration into carbohydrate-based high-χ BCP has previously been shown to enable sub-10 nm feature pattern transfer. By optimizing the amount of infiltrated material, the etch selectiv- ity shoul
The MEDIM study reports that Immigrants from the Middle East to Sweden – independently of other diabetes related risk factors – have a twice as high type 2 diabetes risk as compared to non-immigrated Swedes. Diabetes onset occurs 6 years earlier in this group and is partly explained by family history and/or obesity. But the MEDIM study has identified that Middle Eastern background per se is an ind
Hardware implementing spiking neural networks (SNNs) has the potential to provide transformative gains in energy efficiency and throughput for energy-restricted machine-learning tasks. This is enabled by large arrays of memristive synapse devices that can be realized by various emerging memory technologies. But in practice, the performance of such hardware is limited by non-ideal features of the m
Background: People with aphasia (PWA) after ischemic stroke often have difficulties in communication and social participation. To individualise rehabilitation and optimise recovery, there is a need for knowledge regarding prevalence of aphasia, and language functions in relation to long-term recovery and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). In this study, we examined these issues in a Swedish s
Music therapy is a “vocally demanding profession” [1, p. 46]. Currently, little is known about the prevalence and about the possible risk factors for voice disorders within music therapy. As music therapy workspaces may not always be ideal in terms of acoustics, the aim of the study is to investigate room acoustics and noise as risk factors for possible voice disorders among music therapists in Fi
Segmentation of diagnostic radiography images using deep learning is progressively expanding, which sets demands on the accessibility, availability, and accuracy of the software tools used. This study aimed at evaluating the performance of a segmentation model for digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), with the use of computer-simulated breast anatomy. We have simulated breast anatomy and soft tissue
Background: Low grip strength and gait speed are associated with mortality. However, investigation of the additional mortality risk explained by these measures, over and above other factors, is limited. Aim: We examined whether grip strength and gait speed improve discriminative capacity for mortality over and above more readily obtainable clinical risk factors. Methods: Participants from the Heal
Precision medicine should aspire to reduce error and improve accuracy in medical and health recommendations by comparison with contemporary practice, while maintaining safety and cost-effectiveness. The etiology, clinical manifestation and prognosis of diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease and fatty liver disease are heterogeneous. Without standardized reportin
Background: Most family studies on venous thromboembolism (VTE) have focused on first-degree relatives. Objectives: We took a pedigree-based approach and examined the risk of VTE and cardiometabolic disorders in offspring from extended pedigrees according to the densities of VTE in pedigrees. Methods: From the Swedish population, we identified a total of 482 185 pedigrees containing a mean of 14.2
In this study, we present a systematic investigation of the controlled fabrication of Au-Pd barcode nanowires within nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (NP-AAO) templates. By using a combination of in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD), focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we elucidate the influence of template preparation methods on the resu
We introduce the concept photophysical image analysis (PIA) and an associated pipeline for unsupervised probabilistic image thresholding for images recorded by electron-multiplying charge-coupled device (EMCCD) cameras. We base our approach on a closed-form analytic expression for the characteristic function (Fourier-transform of the probability mass function) for the image counts recorded in an E
InAs nanowires have been used as selectors and electrodes in a one-transistor one-resistor resistive random-access memory (RRAM) configuration for increased memory scalability. Such oxide-based memories not only show promise both in conventional memory technology but also as analog memories for neural networks. The small areas of the oxide elements, however, result in challenges for electrical cha
