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Embryonic nigral grafts can survive, reinnervate the striatum and reverse functional deficits in both experimental and clinical Parkinsonism. A major drawback is that only around 10% of the implanted dopaminergic neurons survive. The underlying mechanisms leading to this 90% cell death are not fully understood, but oxidative stress and a substantial loss of neurotrophic support are likely to be in
Glypicans are cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans that influence Wnt, hedgehog, decapentaplegic, and fibroblast growth factor activity via their heparan sulfate chains. However, recent studies have shown that glypican core proteins also have a role in growth factor signaling. Here, we expressed secreted recombinant human glypican-1 in eukaryotic cells. Recombinant glypican-1 was expressed a
Aims/hypothesis: The objective of the study was to analyse the mortality, survival and cause of death patterns in incident cases of diabetes in the 15-34-year age group that were reported to the nationwide prospective Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden (DISS). Methods: During the study period 1983-1999, 6,771 incident cases were reported. Identification of deaths was made by linking the records to
Objective To examine the association between anthropometry and endometrial cancer, particularly by menopausal status and exogenous hormone use subgroups. Methods Among 223,008 women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, there were 567 incident endometrial cancer cases during 6.4 years of follow-up. The analysis was performed with Cox proportional hazards
The purpose of this work was to develop a contrast-detail phantom that can be used to evaluate image quality in breast tomosynthesis (BT) and as a first step use it to evaluate in-plane artifacts with respect to object size and contrast. The phantom was constructed using a Polylite [registered trademark] resin as bulk material, as it has x-ray mass attenuation properties similar to polymethyl meth
Objective. - To study the impact of preschool outdoor environments on children's physical activity and solar ultraviolet (UV) exposure at different latitudes and countries. Methods. Outdoor environments of 11 preschools (two in Raleigh NC, USA, Lat.36 degrees N, nine in Malmo, Sweden, Lat.55 degrees N) were scored (OPEC) regarding space, vegetation, hilly terrain and level of integration between o
PURPOSE: To provide estimates of the diffusional kurtosis in the healthy brain in anatomically defined areas and list these along previously reported values in pathologies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six volunteers (mean age = 33.1 years; range, 19-64 years) underwent diffusional kurtosis imaging. Mean kurtosis (MK), radial kurtosis (RK), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and frac
As an approach to determining the aetiology of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), we searched for a virus expressed in human CLL B-cells by combining high-throughput sequencing and digital subtraction. Pooled B-cell mRNA transcriptomes from five CLL patients and five healthy donors were sequenced with 454 Life Sciences technology. Human reads were excluded by BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search
Objective: Anaemia in low-risk MDS is associated with reduced quality of life (QoL). Response to treatment with erythropoietin (EPO) + G-CSF is associated with improved QoL, but whether transfusion therapy with higher haemoglobin (Hb) target levels has similar effects is unknown. The objective for this prospective phase II Nordic multicentre trial was to assess QoL, response rate and physical func
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: We examined features of the metabolic syndrome to see if they modified the risk of chronic diabetic complications in patients with Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. METHODS: A total of 85 randomly selected patients with the metabolic syndrome (WHO definition) were compared with 85 Type II diabetic patients matched for age, sex, duration of diabetes, glycaemic cont
The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the role of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) on micturition. CRF is involved in the endocrine and central nervous system responses to stress and is also expressed in sites responsible for the control of micturition. In this investigation, cystometric experiments were performed in awake and unrestrained Wistar rats and on Spontaneous Hypertensiv
Between January 1993 - December 1995, the Galileo spacecraft traversed the interplanetary space between Earth and Jupiter and arrived at Jupiter on 7 December 1995. The dust instrument onboard the spacecraft was operating during most of the time and data from the instrument were obtained via memory readouts which occurred at rates between twice per day and once per week. All events were classified
Background: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with perinatal mortality and with neurologic damage from intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). We investigated whether S100B, a neural protein found in high concentrations after cell injury in the nervous system, is increased in serum of women whose pregnancies are complicated by IUGR and whose newborns develop IVH. We also explored the
Amphibians are declining worldwide, but lack of long-term regional data makes identifying possible causes difficult, hindering conservation efforts. We evaluated whether habitat destruction, terrestrial habitat adjacent to ponds and the physico-chemical characteristics of ponds could explain the regional and local decline of the spadefoot toad (Pelobates fuscus) in Sweden. Analyses of aerial photo
Smoking is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Studies have indicated that smoking may outweigh the benefit of blood pressure (BP) control. Our aim was to compare cardiovascular risk factors in smokers vs non-smokers from a national sample of treated hypertensives. Data were collected on smoking habits, BP control, total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, diabete
In this pilot study, the predictive value of Octreotide scintigraphy (Octreoscan) and/or Chromogranin-A (CgA) was investigated in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer treated with Octreotide acetate. In total, 20 patients with progressive disease and bone metastases entered the trial. At baseline Octreoscan, CgA, PSA, alkaline phosphates (ALP) and two self-administered questionnaires (
With the use of electrogoniometers wrist positions and movements were measured in 13 milkers while working in a modern rotary milking system. The rotary system put considerable demands on the wrists and hands regarding both velocities and repetitiveness. Values were found close to those described in other repetitive industrial work with high risk of wrist and hand disorders. For the right hand the
Background & Aims: Preterm birth and formula feeding are key risk factors associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in infants, but little is known about intestinal conditions that predispose to disease. Thus, structural, functional, and microbiologic indices were used to investigate the etiology of spontaneous NEC development in preterm pigs. Methods : Piglets were delivered by cesarean
Asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AsFIFFF) in combination with multi-angle light scattering (MALS) was applied to cationic potato amylopectin (CPAP) to investigate how molar mass, root-mean-square (r.m.s.) radius and shape was influenced by different conditions of jet-cooking. The effect of different jet-cooking temperatures in the range 110 degrees C - 140 degrees C was studied in an ex
OBJECTIVE: Prostate cancer cells secrete the unique protease human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2) that represents a target for proteolytic activation of cytotoxic prodrugs. The objective of this study was to identify hK2-selective peptide substrates that could be coupled to a cytotoxic analogue of thapsigargin, a potent inhibitor of the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase pump that ind
